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g and neither do I. 3. 形容詞和副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí) (1) 兩個(gè)人或事物的比較時(shí) (不一定每一方只有一個(gè)人或一個(gè)事物 ),用比較 級(jí)。例如: He usually gets up early. I’ve never heard him singing. She is seldom ill. 3)程度副詞一般放在所修飾的形容詞和副詞的前面 , 但 enough作副詞用時(shí),通常放在被修飾詞的后面。常見的方式副詞有:anxiously, badly, bravely, calmly, carefully, proudly, rapidly, suddenly, successfully, angrily, happily, slowly, warmly, well, fast, slow, quick, hard, alone, high, straight, wide 等。 I have something important to tell you. Is there anything interesting in the film. (3) 用 and 或 or 連接起來的兩個(gè)形容詞作定語時(shí)一般把它們放在被修飾的名詞后面。s room(約翰和瑪麗共有一間); Tom and Mary39。 【 注意 】 如果兩個(gè)名詞并列,并且分別有 39。 walk, ten miles39。s room, students39。 ( 10)還有些名詞僅有復(fù)數(shù)形式,如: trousers, clothes, chopsticks,glasses, goods, ashes, scissors, passes。 【 注意 】與 man 和 woman 構(gòu)成的合成詞,其復(fù)數(shù)形式也是 men和 women。 ( 4)以輔音母加 y 結(jié)尾的詞變 “y”為 “i”再加 es,例如: city→cities, factory→factories, country→countries, family→families 。復(fù)數(shù)形式通常是在單數(shù)形式后加詞尾 “s”構(gòu)成,其主要變法如下: ( 1)一般情況在詞尾加 s,例如: book→books , girl→girls ,boy→boys , pen→pens,doctor→doctors, boy→boys 。 ( 6) 以 f 或 fe 結(jié)尾的詞,多數(shù)變 f 為 v 再加 es,例如:knife→knives , leaf→leaves, half→halves 。 ( 8)單數(shù)形式但其意為復(fù)數(shù)的名詞有: people, police 等。 1. 表示有生命的名詞的所有格其單數(shù)形式是加 39。s Day。 4. 無生命名詞的所有格則必須用 of 結(jié)構(gòu),例如: a map of China,the end of this term, the capital of our country, the color of the flowers。s bikes(兩人各自的自行車)。 4. 形容詞和副詞在句中的區(qū)別和位置。例如: He often es to school late. What are we going to do tomorrow? He is never been to Beijing. 2)地點(diǎn)副詞 地點(diǎn)副詞通常用來表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生的地點(diǎn)。例如: How are you getting along with your studies? Where were you yesterday? Why did you do that? (2)副詞在句中的位置 1)多數(shù)副詞作狀語時(shí)放在動(dòng)詞之后。例如: I don’t like the idea much. They did not talk much. 2) too, either 這兩個(gè)副詞都表示 “也 ”,但 too 用于肯定句, either 用于否定句。 It’s getting hotter and hotter. (5) 主語 +謂語 (系動(dòng)詞 )+as+形容詞原形 +as+從句。 The earth moves around the sun. Shanghai lies in the east of China. 3) 表示格言或警句中。ll help you as soon as you have problem. Te ll Xiao Li about it if you meet him. ( 2)一般過去時(shí)的用法: 表示過去某一時(shí)刻或某一段時(shí)間內(nèi)所發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或情況,通常一般過去式帶有表示動(dòng)作時(shí)間狀語的詞,詞組或從句 ,如 yesterday, the day before last, last week, two days ago 等 ,上下文清楚時(shí)可以不帶時(shí)間狀語。表示有職責(zé),義務(wù),可能,約定,意圖等。 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)常與 for 和 since 引導(dǎo)的短語或從句連用。 ( 1)被動(dòng)語態(tài) 1) 被動(dòng)語態(tài)最基本的句型結(jié)構(gòu)是: be +及物動(dòng)詞過去分詞 2) 被動(dòng)語態(tài)中的謂語動(dòng)詞一定要是及物動(dòng)詞 因?yàn)楸粍?dòng)句中的主語是動(dòng)作的承受者,某些短語動(dòng)詞如look after, think of, take care of, work out, laugh at等,也可用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)。 動(dòng)詞的非謂語形式分為動(dòng)名詞,分詞,動(dòng)詞不定式。 stop doing 停止做某事。 1) say 表示講話,作為及物動(dòng)詞使用,后跟賓語或賓語從句。 They can39。 How long can the recorder be kept? The farmer kept the pat for two weeks. (4) bring, take, carry 和 get 的用法。t like to wear a red flowers in her hair. 2) put on 是 “穿上 ”“戴上 ”的意思,可以用于穿衣服、穿鞋、戴帽等。 She always dresses well. Get up and dress quickly. Mary is dressing her child. (6) take, spend 和 use 的用法。 When the students got to the cinema, the film had begun. My sister was cooking when mother got home. 3) arrive 是不及物動(dòng)詞,表示到達(dá)一個(gè)小地方時(shí),用 arrive at, 到達(dá)一個(gè)大地方時(shí)用 arrive in。例如: A student wants to see you. A girl is waiting for you outside. (4) 表示 “每一 ”的意思,相當(dāng)于 every。例如: the Great Wall, the Summer palace, in the morning, in the open air 等。例如: I don’t feel well today, Mother. Bush was made president of the . (5) 三餐飯的名稱前,球類活動(dòng),學(xué)科和節(jié)目名詞前,常不用冠詞。例如: ten past ten, a quarter past nine, half past twelve 表示 “幾點(diǎn)差幾分 ”用介詞 to, 但分?jǐn)?shù)須在半小時(shí)以上。例如: three fourths, one second, two fifths ( 6)序數(shù)詞有時(shí)用縮寫形式: first→1st second→2nd third→3rd fourth→4th twentysecond→22nd 2021 屆中考英語專題復(fù)習(xí)五:代詞考點(diǎn)講解和訓(xùn)練 【考點(diǎn)直擊】 1. 人稱代詞主格、賓格形式及其主要用法; 2. 名詞性物主代詞與形容詞性物主代詞的形式、區(qū)別及其主要用法; 3 反身代詞的形式、意義及其主要用法; 4 常見不定代詞的一般用法; 5. 指示代詞的一般用法,并了解其在上下文中的指代用法; 6. 相互代詞的基本用法; 7. 疑問代詞的基本用法。作表語時(shí)用賓格。 1. this 和 these 一般用來指在時(shí)間或空間上較近的事物或人, that和 those 則指時(shí)間和空間上較遠(yuǎn)的事物或人,例如: This is a pen and that is a pencil. We are busy these days. In those days the workers had a hard time. 2. 有時(shí) that 和 those 指前面講到過的事物, this 和 these 則是指下面將要講 到的事物,例如: I had a cold. That39。 It doesn39。 any 多用于疑問句或否定句中, some 多用于肯定句中。 1) other 可以作形容詞用,后面可以跟單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)名詞,意思是 “其他的、別 的 ”。clock, but the others didn39。 each every 1)可單獨(dú)使用 1)不可單獨(dú)使用 2)可做代名詞、形容詞 2)僅作形容詞 3)著重 “個(gè)別 ” 3)著重 “全體 ”,毫無例外 4)用于兩者或兩者以上中的每一個(gè)人或物 4)用于三者或三者以上每一個(gè)人或物 The teacher gave a toy to each child. Each ball has a different colour. 當(dāng)我們說 each child, each student 或 each teacher 時(shí),我們想到的是一個(gè)人的情況。s all for today. (作表語 ) Why not eat all (of) the fish? (作賓語 ) All the leaders are here. (作定語 ) 2) both 作代詞。相互代詞有 each other 和one another 兩種形 式。s mistakes in their homework. (作定語) 七 . 疑問代詞 疑問代詞有 who, whom, whose, what 和 which 等。例如: The boy over there is John’s brother. (定語 ) The girl will be back in two hours. (狀語 ) Our English teacher is from Australia. (表語 ) Help yourself to some fish. (賓語補(bǔ)足語 ) 2. 常用介詞的用法辨析 ( 1)表時(shí)間的介詞 1) at, in on 表示時(shí)間點(diǎn)用 at。例如。表示在某個(gè)世紀(jì),某年,某月,某個(gè)季節(jié)以及早晨 ,上午,下午,晚上時(shí),用 in。例如: Who is going to e here tomorrow? (作主語) What is that? (作表語 ) Whose umbrella is this? (作定語 ) Whom are you waiting for? (作賓語 ) 八 .關(guān)系代詞 關(guān)系代詞是一種引導(dǎo)從句并起連接主句和從句作用的代詞。相互代詞可在句中作賓語,定語。 Lucy and Lily both agree with us. They both passed on their sticks at the same time. How are your parents? They39。 Every student loves the English teacher. = All students love the English teacher. Every child likes playing. = All children like playing. 5. all 和 both 的用法。clock. In our class only Tom is English, the others are Chinese. 5) another 可以作形容詞用,修飾后面的名詞,意為 “另一個(gè) ”,還可以跟代詞 one. You can see another ship in the sea, can39。t any other books except this one. 2) other 也可以用作代詞,與冠詞 the 連 用構(gòu)成 “the other”,表示兩個(gè)人或物中的 “另一個(gè) ”。t see any. If you have no money