外文翻譯--蒸汽發(fā)生器水位模糊控制研究(完整版)
【正文】 D. Fuzzy Reasoning and Solution This fuzzy inference system uses Mamdani. The basic properties of fuzzy inference system set to: and operation with a very small operation。但是蒸汽發(fā)生器的傳統(tǒng) PID 控制仍然存在著一些不足?？梢詫⑺浑S蒸汽流量或者給水流量變化而變化看作一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的一體化過(guò)程，蒸汽流量變化和給水流量變化對(duì)水 位的影響又是不同的。 傳統(tǒng) PID 控制器對(duì)于蒸汽發(fā)生器水位的控制效果不佳，存在“虛假液位”的現(xiàn)象，表現(xiàn)為跟蹤設(shè)定值時(shí)有較大的超調(diào)。 (3)模糊控制規(guī)則列表 模糊控制規(guī)則建立的原則是：當(dāng)偏差大，輸出控制量應(yīng)該優(yōu)先以盡快消除偏差為主；當(dāng)偏差小，輸出控制量應(yīng)優(yōu)先消除超調(diào)。 控制系統(tǒng)的系數(shù) k1=k2=。我們還給出了秦山核電站的蒸汽發(fā)生器的仿真，并獲得了令人滿意的效果。假設(shè)預(yù)期水位從 0m上升到 10m，水位響應(yīng)如圖 3 中的實(shí)線所示。模糊推理系統(tǒng)的基本屬性設(shè)置為：“與”算法為取小算法；“或”算法為取大算法。 k1， k2 是給水流量和蒸汽流量的傳感器的轉(zhuǎn)換系數(shù)。綜合以上兩個(gè)因素，當(dāng)蒸汽流量階躍增加以后，水位下降會(huì)有一個(gè)延遲的過(guò)程，表現(xiàn)為先上升后下降。模糊控制不需要知道被控對(duì)象的精確的數(shù)學(xué)模型，它對(duì)過(guò)程參數(shù)的變化并不敏感，魯棒性很強(qiáng)，能夠克服非線性因素，因此，模糊控制有更快的響應(yīng)速度，更小的超調(diào)，更好的控制效果。為了保證核電廠運(yùn)行的安全性，蒸汽發(fā)生器的水位必須控制在一定的范圍內(nèi)。 GS (s) for the effect of the steam flow (load) to the steam generator water level. The balance of the steam generator water level is maintained through the match between the water flow and steam flow. The process that water level changes with the steam flow or water flow changing can be regarded as a simple integration process, but impact of the water flow and steam flow ?s change on water level is different. A. Dynamics Characteristics under Water Flow Disturbance Suppose steam flow GS remains unchanged, and water flow GW step increases, on the one hand because the temperature of feed water is much lower than the temperature of saturated water in the steam generator, so that , when feed water entering, it will absorb a lot of extra heat, the vapor phase bubble contents will reduce, resulting in water level decreasing。 QW for the water flow。 or operation uses the maximum operation. Using a very small operation fuzzy implication, fuzzy rules integrated with great operations center Defuzzification method used. IV. SIMULATION EXAMPLES A pressurized water reactor steam generator in Chinese Qinshan nuclear power station has empirical model G1 (s), G2 (s) below: where Ps denote the rated load. When load at 15% ~ 90% Ps, use (6) and (8)。對(duì)于具有高度復(fù)雜，大滯后，非線性特征的蒸汽發(fā)生系統(tǒng)，不僅 PID 參數(shù)的調(diào)整單調(diào)乏味 ，控制效果也很差。 (1)給水流量擾動(dòng)下的動(dòng)態(tài)特性 假設(shè)蒸汽流量保持不變，而給水流量階躍增加，一方面，由于新增給水的溫度要比蒸汽發(fā)生器中的飽和水的溫度低很多，因此，當(dāng)新水進(jìn)
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