土木工程建筑外文翻譯外文文獻(xiàn)高層建筑的消防安全設(shè)計(jì)-文庫吧在線文庫
【正文】 d be protected by Class C fire door. (3) Fire extinguishers should be installed in the lobby and each apartment, which can be used to put out early stage fires.Linkage measures should be taken to ensure that the fire lifts of upper and lower parts of the building can automatically descend to the lowest floor (the transfer floor for the fire lifts of the upper parts and the first floor for the lower parts) in case of fire6. Feasibility analysis Feasibility and effectiveness of the above solutions has been analyzed through the following 3 aspects: to secure the safe evacuation of occupants, to control the early stage fire and to control smoke from spreading. (1) To secure the safe evacuation of occupants and fire fighting practice. In case of fire, smoke with high temperature and toxicity brings great danger to people’s life. Therefore, the fire protection design of buildings shall consider how to prevent fire and smoke from spreading out of the fire origin. In this case, reliable fire separation shall be needed. For example, installation of fire door for each family can effectively prevent fire and smoke from spreading to the lobby. Two way evacuation transfer passageway shall be designed on the transfer floor. The transfer floor can’t be regarded asthe second exit, however, it does provide an alternative evacuation route, so that if there is something wrong with one staircase, occupants on the upper floors can evacuate through the other staircase. In this way, evacuation of the occupants and fire fighting practice can be guaranteed.(2) Early stage fire control. This is a residential building and the area for each family is quite limited. The main fire load of the family is furniture. Except indoor fire hydrant system, fire extinguishers are also helpful and effective in putting out early stage furniture fires. Therefore, it is suggested that fire extinguishers shall be installed both in the lobby and the apartments.(3) Smoke control. In case of fire, smoke protected staircase is the only way for occupants to evacuate to a safe location while fire lift is very helpful in transporting fire fighting tools and equipment. Therefore, reasonable and effective smoke control measures shall be taken to prevent smoke and heat from spreading to staircases and elevator shafts so as to ensure the safe evacuation of the people and the fine conditions for fire fighting and rescue. When the residents escape from the fire apartment, smoke will certainly flow out. The pressurization facilities in the lobby can help to prevent smoke from spreading to the lobby. According to the above analysis, it can be proved that the fire safety design of this highrise building is safe enough foroccupant evacuation and fire fighting if it is designed according to the above suggested solutions.7. Conclusions The problems in fire safety design of a highrise residential building have been analyzed. The fire safety objectives have been defined according to the design features and occupancy of the building. Based on these, feasible fire safety design countermeasures have been suggested and their feasibility has been analyzed and discussed. Hopefully, the improved design methods of the building can provide valuable reference for the fire safety design of the similar buildingsReferences[1] The Ministry of Public Security of the People’s Republic of China, 2005, Code for Fire Protection Design of Tall Buildings GB 5004595 (2005Edition). China Planning Press, Beijing.[2] Zhang Xiaoling, Zheng Yanqiu, 2007. Discussion on the
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