【正文】 he Larsen C ice shelf.B.There is no need to worry about climate change in Antarctica.B. （2）考查詞義猜測。 【點(diǎn)評】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，詞義猜測和推理判斷三個題型的考查，是一篇環(huán)境類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確掌握細(xì)節(jié)信息，同時根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，從而選出正確答案。 Millipedes are tricky. For starters they look wormy. Their name is deceptive, too: Their legs number about 750. Their major defense is to curl up into a ball. They, though, also release a harm eyes, and leave a horrible smell on their attackers.The vulture carries bacteria so that predators dare not get close to it.B.opossumsea hare【答案】 （1）C（2）B（3）C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了一些野生動物是如何進(jìn)行自身防御的。t have to fax anyone a death certificate. They just lie there with their tongues hanging out with the smell of dead flesh, sometimes for hours, effectively convincing potential predators they can find a much fresher meal elsewhere.”可知，負(fù)鼠假裝死亡，讓捕食者在其他地方找到更新鮮的食物，以避免成為捕食者的目標(biāo)。 【點(diǎn)評】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個題型的考查，是一篇科普類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。 For their study, biologist Corson Miller and his team exposes eleven selected dogs to digital images of women that were either angry or happy. Half the dogs were rewarded for touching the screen when shown a happy face, while the other half got their treat for selecting those that appeared angry. （1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。故選C。distinguish meaningful sounds（2）According to the passage, which of the following factors help shape language? A. making sounds of f and v is constantly chewing harder foodsD.food determines our thoughtC.根據(jù)第二段中的“New research suggests that the apparently arbitrary distribution of some sounds around the world may be partially explained by diet.”可知某些聲音在世界范圍內(nèi)的任意分布，部分可以用飲食來解釋。d rather think of language as product of our thought, rather than of the arrangement of our teeth. In reality, though, any given language must be both.”可知任何一種語言的誕生都必須同時具備思想和飲食這兩種因素的影響。s good for the planet, too.ine nations. said Paul Behrens, an environmental scientist at Leiden University in the Netherlands. However, following dietary guidelines would reduce those impacts, especially in wealthy countries like the US. Most of the reductions e from meat and dairy, which have an outsized impact on land use and pollution, and are a major source of greenhouse gases.(That39。t mention the diet explicitly for its impacts can be ignored.（2）What do the underlined words takes a big toll on new program concerning healthy eating for schools is likely to be based on national nutrition guidelines.D.t explicitly mention—environmental impacts, that you are going to have lower environmental impacts due to that.” 我們發(fā)現(xiàn)（營養(yǎng)膳食指南的）影響因國家而異，但總的來說，在影響力較大的國家，如果你遵循國家推薦的膳食指南，即使這些膳食并未明晰對環(huán)境的影響，或者大多數(shù)膳食沒有明確說明這一點(diǎn)，但是你對環(huán)境的影響會因?yàn)樽裱改隙鴾p輕。takes a big toll on固定短語，“付出了巨大的代價”，故選B。6．閱讀理解 re not alone. According to Smithsonian Magazine, around 20 percent of people in the world are especially tasty to mosquitoes. What about these people makes mosquitoes39。 As a result, people who simply exhale (呼出) more of the gas over time – generally, larger people – have been shown to attract more mosquitoes than others. This is why kids don39。In addition to carbon dioxide, the color of the clothes you wear also plays a role in attracting mosquitoes.s the article mainly about? new finding about mosquitoes. people can avoid mosquito bites. popular myth about mosquitoes. some people are more attractive to mosquitoes than others.【答案】 （1）C（2）B（3）B（4）D 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了為什么有些人可以整個夏天坐在戶外乘涼卻不被蚊子叮咬，而有些人一出門就好像要被蚊子吃掉一樣。故選B。為什么這些人非常吸引蚊子呢？可知，本文探討的話題是：為什么一些人比其他人更容易招蚊子。s heart rate and frequency of wing beats remained the same even as their metabolic rate dropped. Somehow, the birds managed to cool down their bloodthe measured blood temperature dropped so it could take in more oxygen, the researchers report today in eLife. This cooling likely helps pensate for the very thin air, the team says.To see how many calories they burned per hour.（2）What can we learn from the wind tunnel experiment? A.Whether they can manage to fly 8 hours to climb over Mount Everest.（4）Where does the text most probably e from? A.B.C.D.結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)這種鵝可以在氧氣極低的情況下飛行，但停留時間只有幾分鐘，因此能否飛過珠峰尚不明確。The geese managed to breathe less when their blood decreased.C. 【點(diǎn)評】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和主旨大意兩個題型的考查，是一篇科研類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Scientists remend that we use insect repellent and wear lightcolored clothing.”科學(xué)家建議我們使用驅(qū)蟲劑或者穿淺顏色的衣服。根據(jù)第四段中的“While flying along, they use their sense of smell to find possible targets. They find victims by smelling the carbon dioxide (CO2) breathed out by humans and animals. ”飛的時候，它們用嗅覺發(fā)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)。 s why you monly find them in crowded streets and parks. 根據(jù)第三段中的“A third of the ice173。 （2）考查詞義猜測。t effected much.【答案】 （1）C（2）B（3）A 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了營養(yǎng)指南對地球也有利。makes up for（3）Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A.takes full advantage ofhas a bad effect onshows signs of It seems that a smaller environmental footprint and a healthier lifestyle could go hand in hand.（1）Which of the following statement will Paul Behrens approve of? A.on effect on other areas of policy making. So if I39。 【點(diǎn)評】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和主旨大意兩個題型的考查，是一篇科研類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確掌握細(xì)節(jié)信息，同時根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行推理，歸納，從而選出正確答案。故選D。language consists of sound and meaning【答案】 （1）D（2）D（3）A（4）C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，人們一直以來認(rèn)為語言是思想的產(chǎn)物，但是有新的研究表明飲食對于語言也會產(chǎn)生一些影響。B. Hunter gatherer languages very seldom use the sounds known as labiodentals (唇齒音)－those such as f and v－that are made by touching the lower lip with the upper teeth. Only two of the hundreds of Australian aboriginal languages use them, for example. But in cultures that have discovered farming, these consonants (輔音) are much more mon. The argument goes that farmers eat more cooked food and more dairy than hunter gatherers. Either way, they need to chew mush less, and to bite less with their front teeth. So farmers grew up with smaller lower jaws and m