【正文】 快建設(shè)速度，降低成本。根據(jù)抗?jié)B實(shí)驗(yàn)解析結(jié)果，水泥堆石具有較低的抗?jié)B能力，水泥堆石的滲透系數(shù)從 210? 到 510? cm/s，所以面對(duì)上游水密應(yīng)考慮作為滲漏控制措施。當(dāng)總塑膠材料在 60～ 80公斤 /立方米，最優(yōu)用水量為 90公斤 /立方米。堆石是從河里的自然梯度。因 此，可以構(gòu)建正常的堆石壩，不必設(shè)置伸縮縫。 （ 4） 水泥堆石主要維持大壩壩體 不透水和保持大壩的穩(wěn)定，并把載荷傳遞到基地。從圖中顯示的水泥堆石的彈塑性行為，對(duì)水泥堆石的設(shè)計(jì)只有在彈塑性被認(rèn)為的范圍內(nèi)。 自從 20世紀(jì) 90年代，日本的工程師們做了很多工作發(fā)展 Hardfill技術(shù)，它有了自己特定的字符，被稱為南玻大壩。例如建筑材料的屬性是一種基本的因素要求。 最近的幾年因面板堆石壩明顯的優(yōu)越性，它的發(fā)展已廣泛地出現(xiàn)了。 改良型堆石也被稱為凝成堆石，這是一種石料與混凝土的混合，國(guó)外也在進(jìn)行研究。 在前人研究的基礎(chǔ)上，在此文件上，對(duì) 水泥堆石材料的特點(diǎn)以及水泥堆石大壩的設(shè)計(jì)和施工進(jìn)行了研究。良好的抗沖刷能力是這種壩型的突出優(yōu)點(diǎn)，這樣可以降低整個(gè)施工導(dǎo)流標(biāo)準(zhǔn)讓洪水通過(guò)，在大壩施工期間，提高安全性，有防滲作用，并允許在洪水期使用漫頂。水泥滲入量低，意味著降低水化熱和溫升較低。對(duì)于鞏固水泥起著重要的作用。研究結(jié)果表明，具有同樣的含水量，水泥堆石體積重量隨材料用量的增加而加強(qiáng)；當(dāng)一定量的塑料材料，首先作為容重隨用水量，水的消耗量超過(guò)最優(yōu)值，壓實(shí)密度降低。經(jīng)過(guò)混合的材料和消除超粒徑碎石，然后制成標(biāo)本，抗壓強(qiáng)度的結(jié)果非常接近實(shí)驗(yàn)室的測(cè)試結(jié)果。軋制厚度為 17厘米，振動(dòng)壓路機(jī)軋制 8倍。目前，雙梯度壓實(shí)碾壓混凝土傾向于在面板水泥堆石壩中占絕對(duì)優(yōu)勢(shì)，水泥堆石因有更大的變形模量和較高的抗剪強(qiáng)度，溢洪道可放置在壩體上。泥沙堆石混合壩更大的有點(diǎn)是安全、施工周期短和工程造價(jià)低。 the strength of CSG is relatively not stronger than concrete. On the other hand, because the stress occurred in a symmetrical trapezoidshaped dam is small。 and the spillway can be placed on the dam body because of the greater deformation modulus and higher shear strength of cementedrockfill. Figure 4. Face cementedrockfill dam (the dotted line in the figure shows the CFRD profile) The range of slope of FCRD is generally from 1: to 1:. The concrete impervious face in the upstream acts as a impervious barrier like CFRD. The FCRD has the advantages of greater safety, shorter construction period and lower construction cost. B. Cementedrockfill mixing dam(CRMD) As shown in figure 5, In CRMD, the cementedrockfill is arranged on the main rockfill zone, and the rockfill is arranged on the secondary rockfill zone. It is less project quantity and more safety pared to CFRD. 11 Figure5. Cementedrockfill mixing dam (the dotted line in the figure shows the CFRD profile) The range of upstream slope of CRMD is usually from 1: to 1: and the downstream slope similar with the CFRD. The concrete impervious face in the upstream area acts as an impervious barrier like CFRD. The CRMD has the advantages of greater safety, shorter construction period and lower construction cost. C. Characteristics of cementedrockfill dam (1) As cementedrockfill belongs to lower medium perability, that can not satisfy free drainage requirement, to ensure the dam safety, there need to set vertical drainage in dam upstream area and connect to horizontal drainage in the dam bottom so that can keep dry in the downstream area. (2) The perability of different area fill material should gradually increase from upstream to downstream and satisfy the hydraulic transition requirement. Generally, there need not to set filter and transition. (3) Upstream impervious face can adopt concrete face, but not limit in concrete material. Other economical and reliableimpervious materials such as asphalt concrete, geomembrane can be considered to improve its petition. In practical application, two graded aggregate RCC should be the first priority as its convenient construction, low cost and good antiseepage effect. 。 in rockfill, its strength can reach to 5 MPa (90d age), that can 8 satisfy 100 m high dam strength requirement. Lower cement mixing amount means lower hydration heat and smaller temperature rise. Therefore, the temperature stress is much smaller than RCCD. Besides, the dam has no antiseepage requirement。 （ 2） 穿透性的不同，區(qū)域的填充材料應(yīng)從上游至下游逐漸增加，滿足水力過(guò)渡的要求。在上游的混凝土防滲墻面就像一種泥沙