【正文】 ently the HMI factory is also more and more, the function is also more and more strong, the price is also more and more low, the noodles of the usage are wide more and more. The HMI foreground can say that think 176。s brain and calculators, with the mode that person39。另外要感謝我的指導(dǎo)老師，在設(shè)計(jì)的過(guò)程中給了我很大的幫助，讓我感觸最深的是老師嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)闹螌W(xué)作風(fēng)。在本次畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)的進(jìn)程中，我仔細(xì)梳理了所學(xué)的理論知識(shí)，結(jié)通過(guò)實(shí)際的應(yīng)用，更加牢固的掌握了它們，也學(xué)習(xí)到很多書(shū)本上所沒(méi)有的知識(shí)，如，一個(gè)系統(tǒng)好，但廠(chǎng)家不一定會(huì)用最好的，而是用性?xún)r(jià)比最高的，或者說(shuō)最能讓他們利益最大化的那個(gè)，我們說(shuō)設(shè)計(jì)的系統(tǒng)，大多都脫離實(shí)際更貼近理想化。在設(shè)計(jì)之初，我查詢(xún)了大量有關(guān)啤酒桶清洗的資料。 線(xiàn)圈保護(hù)裝置清洗機(jī)的排水、進(jìn)水電磁閥是一個(gè)很重要的部件，它的負(fù)擔(dān)很重、受力很大，由于它是雙線(xiàn)圈電磁閥，通過(guò)機(jī)械觸點(diǎn)進(jìn)行切換，在此過(guò)程中，觸點(diǎn)間存在較為嚴(yán)重的大火現(xiàn)象，因此，觸電的燒傷、電腐蝕在所難免，損壞的幾率是比較大的。過(guò)載保護(hù)：就是當(dāng)電源停電或者由于某種原因電源電壓降低過(guò)多(欠壓)時(shí)，保護(hù)裝置能使電動(dòng)機(jī)自動(dòng)從電源上切除。CTR的優(yōu)點(diǎn)是顯示面積大，效率高。電磁閥可以配合不同的電路來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)預(yù)期的控制，而控制的精度和靈活性都能夠保證。晶體管是電子原件只有老化，沒(méi)有使用壽命限制。它是無(wú)觸點(diǎn)元件。PLC輸入接口用戶(hù)設(shè)備需輸入PLC的各種控制信號(hào)，如限位開(kāi)關(guān)、操作按鈕、選擇開(kāi)關(guān)、行程開(kāi)關(guān)以及其它一些傳感器輸出的開(kāi)關(guān)量或模擬量(要通過(guò)模數(shù)變換進(jìn)入機(jī)內(nèi))等，通過(guò)輸入接口電路將這些信號(hào)轉(zhuǎn)換成中央處理單元能夠接收和處理的信號(hào)，用這些數(shù)據(jù)作為PLC對(duì)被控制對(duì)象進(jìn)行控制的依據(jù)。定時(shí)控制功能是PLC的最基本功能之一。例如：應(yīng)該保證PLC程序不僅在正常條件下運(yùn)行，而且在非正常情況下（如突然掉電再上電、按鈕按錯(cuò)等），也能正常工作。（3）為保證出酒壓力和酒液品質(zhì)，最后應(yīng)進(jìn)行CO2備壓。 清洗機(jī)的用途特點(diǎn) 圖2 1清洗機(jī) 本設(shè)備是專(zhuān)為啤酒保鮮容器（包括不銹鋼、塑料保鮮桶及扎啤桶）的清洗、消毒設(shè)計(jì)的。本機(jī)主要由機(jī)架、電氣控制箱、電磁閥、氣動(dòng)元件、氣沖系統(tǒng)和水路系統(tǒng)組成。 、抗干擾能力強(qiáng) 、安裝容易，維護(hù)工作量少 、通用性好 ，成功率高 ，重量輕、功耗底等特點(diǎn)。而且其影響也越來(lái)越大，應(yīng)用也越來(lái)越廣泛。桶裝啤酒目前包裝容器一般采用不銹鋼桶或不銹鋼內(nèi)膽、帶保溫層的保鮮桶，桶的規(guī)格有50L、30L、20L、10L、5L等。本機(jī)控制單元采用以三菱公司的可編程控制器為核心對(duì)機(jī)器進(jìn)行全過(guò)程控制。本機(jī)主要由機(jī)架、電氣控制箱、電磁閥、氣動(dòng)元件、氣沖系統(tǒng)和水路系統(tǒng)組成。啤酒包裝源于桶裝，由于包裝簡(jiǎn)便、成本低、口味新鮮，近年來(lái)受到企業(yè)的重視。于是可編程控制器應(yīng)運(yùn)而生，1969年，美國(guó)數(shù)字設(shè)備公司研制出世界上第一臺(tái)可編程控制器，從此，PLC開(kāi)始活躍于控制領(lǐng)域。它在集成電路、計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)的基礎(chǔ)上發(fā)展起來(lái)的的一中新型工業(yè)控制設(shè)備。本設(shè)備適用桶的尺寸為高度H360—H560，直徑Φ250—Φ500。操作簡(jiǎn)單,效率高,易于大規(guī)模和單個(gè)用戶(hù)使用。為保證酒桶內(nèi)盡可能不含氧氣及不潔凈氣體，所以氣沖時(shí)用CO2。這就要求設(shè)計(jì)者在系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)、元器件選擇、軟件編程上要全面考慮，以確?？刂葡到y(tǒng)安全可靠。在單機(jī)控制、多機(jī)群控和自動(dòng)生產(chǎn)線(xiàn)控制方面都有很多成功的應(yīng)用實(shí)例。 I/O模塊及點(diǎn)數(shù)輸入/輸出接口通常也稱(chēng)I / O 單元或I / O 模塊，是PLC與工業(yè)生產(chǎn)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)之間的連接通道。晶體管是一種電子元件，它是通過(guò)基極電流來(lái)控制集電極與發(fā)射極的導(dǎo)通。（3）使用壽命不同繼電器由于是機(jī)械元件受到動(dòng)作次數(shù)的壽命限制，且與負(fù)載容量有關(guān)，隨著負(fù)載容量的增加，觸點(diǎn)壽命幾乎按級(jí)數(shù)減少。圖3 2水位控制器電磁閥是用電磁控制的工業(yè)設(shè)備，用在工業(yè)控制系統(tǒng)中調(diào)整介質(zhì)的方向、流量、速度和其他的參數(shù)。LCD是一種液晶顯示器，其有微功耗，顯示豐富，質(zhì)量高，接口簡(jiǎn)單，超薄輕巧等優(yōu)點(diǎn)。故在電路中起著自動(dòng)調(diào)節(jié)、安全保護(hù)、轉(zhuǎn)換電路等作用。當(dāng)電流超過(guò)設(shè)定電流時(shí)候，設(shè)備自動(dòng)斷電，以保護(hù)設(shè)備。本設(shè)計(jì)課題為基于PLC的啤酒清洗灌裝控制系統(tǒng)，主要研究灌裝過(guò)程中啤酒桶的清洗，其實(shí)灌裝不只用到啤酒桶，有的也用瓶裝，但是考慮到大多數(shù)但是用桶裝，所以這里我主要介紹啤酒桶的清洗方式。所以，客觀(guān)的說(shuō)，我所設(shè)計(jì)的啤酒清洗灌裝控制系統(tǒng)是簡(jiǎn)單片面的，對(duì)此，我感覺(jué)很遺憾，更加認(rèn)識(shí)到自身的不足。本次設(shè)計(jì)對(duì)我的專(zhuān)業(yè)知識(shí)進(jìn)行了充分的考察，如果有時(shí)間和機(jī)會(huì)，我希望能繼續(xù)對(duì)本系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行深入研究和探索。s labor strength, reduce the establishment on the personnel. The target control of the hard realization in many plicated production lines, whole and excellent turn, the best decision etc., welltrained operation work, technical personnel or expert, governor but can judge and operate easily, can acquire the satisfied result. The research target of the artificial intelligence makes use of the calculator exactly to carry out, imitate these intelligences behavior, moderating the work through person39。t is tolerant of. New technique always for bringing more safe and convenient operation for us, make we a lot of problems for face on sweep but light, do you understand the HMI? Says the HMI here you basically not clear what it is, also have no interest understanding, change one inside text explains it into the touch to hold or manmachine interface you knew, it bines with the PLC to our larger space.HMI the control not only only is reduced the control press button, increase the vivid of the control, more main of it is can sequence of, and at can the change data input to output the feedback with data, control in the temperature curve of imitate but also can keep the manifestation of view to e out. And can write the function help procedure through a plait to provide the help of various what lies in one39。t answer the phone, the other party also。PLC的最大特點(diǎn)在于：電氣工程師已不再電氣的硬件上花費(fèi)太多的心計(jì)，只要將按鈕開(kāi)關(guān)或感應(yīng)器的輸入點(diǎn)連接到PLC的輸入點(diǎn)上就能解決問(wèn)題，通過(guò)輸出點(diǎn)連接接觸器或繼電器來(lái)控制大功率的啟動(dòng)設(shè)備，而小功率的輸出設(shè)備直接連接就可以。s request. This kind of breaks off the medium interruption to also became to break off the set. The Class that certainly break off is relevant according to various resources of CPU with internal PLC, also following a heap of capacity size of also relevant fasten.The contents that break off has a lot of kinds, for example the exterior break off, correspondence in of send out and accept the interruption and settle and the clock that count break off, still have the WDT to reset the interruption etc., they enriched the CPU to respond to the category while handle various business. Speak thus perhaps you can39。 But take data in the watch for an instruction procedure that controls the PLC, that had the difficulty very much, for example you have to control one pedestal robot to press the action work that you imagine, you will draw up for it the form that a procedure bine with the data sends out to pass by.The form that information transport contain single work, the half a work and the difference of a workses .The meaning of the single work also is to say both, a can send out only, but a can receive only, for example a spy he can receive the designation of the superior only, but can39。s address and saving machine three big pieces to constitute, CPU core is from an or many is tired to add the machine to constitute, mathematics that they have the logic operation ability, and can read the procedure save the contents of the machine to drive the homologous saving machine and I/ Os to connect after pass the calculation。 Van Gemert, Paul. Design and implementation of a plc continuous casting control system [R]. New [12]Du Toit, Chris. The design, documentation and maintenance of PLC software [R]. [13] . PLC technique discussion and future development[R] Electronic Test Equipmentprinciples and Applications. Princeton University. America[14]Hill, Peter .Design of medium voltage cables: Cable design in Eastern Electricity PLC and how it has affected installation[R].IEE 附錄A：外文文獻(xiàn)及譯文PLC technique discussion and future developmentFrom:Electronic Test Equipmentprinciples and Applications. Princeton University. AmericaAlong with the development of the ages, the technique that is nowadays is also gradually perfect, the petition plays more more strong。撇開(kāi)專(zhuān)業(yè)知識(shí)不談，就設(shè)計(jì)所需的軟件工具，有很多我都不會(huì)運(yùn)用。在課題設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程中出現(xiàn)了很多問(wèn)題，當(dāng)然在處理問(wèn)題的同時(shí)，我也學(xué)到了很多有