【正文】 t Berkeley, programmers add virtual memory control to the Unix operating system. [] ? IBM scientist John Cocke produces the 801 puter, a RISC prototype named after the laboratory building it was built in. This miniputer is often considered the invention of RISC processing. [] 1979 September ? Motorola introduces the 68000 16bit microprocessor. It uses 68,000 transistors, giving it its name. [] [] (1980 [20]) 1980 (month unknown) ? IBM’s Austin Laboratory in Burlington, Vermont, creates a microprocessor called ROMP (Research/Office Products MicroProcessor) based on Jon Cocke’s 801 RISC design. This is the first pleted RISC microprocessor. Speed is about 510 times faster than any other chip on the market. [] ? Apollo introduces a line of workstations using the Motorola 68000 processor. [] ? The term RISC (reduced instruction set puter) is coined by Professor David Patterson of the University of California in Berkeley. He designs a microprocessor called RISC I. [23] [] 1981 (month unknown) ? James Clark invents the Geometry Engine 3D software. [] ? College professor James Clark found Silicon Graphics, Incorporated. [28] (1982 []) 1982 February ? Scott McNealy, Bill Joy, Andreas Bechtolsheim, and Vinod Khosla found Sun Microsystems. SUN originally stood for Stanford University Network. [47] [,152] [] May ? Sun Microsystems begins shipping the Sun 1 workstation puter. [] November ? At the COMDEX show, Victory Computer Systems announces the Victory Factor series of puters, using the Motorola 68000 processor and the Unisoft Uniplus System 3 Unix operating system. [] (month unknown) ? Toshiba introduces the Tosbac UX300. It features a Toshiba 88000 processor, 512 KB RAM, 1 MB 8inch floppy drive, 10 MB hard drive, and runs UNIX, for US$9300. [] 1983 January ? ATamp。 DEC, %. [] ? Shipments of Sun Microsystems workstations for the year: 130,000. [] ? Shipments of IBM RISC System/6000 puters for the year: 25,000. [] 1991 January ? Sun Microsystems begins shipping the SPARCstation 2. [] ? RDI announces the availability of Macintosh emulation software for SPARC systems. [] February ? Sun Microsystems creates SunSoft, a system software subsidiary. [] ? MIPS Technologies unveils the R4000 RISC processor architecture. [] March ? NeXT begins shipping of its lowend NeXTstation color puters for US$8000. [] [] (April []) May ? NeXT begins shipping of its highend NeXTstation color puters for US$14000. [] June ? Ross Perot resigns from the NeXT board of directors. [] July ? NeXT pletes the Japanese version of the NeXTSTEP operating system. [] ? Sun Microsystems introduces the SPARCstation ELC, and the SPARCstation IPX. [] August ? Silicon Graphics announces the Indigo puter. [] (month unknown) ? Steve Jobs agrees with his NeXT pany advisors to port the NeXTSTEP operating system to the Intel 80x86 architecture. [] September ? MIPS Technologies begins shipping samples of the R4000 processor. [] ? Silicon Graphics begins licensing the OpenGL graphics library. [] ? SunSoft announces the Solaris operating system for 80x86 and SPARC architectures. [] October ? Sun Microsystems begins licensing the new chipset used in the SPARCstation 2. [] ? MIPS Technologies officially introduces the 100MHz R4000, its 64bit RISC processor. [8] [48] November ? MIPS Computer Systems announces its ARC System licensing program, consisting of a plete ARC System 100 system design, supporting ROM code, operating system drivers, and ASICs. [] ? Intel decides against licensing Digital Equipment’s technology in the Alpha architecture. [] December ? Standards Performance Evaluation Corp (SPEC) names its integer and floating point benchmark metrics for Unix systems as SPECint and SPECfp, respectively. [] December 31 ? Shipments of Unix operating system for the year: million. [] 1992 January ? Standards Performance Evaluation Corp (SPEC) announces availability of SPECint92 and SPECfp92 benchmark suites for Unix systems. Cost of the suite is US$900. [] [113] [] [191] ? At NeXTWORLD Expo in San Francisco, NeXT announces that a version of the NeXTSTEP operating system will be made for Intel PCs. [] [] ? Standards Performance Evaluation Corp (SPEC) announces renaming of its Unix system benchmark metrics to include the 89 suffix, ie. SPECint89 and SPECfp89. [] (month unknown) ? HewlettPackard introduces the Series 9000 Model 710 puter. It features 50MHz PARISC processor, Ether, serial, parallel, SCSI2, 16 MB RAM, 19inch 8bit grayscale monitor, for US$9490. [] ? HewlettPackard introduces the Series 9000 Model 705 puter. It features 35MHz PARISC processor, Ether, serial, parallel, SCSI2, 16 MB RAM, 19inch 8bit grayscale monitor, for US$4990. [] February ? Ross Technology publicly previews its Pinnacle1 SPARC processor. [111] February 25 ? Digital Equipment unveils the 64bit Alpha processor architecture, with speed estimates of 150 million instructions per second. [] [] (month unknown) ? Tadpole Technology introduces the Sparcbook portable puter. It features 832 MB RAM, 85240 MB hard drive, floppy drive, grayscale or color 640x480 monitor, 25MHz CY601 integer processor, 25MHz CY604 floating point processor, Ether port, internal 9600/2400 fax/modem, Solaris operating system, Open Windows , SoftPC to run MSDOS and MSWindows applications. Size is 12 x x 2 inches, weight is 7 pounds 1 ounce, price is US$495014850. [] March ? MIPS Technologies ships the 100MHz R4000 processor. [] [150] ? Silicon Graphics announces it is acquiring MIPS Computer Systems. [] (month unknown) ? MIPS Computer Systems announces the Magnum 4000 and Millennium 4000 OEM systems, based on the ARC System 100 design. Both use a 50/100