【正文】 4） ~：一組帶有 上拉電阻的 I/O 口，但其部分引腳的第二功能更常被使用到，如表 31 所示： 表 31 P3 口引腳的第二功能 引腳號 引腳名稱 第二功能 RXD 串行輸入 TXD 串行輸出 INT0 外部中斷 0 INT1 外部中斷 1 T0/INT 定時器 0 外部輸入 T1/INT 定時器 1 外部輸入 WR 外部數(shù)據(jù)存儲器允許寫 RD 外部數(shù)據(jù)存儲器允許讀 （ 5） RST：復(fù)位引腳，通過檢測按鍵是否按下控制單片機(jī)的復(fù)位， RST 引腳上 連續(xù)出現(xiàn)兩個機(jī)器周期或以上的高電平將使得單片機(jī)復(fù)位。 STC12C5A60S2 單片機(jī) STC12C5A60S2 的簡介 單片機(jī)即是 一種 嵌入式的微控制器，它將一個計(jì)算機(jī)系統(tǒng)集成到一塊芯片上 ，集成度家庭安防巡邏定位系統(tǒng)的 設(shè)計(jì) （硬件部分） 7 高，速度快 。 其中 利用 DHT11 溫濕度傳感器模塊是 可以將采集到的溫度和濕度信息直接轉(zhuǎn)換成數(shù)字信號后 ，進(jìn)而能 反饋給單片機(jī)， 且煙霧傳感器 采集 到的數(shù)字信號也能發(fā)送給單片機(jī) ， 并用光電開關(guān)采集到的數(shù)字信號反饋給單片機(jī)來達(dá)到檢測大門開關(guān)狀態(tài)的目的。 （ 4）提高可靠性 在系統(tǒng)功能完善的基礎(chǔ)上，盡可能的提高系統(tǒng)的可靠性，穩(wěn)定性。 （ 5）使用四路光電循跡模塊對房屋巡邏路線精確循跡。本設(shè)計(jì)在程序設(shè)計(jì)中又 引入 了 模塊化 的 設(shè)計(jì) 思想，從而使 整個的 系統(tǒng)整體更簡潔、完善。二是行業(yè)的企業(yè)規(guī)模大，產(chǎn)業(yè)高度集中。大到政府、企業(yè)辦公寫字樓，小到別墅、公寓、倉庫，甚至街頭小店， 這些 幾乎都與當(dāng)?shù)鼐只虬卜拦韭?lián)網(wǎng) 。 課題的研究現(xiàn)狀 課題在國外的研究現(xiàn)狀 在 20 世紀(jì)時 ，美國 建成 了世界上 的 第一座智能大廈 。s GDP has ranked second in the world,most families have already entered a moderately prosperous society,increase revenue property of residents,but social instability are still the protection of personal and property safety of the people have urgent needs, security needs of more and more and more and security patrol positioning system came into being in this environment,the liberation of the labor force,making security management toward scientific, unmanned, automated trend. This design presents a microcontroller based on RFID technology and smart security patrol STC12C5A60S2 positioning system uses STC12C5A60S2 MCU as the master core, driving the car with the motor drive module, carried by four infrared tracking tracking module, with DHT11 temperature and humidity sensor inside the room temperature and humidity for the collection, use smoke gas sensor for indoor smoke alarm with photoelectric switch housing door switch status monitoring, and through RFID module to locate the room, various sensors to collect information on the parameters for each room back to the microcontroller, the microcontroller processes the data sent via GSM module phone homeowner.. The system is reliable, low cost, and can be realized by only a number of hardware circuit sensor and microcontroller. It establishes the munication between acquisition terminal and client, control threeway relay switch in accordance with the requirements of the client. The system achieves realtime monitoring and regulation of the greenhouse environment, to improve the best environment for the crops in order to achieve the purpose of high yield and quality. Key words: STC12C5A60S2, RFID, GSM, Security, Location III 目 錄 摘 要 ........................................................................................................................................ I Abstract ................................................................................................................................... II 目 錄 ......................................................................................................................................III 第 1 章 緒論 ........................................................................................................................... 1 課題的背景 .............................................................................................................. 1 課題的研究現(xiàn)狀 ...................................................................................................... 1 課題在國外的研究現(xiàn)狀 ............................................................................... 1 課題在國內(nèi)的研究現(xiàn)狀 ................................................................................ 2 課題研究的意義 ...................................................................................................... 2 設(shè)計(jì)的主要任務(wù) ...................................................................................................... 2 第 2 章 系統(tǒng)方案的提出 ....................................................................................................... 4 系統(tǒng) 設(shè)計(jì)思想 ........................................................................................................... 4 系統(tǒng)方案概述 ........................................................................................................... 4 系統(tǒng)方案框圖 .......................................................................................................... 4 系統(tǒng) 模塊化設(shè)計(jì) ...................................................................................................... 5 第 3 章 硬件電路 ................................................................................................................... 6 硬件電路概述 .......................................................................................................... 6 STC12C5A60S2 單片機(jī) ........................................................................................... 6 STC12C5A60S2 的簡介 ................................................................................ 6 STC12C5A60S2 引腳說明 ............................................................................ 7 STC12C5A60S2 在本系統(tǒng)中的具體應(yīng)用 .................................................... 8 非接觸式 IC 卡 — Mifare One 卡 ............................................................................ 9 Mifare One 卡的結(jié)構(gòu) .................................................................................... 9 Mifare One 卡的 功能 .................................................................................... 9 RFID 讀寫器 ........................................................................................................... 10 MFRC522 的特點(diǎn) ........................................................................................ 10 讀寫器的結(jié)構(gòu) ............................................................................................. 10 讀卡器 的工作過程 ......................................................................................11 溫 濕度傳感器 DHT11 ........................................................................................... 12 DHT11 的特點(diǎn) ................