【正文】 nary planning “kicking off” 2 Planning Defining and refining objectives of the project and selecting the best course of action to attain those objectives defining developing the plan “setting the stage” 3 Executing Coordinating the people and resources to implement the plan making it happen getting it done “coordinating” 4 Controlling Ensuring project objectives are met by monitoring and measuring progress regularly to identify variances from the plan so that corrective actions can be taken tracking progress “keeping on course” 5 Closing Formalizing acceptance of project or phase and bringing to an orderly end client acceptance transition “closeout” Project Management 項目管理的概念 ? Description of PMBOK Knowledge Areas 東南大學系統(tǒng)工程研究所 Knowledge Area Description per PMBOK 2023 Edition Common Deliverables 1 Project Integration Management Processes required to ensure the elements of the project are properly coordinated Project Charter Project Plan Change Requests Work Results 2 Project Scope Management Processes required to ensure that project includes all the work that is required and only the work that is required to plete the project successfully Scope Statement Work Breakdown Structure Formal Acceptance 3 Project Time Management Processes required to ensure timely pletion of the project Network Diagram Task Estimates Project Schedule 4 Project Cost Management Processes required to ensure the project is pleted within the approved budget Resource Requirements Cost Estimates Project Budget Project Management 項目管理的概念 ? Description of PMBOK Knowledge Areas 東南大學系統(tǒng)工程研究所 Knowledge Area Description per PMBOK 2023 Edition Common Deliverables 5 Project Quality Management Processes required to ensure the project will satisfy the needs for which it was undertaken Quality Management Plan Checklists Quality Reviews 6 Project Human Resources Management Processes required to make the most effective use of the people involved with the project Role and Responsibility Matrix Organization Chart Performance Evaluations 7 Project Communications Management Processes required to ensure the timely and appropriate generation, collection, dissemination, storage, and ultimate disposition of project information Communication Plan Status Reports Presentations Lessons Learned 8 Project Risk Management Processes concerned with identifying, analyzing, and responding to project risk. Risk Management Plan Risk Response Plan Risk Log 9 Project Procurement Management Processes required to acquire goods and services outside the performing anization Procurement Plan Statement of Work Proposals Contracts Project Management 項目管理的概念 ? Relationships among the project management process groups, which is based on PMBOK 2023 Edition 東南大學系統(tǒng)工程研究所 Monitoring and Controlling Processes Planning Processes Executing Processes Initiating Processes Closing Processes Project Management 東南大學系統(tǒng)工程研究所 項目管理的分類 A類項目 出問題的 可能性 類別 持續(xù)時間 復雜性 B類項目 C類項目 D類項目 風險 技術 18個月 918個月 39個月 3個月 高 中 低 很低 突破性技術 現(xiàn)行技術 熟練技術 實踐 確定 可能 一些 無 高 中 低 很低 Project Management 東南大學系統(tǒng)工程研究所 項目管理的特征 項目的特征 存在唯一性 時空限定性 資源有限性 過程完整性 目標多樣性 Project Management 項目管理的特征 ? 面向成果 ：關注項目的完成，通常運用目標式管理 ? 基于團隊 ：注重協(xié)作與溝通 ? 借助外部資源 ：高效率，低成本 ? 具有柔性 ：面對變化，適應變化 ? 具有探索性 ：面對挑戰(zhàn)，存在復雜性、不確定性和風險性等問題 ? 注重知識與經(jīng)驗的積累 ：知識挖掘與整合，注重創(chuàng)新文化培育 ? 以人為本 ：共同遠景、共同參與、共同發(fā)展、共同價值 東南大學系統(tǒng)工程研究所 Project Management 東南大學系統(tǒng)工程研究所 項目管理的劉易斯方法 制定問題說明、前景和使用說明 生成項目備選戰(zhàn)略 對每個備選戰(zhàn)略 1）滿足所有的 P、 C、 T、 S嗎？ 2） SWOT和風 險可接受嗎？ 3）結(jié)果可接受嗎？ 4）力場分析 可行嗎？ 制定實施計劃 每個因素都可行嗎？ 否 是 概念 每個干系人都認為可行嗎？ 簽署項目計劃并建立項目日記 執(zhí)行計劃 進展可行接受嗎？ 1所有工作都完成了嗎？ 1進行最終項目評估 1結(jié)束項目 否 否 否 否 7a、戰(zhàn)略可以嗎？ 是 是 是 1計劃可行嗎？ 1戰(zhàn)略可行嗎？ 1定義可行嗎？ 否 否 是 否 定 義 編 制 戰(zhàn) 略 計 劃 實 施 計 劃 執(zhí) 行 和 控 制 學 習 Project Management 東南大學系統(tǒng)工程研究所 戰(zhàn)略計劃中包含的活動 主要外部利益相關者： 當?shù)厣鐖F 社會 客戶 供應商 干系人 債權人 主要內(nèi)部利益相關者： 高級經(jīng)理 中層經(jīng)理 臨時工 項目團隊成員 員工 數(shù)據(jù)庫： 歷史績效 目前的狀況 預測 評估： 組織的 優(yōu)勢 弱勢 環(huán)境的 機遇 威脅 使命 目標 目的 戰(zhàn)略 計劃 實施 計劃 Project Management 東南大學系統(tǒng)工程研究所 項目生命周期 Project Life Cycle 執(zhí)行項目 結(jié)束 項目 識別 需求 Resource 提出 解決 方案 Time Project Management 東南大學系統(tǒng)工程研究所 項目生命周期 Project Management 1. Project initiation ? A business problem or opportunity is identified and a business case providing various solution options is defined ? A feasibility study is conducted to investigate whether each option addresses the business problem and a final remended solution is then put forward ? Once the remended solution is approved, a project is initiated to deliver the approved solution ? Terms of reference are pleted outlining the objectives, scope and structure of the new project, and a project manager is appointed ? The project manager begins recruiting a project team and establishes a project office environment ? Approval is then sought to move into the detailed planning phase 東南大學系統(tǒng)工程研究所 Project Management 1. Project initiation ? Project initiation activities 東南大學系統(tǒng)工程研究所 Develop a business case Undertake a feasibility study Establish the terms of reference Appoint the project team Set up a project office Perform phase review Project Management 1. Project initiation ? The business case includes – A detailed description of the problem or opportunity – A list of the alternative solutions available – An analysis of the business bene