【正文】 etter be “888” , “666”or “999” expressing a kind of “ lucky and good wishes.” In Chinese culture “8” is the homophonic with “發(fā) ”, which means success while “6” corresponds to the homophonic of “六六大順 ” which has the meaning of satisfactory and gratification. “9” means permanence and eternity because of its homophonic sound in Chinese such meanings and connotation express the idea of happiness, luck and success. These numbers therefore bee the lucky numbers. But “4”is the homophonic of “ death” in Chinese. So people try to avoid this number. Let39。s life is like in the target culture. With the popularity of TV, they can obtain news all over the world, watch and enjoy movies in original versions of the target language at Home. Such movies help foreign language learners with their vocabulary, listening ability as well as their awareness of cultural differences. Form the observation thro ugh the media, the features of everyday situations will impress them, such as, sightseeing, telephoning, shopping, or asking directions. What they have learned from books can be verified by the performance of the native speakers. While enjoying the attractive performance, language learners have to observe details of everyday situations, in case of greeting, farewell, pliment, apology, requirement, etc. Though the media people can learn the polite behavior, etiquette, means to solve conflicts, techniques of 11 negotiation, debates, ways of show love, dating and so on. Movies can also improve crosscultural munication by conveying the important values, munication styles and so on. After watching movies, foreign language learners may take notes of their observations, and supplement the findings and talk with those who have shared the same movies so that they can apply what they have learned to real crosscultural munication someday. . Attending lectures on cultures Learners should attend lectures on cultures given by foreign teachers or those who have experience in foreign countries. Some lectures may be centered on the target culture while others may be a parison between two cultures. Whichever lecture the learners attend, it may increase their cultural awareness through the description of different cultures and the techniques for proper behavior in crosscultural munication. Participating in discussions after the lecture will reinforce the cultural information they have got from the lecture. What39。有些社會學(xué)家認(rèn)為，語言是文化的基石—— 沒有語言，就沒有文化；從另一個方面看，語言又受文化的影響，反映文化。至于其他，如生活方式、衣著打扮、舉止行為、飲食習(xí)性等等則不贅述。 學(xué)習(xí)一種外語不僅要掌握語音、語法、詞匯和習(xí)語，而且還要知道這種語言的人如何看待事物，如何觀察世界；要了解他們?nèi)绾斡盟麄兊恼Z言來反映他們社會的思想、習(xí)慣、行為；要懂得他們的“心靈之語言”，即了解他們社會的文化。s life. Establish a right attitude toward cultural different Attitude is a manner of feeling and behaving. It can form a part of one39。s perception of self, of others, and of the culture in which one is living. A foreign language learner should set up a right attitude toward different culture. For example, to be openminded to them. Prejudice should be avoided. Prejudice in culture refers to an intolerant, unfair or biased attitude toward another culture. Regardless of the existence of Prejudice, crosscultural munication may bee difficult because it stands in the way of acquired knowledge in it. When facing a new culture, people should be flexible and able to adapt themselves to the new situation. being openminded to cultural difference is a prerequisite to a successful munication with native speakers. . Reading extensively Having the successful munication is the main purpose of English. The cultural information that the students need in authentic munication greatly exceeds that covered in any courses. To developed people39。re red flag on the globe, in the brand, such brand was considered to be dangerous and rebellions, so the people in western countries were unwilling to buy it. After learning this different custom the Chinese omitting the red flag. Of course, the situation turn good as well. The understand ring of white is similar while it symbolizes purification and sincerity in western culture, bride often wears wedding dress in white. In addition, white is also marked by good luck and happiness. On the contrary, white in Chinese express purification in today39。 they express their feeling frankly and directly. If an Englishspeaking hostess is plimented for her cooking skill, she likely to say: “I am so glad that you liked it.” But to a Chinese hostess, she likely to say: “oh, no! Where, where… I just made some dishes casually and they are not very tasty.” which made his foreign friend embarrassed. Appropriate pliments can serve as effective supplementary means in interpersonal munication. So when we meet our friends, we’d better accept their pliments directly. . Apologies and Responses Apologies are a necessary part of daily life, as to how to offer apologies, both English and Chinese people may say: “I am sorry…” , “I apologize f