【正文】 的波形如圖所示 。 21．如圖，當(dāng)用激光照射直徑小于激光束的不透明圓盤時(shí)，在圓盤后屏上的陰影中心出現(xiàn)了一個(gè)亮斑 ?？忌鷳?yīng)用藍(lán)色或黑色的鋼筆或圓珠筆將第 ll卷所有試題的答案寫在試卷上，用鉛筆答題或?qū)⒋鸢竿繉懺诖痤}卡上一律不給分 (作圖可用 鉛筆 )。每小題有二個(gè)或三個(gè)正確選項(xiàng)。每小題只有一個(gè)正確選項(xiàng)。考生應(yīng)將代表正確答案的小方格用 2B鉛筆涂黑。全卷共 10頁。答案不能涂寫在試卷上，涂寫在試卷上一律不給分。 當(dāng)繩與河岸的夾角為 ? ，船的速率為 (A) sinv ? (B)sinv? (C) cosv ? (D)cosv? 12． 如圖所示電路中，閉合電鍵 S，當(dāng)滑動(dòng)變阻器的滑動(dòng)觸頭 P從最高端向下滑動(dòng)時(shí)， (A)電壓表 V讀數(shù)先變大后變小，電流表 A讀數(shù)變大 (B)電壓表 V讀數(shù)先變小后變大，電流表 A讀數(shù)變小 (C)電壓表 V讀數(shù)先變大后變小，電流表 A讀數(shù)先變小后變大 (D)電壓表 V讀數(shù)先變小后變大，電流表 A讀數(shù)先變大后變小 13． 如圖，均勻帶正電的絕緣圓環(huán) a與金屬圓環(huán) b同心共面放置，當(dāng) a繞 O點(diǎn)在其所在平面內(nèi)旋轉(zhuǎn)時(shí)， b中產(chǎn)生順時(shí)針方向的感應(yīng)電流，且具有收 縮趨勢(shì)，由此可知，圓環(huán) a (A)順時(shí)針加速旋轉(zhuǎn) (B)順時(shí)針減速旋轉(zhuǎn) (C)逆時(shí)針加速旋轉(zhuǎn) (D)逆時(shí)針減速旋轉(zhuǎn) 14． 兩個(gè)等量異種點(diǎn)電荷位于 x軸上，相對(duì)原點(diǎn)對(duì)稱分布，正確描述電勢(shì) ? 隨 位置 x 變化規(guī)律的是圖 4 15．如圖，一長(zhǎng)為 L 的輕桿一端固定在光滑鉸鏈上，另一端固定一質(zhì)量為 m的小球 。 ) 實(shí)驗(yàn)，隨著時(shí)間的增加，在屏上先后出現(xiàn)如圖 (a)、 (b)、 (c)所示的圖像，則 (A)圖像 (a)表明光具有粒子性 (B)圖像 (c)表明光具有波動(dòng)性 (C)用紫外光觀察不到類似的圖像 (D)實(shí)驗(yàn)表明光是一種概率波 18．如圖，質(zhì)量為 m 、長(zhǎng)為 L 的直導(dǎo)線用兩絕緣細(xì)線懸掛于 39。有關(guān)物理量的數(shù)值計(jì)算問題，答案中必須明確寫出數(shù)值和單位。 開始時(shí) a球靜止， b球以一定速度運(yùn)動(dòng)直至繩被拉緊，然后兩球一起運(yùn)動(dòng)，在此過程中兩球的總動(dòng)量 (填 “ 守恒 ”或 “ 不守恒 ” )；機(jī)械能 (填 “ 守恒 ” 或 “ 不守恒 ” )。 一物體由靜止開始從軌道頂端滑下，當(dāng)其到達(dá)軌道底部時(shí)，物體的速率為 ，其水平方向的速度 大小為 。 (1)(多選題 )在實(shí)驗(yàn)中需保持不變的是 ( ) (A)擋光片 的寬度 (B)小車的釋放位置 (C)導(dǎo)軌傾斜的角度 (D)光電門的位置 7 (2)線圈匝數(shù)增加一倍后重做該實(shí)驗(yàn)，在圖 (b)中畫出實(shí)驗(yàn)圖線 。 六．計(jì)算題 (共 50分 ) 8 30.(10 分 )如圖，絕熱氣缸 A與導(dǎo)熱氣缸 B均固定于地面，由剛性 桿連接的絕熱活塞與兩氣缸間均無摩擦。 的力斜向上拉此物體，使物體從 A處由靜止開始運(yùn)動(dòng)并能到達(dá) B處，求該力作用的最短時(shí)間 t。將 B在 A附近某一位置由靜止釋放，由于能量守恒，可 通過測(cè)量 B在不同位置處的速度，得到 B的勢(shì)能隨位置 x的變化規(guī)律，見圖 (c)中 曲線 I。 ) ，波動(dòng)說 ，不守恒 22B．增大，增大 23. 12( ) / 2q q El? ， 1 2 2 1[ ( ) ( ) ] / 2q q E m m g l? ? ? ， 0 25. 0/gs v ， 2200/ 1 ( / )v v gs? 五 .實(shí)驗(yàn)題 (共 24 分 ) 26． （ 1） 2222111[]2 ( ) ( )bd t t??? (2)B， C (3 分 ) 27.(1) ② 在量筒中滴入 N滴溶液 (1 分 ) ③ 在水面上先撒上痱子粉 (1 分 ) (2) 10?? (3 分 ) 28． (1) A， D (3 分 ) (2)見圖 (2 分 ) 29. 12 (1)③ ， ⑥ (各 1 分 ) (2)見圖 (2 分 ) (3)① 將滑動(dòng)觸頭移至最左端 ( 寫最小給分，最大不給分 ) (1 分 ) ③ 多次移動(dòng)滑動(dòng)觸頭，記錄相應(yīng)的 1G ， 2G 讀數(shù) 12,II (1 分 ) (4) 11( 1)r k R?? (3 分 ) 六．計(jì)算題 (共 50 分 ) 30.(10 分 ) 設(shè)初態(tài)壓強(qiáng)為 0p ， 膨脹后 A， B 壓強(qiáng)相等 ? (1 分 ) B 中氣體始末狀態(tài)溫度相等 0 0 0 ( 2 )Ap V p V V?? (3 分 ) ∴076AVV? (1 分 ) A 部分氣體滿足 0 0 0 00Ap V p VTT? （ 4 分） ∴ ? （ 1 分） 31． (12 分 ) (1)物體做勻加速運(yùn)動(dòng) 2012L at? (1 分 ) ∴ 22202 2 2 0 1 0 ( / )2La m st ?? ? ? （ 1 分） 由牛頓第二定律 F f ma?? （ 1 分 ） 30 2 10 10 ( )fN? ? ? ? (1 分 ) ∴ 10 0 .52 1 0fmg? ? ? ?? (1 分 ) (2)設(shè) F 作用的最短時(shí)間為 t ，小車先以大小為 a 的加速度勻加速 t 秒，撤去外力后，以大小為 39。39。 （ 2 分） .c 16 20xx年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國(guó)統(tǒng)一考試 （北京卷） 英 語 本試卷共 16 頁，共 150 分。 例： What is the man going to read? A． A newspaper. B． A magazine. C． A book. 答案是 A。 8． What does the man think is the cause of the woman‘s illness? A． Last night‘s dinner. B． The hot weather. C． Bottled water. 9． What is the probable relationship between the two speakers? A． Husband and wife. B． Doctor and patient. C ． Guest and receptionist. 聽第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 題。 A “I Went Skydiving at 84!” As a young girl growing up in the 1930s, I always wanted to fly a plane, but back then it was almost unheard of a woman to do that. I got a taste of that dream in 20xx,when my husband arranged for me to ride in a hot air balloon for my birthday. But the experience turned out to be very dull. Around that time ,I told my husband that I wanted to skydive. So when our retirement munity（社區(qū)） announced that they were having an essay petition and the topic was an experience of a lifetime that you wanted to have, I decided to write about my dream. In the essay, I wrote about my desire to skydive, stating Gee Brush Sr. did it at age 80. Why not me? I was just 84 and in pretty good health. A year went by and I heard nothing. But then at a munity party in late April 20xx, they announced that I was one of the winners. I just couldn‘t believe it. Inspired by this, I decided to realize my dream, even though some of my 22 family members and my doctor were against it. One June 11, 20xx, nearly 40 of my family and friends gathered in the area close to where I would land while I headed up in the airplane. My instructor, Jay, guided me through the experience. The plane was the noisiest one I had ever been in, but I wasn‘t frightened—I was really just looking forward to the experience. When we reached 13,000 feet, Jay instructed me to throw myself out of the plane. When we first hit the air, the wind was so strong that I could hardly breathe. For a second I thought, ―What have I gotten myself into?‖ But then everything got calmer. We were in a free fall for about a minute before Jay opened the parachute（降落傘） , then we just floated downward for about five minutes. Being up in the clouds and looking at the view below was unlike anything I have ever felt—much better than the hot air balloon. I was just enjoying it. Skydiving was really one of the greatest experiences of my life. I hope other people will look at me and realize that you don‘t stop living just because you are 84 years old. If there‘s something you want to experience, look into it. If it‘s something that is possible, make it happen. 56． What happened to the author in 20xx? A． She flew an airplane B． She entered a petition C． She went on a hot air balloon ride D． She moved into a retirement munity 57． The author mentioned Gee Bush Sr. in her essay to