【正文】 quire helping students make better choices about which college to attend and what to study—and about whether a purely academic path right after high school is best for them. Evidence is accumulating that restructuring developmental education, by tailoringrequirements to what students plan to study and integrating this work with forcredit classes, can increase academic success. More dollars for students to cover their expenses are, of course, important. But simplifying the financialaid system, making it more flexible, and building in better motives for student performance could make it much more effective. Experiments that allow financial aid to be used for noncredit programs in highdemand fields, with carefully designed limits to protect program quality and integrity, have the potential to strengthen opportunities for students. Early education for all students about careers and the labor market is essential to helping students reach their goals, as is developing a range of highquality career and technical pathways that start in high school—including apprenticeships(學(xué)徒 )and other forms of workbased learning—so students with weaker academic skills can also earn qualifications and get good jobs. Policy makers and postsecondary institutions have a responsibility to implement constructive change。 every sentence he writes seems to suggest a joy. In his memoirs, however, he creates a shell around that feeling. He presents a life that, despite its hardships (in the early part of his career he often felt hungry because he wasn’t eating enough), is definitely attractive. Wandering around the streets of Paris, sitting in caf233。 10. What is the woman tired of? A. Sitting on packing cases. B. Packing up cases. C. Going shopping. 11. What does the man worry about? A. They cannot find secondhand chairs. B. New chairs are very expensive. C. Old chairs are cheap but shaky. 12. What day is it today? A. Friday. B. Saturday. C. Sunday. 聽(tīng)第 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 16 題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。 第一節(jié) （共 5 小題；每小題 1 分，滿分 5 分） 聽(tīng)下面 5段對(duì)話。 聽(tīng)第 6 段材料，回答第 7 題。 A GOT OLD PHONES? HERE’S HOW TO REUSE, RECYCLE OR SELL THEM It’s natural to get the phoneupgrade thirst when the likes of Apple, Samsung and others keep ing out with newer models. But what do you do with a serviceable but outdated device? Here’s a guide for figuring out what you might do with last year’s model (or even older ones). DONATE TO CHARITY Several charities accept old phones as a donation. But these groups probably won’t physically give your old phones to people in need. Instead, they’ll often sell your phone to recyclers and keep the money which goes towards daily management. Nearly 60 percent of the phones charities collect are resold, according to a recent survey. They will pay for shipping if you are mailing three or more phones. SELL SELL SELL Once new models e out, older ones will flood onto eBay and other resale sites. How much money you can make off your old phone depends on the brand and how much wear and tear it’s seen. The resale site Gazelle, for example, is offering $140 for a Verizonready Samsung Galaxy S7 in “good” condition. What does “good” mean? The phone has no cracks on the screen or body, powers on and makes calls, and is free of major scratches. A “perfect” phone that looks like it’s never been used will land you $15 more. REUSE, REPURPOSE Even without cellular service, your old phone will be able to get on WiFi, so you can use it to post on Facebook or do pretty much anything else you want provided you are in WiFi range. Keep it for yourself, give it to a broke friend, or load it up with kidfriendly apps and games and hand it down to your children. Or just keep it as a backup in case something horrible happens to your main phone. 56. Why do charities choose to sell a large proportion of their donations? A. Their management has made such a decision. B. They need the earnings to cover their daily expenses. C. The donations they have received exceed what they need. D. They can earn more profits without paying for shipping. 57. Which of the following is TRUE about old models? A. Old models crowd onto online resale sites before new models are launched. B. The better condition old models are in, the higher price they will fetch. C. The old models handed down to your kids should be able to get on WiFi. D. You should always have an old model at hand in case your main phone fails. B The idea of exploring the past through the human history of a single crop has been around for a while. What is striking about James Walvin’s new book is that, while focusing only on sugar, it does not restrict itself to the past. Rather, the book takes the story of perhaps the most popular crop of all time and brings it disturbingly into the present day. Walvin begins his research where most of us begin our relationship with the stuff: the sweet shops of childhood memory. If sugar is a guilty pleasure then it is one with which almost every one of us is drunk on a daily basis. The unstoppable march of sugar raises the question: why? After all, sugar cane(甘蔗 )is difficult to grow and the processes of refinement and clarification required to produce eatable sugar are timeconsuming and expensive. Yet, as Walvin explains, sugar has one enormous temptation: it satisfies our seemingly born desire for sweet tastes, but the satisfaction that sugar provides es at a terrible cost, both to those who produce it and those who consume it. Sugar changed world history more profoundly than any other crop. It fuelled the Atlantic slave trade and the African wars. We’re familiar with the story of how millions of enslaved Africans were transported to the Caribbean, the US and Brazil, but the growing global demand for sugar also led to the migrations of other groups. The pr