【正文】 b)；矩形波頻率超過此臨界值后，繞組中的電流不能達(dá)到最大值(c)。片內(nèi)總線時(shí)鐘時(shí)鐘程序儲存器數(shù)據(jù)儲存器I/O口定時(shí)/計(jì)數(shù)器單片機(jī)應(yīng)用系統(tǒng)根據(jù)系統(tǒng)擴(kuò)展和系統(tǒng)配置的狀況，可以分為最小應(yīng)用系統(tǒng)、最小功耗系統(tǒng)、典型應(yīng)用系統(tǒng)。表21 AT89C51的主要參數(shù)型號存儲器定時(shí)器I/0串行口中斷速度（MH）其他特點(diǎn)E178。AT89C52是一種帶4K字節(jié)閃爍可編程可擦除只讀存儲器（FPEROM—Falsh Programmable and Erasable Read Only Memory）的低電壓，高性能CMOS8位微處理器，俗稱單片機(jī)。在FIASH編程時(shí)，P0口作為原碼輸入口，當(dāng)FIASH進(jìn)行校驗(yàn)時(shí)，P0輸出原碼，此時(shí)P0外部必須被拉高。在給出地址“1”時(shí)，它利用內(nèi)部上拉優(yōu)勢，當(dāng)對外部八位地址數(shù)據(jù)存儲器進(jìn)行讀寫時(shí)，P2口輸出其特殊功能寄存器的內(nèi)容。當(dāng)振蕩器復(fù)位器件時(shí)，要保持RST腳兩個(gè)機(jī)器周期的高電平時(shí)間。另外，該引腳被略微拉高。XTAL1：反向振蕩放大器的輸入及內(nèi)部時(shí)鐘工作電路的輸入。⑤芯片擦除：整個(gè)EPROM陣列和三個(gè)鎖定位的電擦除可通過正確的控制信號組合，并保持ALE管腳處于低電平10ms來完成。該集成電路采用了SGS公司的模擬/數(shù)字兼容的I2L技術(shù)，使用5V的電源電壓，全部信號的連接都與TFL/CMOS或集電極開路的晶體管兼容。固本次設(shè)計(jì)應(yīng)采用CPU間接驅(qū)動(dòng)步進(jìn)電機(jī)，采用L297和L298并用。根據(jù)檢測原理，編碼器可分為光學(xué)式、磁式、感應(yīng)式和電容式。在單片機(jī)系統(tǒng)中應(yīng)用非常普遍。每個(gè)發(fā)光二極管的陽極通過電阻與輸入端相連。78系列集成穩(wěn)壓器輸出穩(wěn)定，漂移小，精度也比較高。整流電路將交流電壓變?yōu)槊}沖的直流電壓，常用的整流電路有單相半波，全波，橋式和倍壓整流電路。最常用的元件是電容。 驅(qū)動(dòng)部分電路四、按鍵電路設(shè)計(jì)鍵盤在單片機(jī)應(yīng)用系統(tǒng)中能實(shí)現(xiàn)向單片機(jī)輸入數(shù)據(jù)、傳送命令等功能，是人工干預(yù)單片機(jī)的主要手段。各個(gè)開關(guān)都接有數(shù)碼管，表示此操作正常，這樣更好的讓我們視角上能夠感受。②輸出系統(tǒng)：使各輸出信號混亂，不能反映微機(jī)系統(tǒng)的真實(shí)輸出量。③電源系統(tǒng)的干擾大部分是高次諧波，然后接穩(wěn)壓器件，以保持電源穩(wěn)定。單片機(jī)接受鍵盤信息，改變系統(tǒng)內(nèi)部變量值，輸出脈沖信號，控制步進(jìn)電機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)，再根據(jù)步進(jìn)電機(jī)實(shí)際轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)值，控制數(shù)碼管顯示。開始保護(hù)現(xiàn)場輸出控制模塊指向下一個(gè)控制模塊方式取控制模塊關(guān)中斷恢復(fù)起始控制臺模塊是控制模塊結(jié)束標(biāo)志否？是否恢復(fù)現(xiàn)場禁止定時(shí)中斷步數(shù)夠否？返回否是 轉(zhuǎn)速快慢程序流程圖第五節(jié) 顯示子程序設(shè)計(jì)顯示器件用以顯示系統(tǒng)的整個(gè)運(yùn)行狀態(tài)。在系統(tǒng)上電復(fù)位后程序自動(dòng)運(yùn)行，通過接受外部的鍵盤操作修改系統(tǒng)參數(shù)值，控制步進(jìn)電機(jī)的啟動(dòng)/停止、正轉(zhuǎn)/反轉(zhuǎn)、加速/減速；定時(shí)器T0根據(jù)系統(tǒng)參數(shù)控制步進(jìn)電機(jī)的轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)；實(shí)現(xiàn)步進(jìn)電機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)速度的動(dòng)態(tài)顯示。感謝老師對我孜孜不倦的指導(dǎo)，幫我擺正做畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)的態(tài)度，教我做事情的方法，這些在我以后的工作生活中都將起到很好的指導(dǎo)作用。Fivephase hybrid stepping motor is generally , the motor step angle small, high resolution, but the plexity of drive circuits,wiring problems, such as the 5phase system of 10 lines. Threephase hybrid stepping motor step angle of degrees, butaccording to the use of degrees, the threephase hybrid stepping motor has a twophase mixed than the fivephase hybrid more pole willhelp electric folder symmetric angle, it can be more than twophase, fivephase high accuracy, the error even smaller, run more smoothly. Stepper motor to maintain torque: stepper motor power means no rotation, the stator locked rotor torque. It is a stepper motor, one ofthe most important parameters, usually in the lowspeed stepper motortorque at the time of close to maintain the torque. As the stepper motor output torque increases with the speed of constant attenuation, the output power also increases with the speed of change, so as to maintain torque on the stepper motor to measure the parameters of one ofthe most important. For example, when people say that the stepper motor , in the absence of special circumstances that means for maintaining the torque of the stepper motor . Precision stepper motors: stepper motor step angle accuracy of 35%, not cumulative. Start frequency of noload: the stepper motor in case of noload to the normal start of the pulse frequency, if the pulse frequency ishigher than the value of motor does not start, possible to lose stepsor blocking. In the case of the load, start frequency should be lower. If you want to achieve highspeed rotation motor, pulse frequency should be to accelerate the process, that is, the lower frequency to start, and then rose to a certain acceleration of the desired frequency (motor speed from low rise to highspeed). Step angle: that is to send a pulse, the electrical angle corresponding to rotation. Torque positioning: positioning torque stepper motor does not refer to the case of electricity, locked rotor torque stator. Operating frequency: stepbystep stepper motor can run without losing the highest frequency. Subdivision Drive: stepper motor drives the main aim is to weakenor eliminate lowfrequency vibration of the stepper motor to improve the accuracy of the motor running. Reduce noise. If the step angle 176。 At the same time, you can by controlling the pulse frequency to control the motor rotation speed and acceleration,so as to achieve the purpose of speed. Stepper motor directly from the ACDC power supply, and must use special equipment stepper motor drive. Stepper motor drive system performance, in addition to their own performance with the motor on the outside, but also to a large extent depend on the drive is good or bad. A typical stepper motor drive system is operated by the stepper motor controller, stepper motor drives and stepper motor body is posed of three parts. Stepper motor controller stepper pulse and direction signal, each made of a pulse, stepper motordriven stepper motordrives a rotor rotating step angle, that is, stepbystep further. High or low speed stepper motor, or speed, or deceleration, start or stop pulses are entirely dependent on whether the level or frequency. Decide the direction of the signal controller stepper motor clockwise or counterclockwise rotation. Typically, the stepper motor drive circuit from the logic control, power driver circuit, protection circuit and power ponents. Stepper motor drive controller, once received from the direction of the signal and step pulse, the control circuit on a predetermined way of the electrical powerphase stepper motor excitation windings of the conduction or cutoff signal. Control circuit output signal power is low, can not provide the necessary stepping motor output power, the need for power amplifier, which is stepper motor driven power drive part. Power stepper motor drive circuit to control the input current winding to form a space for rotating magnetic field excitation, the rotordriven movement. Protection circuit in the event of short circuit, overload, overheating, such as failure to stop the rapid drive and motor. Motor is usually for the permanent magnet rotor, when the currentflows through the stator windings, the stator windings produce a magnetic field vector. The magnetic field will lead to a rotor angle of rotation, making a pair of rotor and stator magnetic field direction of the magnetic field direction. When the stator rotating magnetic field vector from a different angle. Also as the rotor magnetic field toa point of view. An electrical pulse for each input, the motor rotation angle ste