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【正文】 Ergonomics General ? Ergonomics is the science of fitting jobs to people. ? The discipline enpasses a body of knowledge about physical abilities and limitations as well as other human characteristics that are relevant to job design. ? Essentially, ergonomics is the relationship between the worker and the job and focuses on the design of work areas to enhance job performance. ? Ergonomics can help prevent injuries and limit secondary injuries as well as acmodate individuals with various disabilities, including those with musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). Discipline ? Ergonomics – Ergonomics (or human factors) is the scientific discipline concerned with the understanding of interactions among humans and other elements of a system, and the profession that applies theory, principles, data and methods to design in order to optimize human wellbeing and overall system performance. (according International Ergonomics Association 2023) Figure A simple work system. People interact with machines to turn inputs into outputs. System capacity refers to amount of input that can be processed over time. Productivity refers to the ratio of outputs to inputs. Efficient systems minimise byproducts of all kinds (E = local environment, M = machine, H = human operator). Five Aspects of Ergonomics ? Safety Medicine bottles: The print on them could be larger so that a sick person who may have bad vision (due to sinuses, etc.) can more easily see the dosages and label. Ergonomics could design the print style, color and size for optimal viewing. ? Comfort Alarm clock display: Some displays are harshly bright, drawing one’s eye to the light when surroundings are dark. Ergonomic principles could redesign this based on contrast principles. ? Ease of use Street Signs: In a strange area, many times it is difficult to spot street signs. This could be addressed with the principles of visual detection in ergonomics. Five aspects of ergonomics ? Productivity/performance HD TV: The sound on HD TV is much lower than regular TV. So when you switch from HD to regular, the volume increases dramatically. Ergonomics recognizes that this difference in decibel level creates a difference in loudness and hurts human ears and this could be solved by evening out the decibel levels. ? Aesthetics the look and feel of the object, the user experience. History ? Ancient GreeceHellenic civilization in the 5th century BC used ergonomic principles in the desi
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