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個考點(diǎn),是歷年高考的熱點(diǎn),掌握定語從句對于語言理解和運(yùn)用具有重要的意義。tseethatthenheretg看來他們不知道往哪去。tthinInu 我想我并不認(rèn)識你。Thethughtaethithatarhadprbablfallenill他想到可能瑪麗生病了。Thatishhedidn’tettheeeting那就是他為什么不到會的原因。例如:edn’tthinuarehere我們認(rèn)為你不在這。此外,hether與if在作“是否”的意思講時(shí)在下列情況下一般只能用hether,不用if:a引導(dǎo)主語從句并在句首時(shí);b引導(dǎo)表語從句時(shí);引導(dǎo)從句作介詞賓語時(shí);d從句后有“rnt”時(shí);e后接動詞不定式時(shí)。注意:在deand、rder、suggest、deide、insist,desire,request,and等表示要求、命令、建議、決定等意義的動詞后,賓語從句常用“(shuld)+動詞原形”。2.從結(jié)構(gòu)入手,分析名詞性從句和狀語從句之間的關(guān)系及區(qū)別。ll have a sunny day 。注意:若謂語動詞為hope,賓語從句中的否定詞不能轉(zhuǎn)移。用it作形式主語的that從句有以下四種不同的搭配關(guān)系: + be +形容詞+ that從句 It is necessary that… 有必要…… It is important that… 重要的是…… It is obvious that… 很明顯…… + be +ed 分詞+ that從句 It is believed that… 人們相信…… It is known to all that… 從所周知…… It has been decided that… 已決定…… + be +名詞+ that從句It is mon knowledge that… ……是常識 It is a surprise that… 令人驚奇的是……It is a fact that… 事實(shí)是…… +不及物動詞+ that分句 It appears that… 似乎…… It happens that… 碰巧……It occurred to me that… 我突然想起……It is quite clear that the whole project is doomed to ,整個計(jì)劃注定要失敗。例如:The reason why he was late was that he missed the train by one minute this morning.【點(diǎn)撥】whether 可引導(dǎo)表語從句,但與之同義的if卻通常不用于引導(dǎo)表語從句。引導(dǎo)表語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞與引導(dǎo)主語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞大致一樣,表語從句位于連系動詞后,有時(shí)用as if引導(dǎo)。I wonder whether he will e or 。whom, which, whose, what, when, where, why, how, whoever, whatever, whichever等關(guān)聯(lián)詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句相當(dāng)于特殊疑問句,應(yīng)注意句子語序要用陳述語序。常用句型如下:(1)It + be + 名詞 + that從句(2)It + be + 形容詞 + that從句(3)It + be + 動詞的過去分詞 + that從句(4)It + 不及物動詞 + that 從句另注意在主語從句中用來表示驚奇、不相信、惋惜、理應(yīng)如此等語氣時(shí),謂語動詞要用虛擬語氣“(should)+do”,常用的句型有:It is necessary(important, natural, strange, etc.)that … It is a pity(a shame, no wonder, etc.)that…It is suggested(requested, proposed, desired, etc.)that…賓語從句名詞句用作賓語的從句叫賓語從句。主語從句通常由從屬連詞that,whether,if和連接代詞what,who,which,whatever,whoever以及連接副詞how,when,where,why等詞引導(dǎo)。3.加強(qiáng)名詞性從句引導(dǎo)詞各自意義,用法,特點(diǎn)的辨析。第一篇:2010高考二輪復(fù)習(xí)英語教案——專題九 名詞性從句2010高考二輪復(fù)習(xí)英語教案專題九 名詞性從句【專題要點(diǎn)】名詞性從句考點(diǎn)概覽:;;;;; ;;。2.從結(jié)構(gòu)入手,分析名詞性從句和狀語從句之間的關(guān)系及區(qū)別。It is not important who will is still unknown which team will win the 主語從句作句子主語的從句叫主語從句。主語從句后的謂語動詞一般用單數(shù)形式。The mander ordered that troops(should)set off at 。The question is whether she should have a low opinion of the test? Everything depends on whether we have enough 。表語從句在句中作表語的從句叫表語從句。需要注意的,當(dāng)主語是reason時(shí),表語從句要用that引導(dǎo)而不是because。試比較下面兩個例句: I had no idea that you were here.(that引導(dǎo)同位語從句,不能省略)Have you got the idea(that)this book gives you of life in ancient Greece?(that引導(dǎo)定語從句,作賓語,可以省略)That從句作主語通常用it作先行詞,而將that從句置于句末。 t believe he will 。t appear that we39。造成丟分,為此,在復(fù)習(xí)備考中教師可以按照如下要求做好指導(dǎo):扎實(shí)做好名詞性從句基本用法的復(fù)習(xí);2.小心辨析,采用對比分析法,從結(jié)構(gòu)和句意兩方面分析定語從句和名詞性從句,尤其是定語從句和同位語從句的區(qū)別。eustneverthinearegdineverthinghilethersaregdinnthing我們決不能認(rèn)為自己什么都好,別人什么都不好。3用hether或if引導(dǎo)的賓語從句,其主語和謂語的順序也不能顛倒,仍保持陳述句語序。即將從句中的否定形式移到主句中。Thisishereurprblelies這就是我們的問題所在。Ihavenideahenheillebahe我不知道他什么時(shí)候回來。Idn39。Itdesn39?!窘谭ㄖ敢慷ㄕZ從句是高中英語學(xué)習(xí)的重要語法項(xiàng)目之一,在高考各個題型中都有可能會涉及到。一、關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句句子成分用于限制從句或非限制性從句只用于限制性從句代替人代替物代替人或物 主語Whowhichthat 主語Whomwhichthat 賓語Whose(=of whom)whose(=of which)This is the detective who came from book which I am reading is written by Tomas desk whose leg is broken is very is the room that Shakespeare was born (1)如果先行詞是all,much,anything,something,nothing,everything,little,none等不定代詞,關(guān)系代詞一般只用that,: All the people that are present burst into tears.(2)如果先等詞被形容詞最高級以及first,last,any,only,few,mush,no,some,very等詞修飾,關(guān)系代詞常用that,不用which,who,:(3)非限制性定語從句中,不能用關(guān)系代詞that,作賓語用的關(guān)系代詞也不能省略。(7)如果作先作詞的集體名詞著眼于集體的整體,關(guān)系代詞用which;若是指集體中的各個成員,則用who.(8)先行詞有兩個,一個指人,一個指物,:The boy and the dog that are in the picture are very lovely.(9)如果先行詞是anyone,anybody,everyone,everybody,someone,somebody,關(guān)系代詞應(yīng)該用 who 或whom,: Is there anyone here who will go with you? 3.“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”是一個普遍使用的結(jié)構(gòu)(1)“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”可以引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句,也可以引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。三、限制性定語從句與非限制性定語從句 限制定語從句緊跟先行詞,同先行詞這間一般不加逗號,僅修飾先行詞,可以由關(guān)系代詞。s nose is like a snake,as anybody can see.(3)the samethat與 the sameas在意思上是不同的?!窘谭ㄖ敢糠侵^語動詞包括不定式、ving形式和過去分詞,是高中英語學(xué)習(xí)的難點(diǎn),也是高考考查的重點(diǎn)。(具體)(2)動名詞作主語時(shí),通常用以表示一件已知的事或經(jīng)驗(yàn)。2)如果主語是不定式(表示條件),表語也是不定式(表示結(jié)果)。His hobby is collecting stamps.他的愛好是集郵。The argument is very convincing.他的論點(diǎn)很令人信服。Don39。I didn39。I need a pen to write with.我需要一支筆寫字。He is always the first to e and the last to leave. 他總是第一個到來,最后一個離去。例如:Do you want to see the doctor to be sent for from Beijing? 你要見那位將從北京請來的醫(yī)生嗎?Do you want to see the doctor working on the case report in the office? 你要見那位正在辦公室里寫病歷的醫(yī)生嗎? 5.不定式和分詞作狀語的區(qū)別(1)現(xiàn)在分詞與過去分詞作狀語的區(qū)別。(2)動詞不定式和分詞作狀語的區(qū)別1)分詞作狀語一般表示伴隨,而不定式常常表示目的。ll learn something new.只要你仔細(xì)閱讀,你會學(xué)到一些新的東西。如:When to start has not been decided.何時(shí)動身尚未決定。這類詞有: feel 覺得 observe 注意到,看到 overhear聽到 watch注視 listen to聽 perceive察覺,感知 notice注意 see看見 look at看 hear聽On seeing the young child fell into the lake,Eric sprang to his feet,and went on the )另一類是某些使役動詞,如make, let,have等。There was nothing for them to do but to remain silent.除了保持沉默以外,他們沒有別有別的辦法。He dislikes his wife39。Seeing is 。It is expensive running this car.開這種小車是浪費(fèi)。其實(shí),雖然叫做獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu),并不是真正的獨(dú)立,它還是一種從屬分句,在句中有多種作用。(名詞+-ed。還應(yīng)該注意,分詞結(jié)構(gòu)的邏輯主語不是總和主句的主語一致,而是主句的其他成分。supposing等等。to be frank。這種結(jié)構(gòu)也可用一個從句或并列分句來表達(dá)。(=If many trees,flowers,and grass are planted,our newlybuilt school will look even more beautiful.)B.ing形式“獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)”動詞的ing形式作狀語時(shí),其邏輯主語一般應(yīng)與句子的主語保持一致。t afford any ,有這多的作業(yè)要批,我真的抽不出時(shí)間。Such an able man to help you,you will surely succeed sooner or , 你遲早一定會成功的。這些短語有:to be honest。(懸垂分詞)六、獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)與獨(dú)立成分的異同:有的分詞短語可以獨(dú)立存在,在句子中沒有邏輯上的主語,實(shí)際上已經(jīng)成了習(xí)慣短語。(名詞+不定式;表時(shí)間)五、獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)與分詞短語作狀語的異同:獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)與分詞短語都可以轉(zhuǎn)化成狀語從句。四、舉例:There being nothing else to do, they gone ,他們離開了。這種結(jié)構(gòu)在形式上與主句沒有關(guān)系,通常稱為“獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)”。It is a waste of time trying to explain.設(shè)法解釋是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間。間或也可用for + there to be表示(而且there后面的不定式只能是to be)。例如: It was wise of him to do that.他那樣做是明智的。3)在do nothing/anything/everything but(except)結(jié)構(gòu)中。(表語)I can tell you where to get this 。(原因)(3)下面一些句型是不定式做狀語時(shí)候應(yīng)該注意的:a:not/never too?to, too?not to , but/only too? to, too ready/eager/apt/inclined to 表示肯定意義b:做結(jié)果狀語的不定式只能出現(xiàn)在句子的末尾,常見的不定式動詞有:find, hear, see, be told, form, give, make, produce