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外文翻譯---最高審計機關(guān)的環(huán)境審計活動-會計審計-文庫吧在線文庫

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【正文】 e international obligations in their national policy 10 programs and legislation. SAIs can contribute to international environmental cooperation by auditing the pliance of their national government with international obligations and mitments. The INTOSAI Working Group on environmental auditing wants to stimulate this type of audit and has provided guidelines for the audit process and the selection of international agreements. The Working Group has done this not only because the audit itself might be useful, but also because these audits provide excellent possibilities for cooperation and the exchange of information between SAIs, to examine mon issues, and to share ideas on specific audit topics. The first INTOSAI Guidance deals with the subject ―How SAIs may cooperate on the audit of international environmental accords‖ (INTOSAI, 1998). Methodological questions were answered in the INTOSAI Guidance ―Standards and guidelines on environmental auditing‖ (INTOSAI, 2020). The Working Group Paper ―The audit of international environmental accords‖ (INTOSAI Working Group on Environmental Auditing, 2020b) deals with the riskanalysis, preceding the selection of an environmental agreement to audit. The majority of SAIs that responded to the last questionnaire indicated that they were interested in cooperation with another SAI to audit an international environmental agreement in the near future (76%, N=102). A growing number of SAIs already have experience with cooperation in the field of environmental auditing and/or with auditing an environmental agreement. Several joint or coordinated audits were performed on marine pollution. Cooperation mainly occurred on a regional level, with a shared water object as the starting point. Some examples of joint audits are given. Eight SAIs audited the Convention on the Protection of the Marine Environment of the Baltic Sea (SAIs of Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Russia, and Sweden, 2020). The SAIs of Poland, the Czech Republic, and the Slovak Republic jointly audited the implementation and fulfilment of tasks concerning the protection of water pollution of rivers emptying into the Baltic Sea (2020). Eight other—mainly European—SAIs audited agreements on pollution of the sea by ships (SAI of Israel, 2020。 SAI of Croatia, 2020。 SAI of Italy, 2020。 the environmental effects of nonenvironmental programs。在過去的 5年期間,一些進行聯(lián)合環(huán)境審計,主要是在區(qū)域一級。 ●幾乎所有的最高審計機關(guān)可以應(yīng)用到所有的政府部門,包括環(huán)保部門的一般授權(quán)。新西蘭最高審計機關(guān)最高審核管理的多邊協(xié)議,涉及問責制和報告四個國際環(huán)境協(xié)定( 2020年)。五最高審計機關(guān)審計索菲亞公約“關(guān)于保護和可持續(xù)利用多瑙河(最高審計機關(guān),保加利亞, 2020年,最高審計機關(guān),克羅地亞, 2020年,最高審計機關(guān),羅馬尼亞, 2020年,斯洛伐克共和國和斯洛文尼亞最高審 計機關(guān)報告:在準備中),哥倫比亞和委內(nèi)瑞拉一起工作河上Ta39。幾個 已經(jīng) 聯(lián)合或協(xié)調(diào) 的國家最高審計機關(guān) 進行了審計海洋污染。最高審計機關(guān)可以通過審計促進國際環(huán)境合作與國際義務(wù)和承諾遵守本國政府。這些類型的問題進行鑒定,在幾乎所有的水的審計報告。 最后一個例子是一個審計的西貢的美國狀態(tài)( 2020),其中的重點是政策信息。本條例旨在調(diào)和水域的保護與農(nóng)業(yè)活動被忽視了贊成后者。主要結(jié)果是荷蘭起草了許多的管理和恢復(fù)濕地的計劃,但這些計劃的實施在實踐中往往是有問題的或極其緩慢。收集 的 所有報告有不同的側(cè)重點。由政府遵守國際義務(wù)和承諾的 10%至 20%。這里這個信息是用來給最高審計機關(guān)的審計工作的內(nèi)容更多一些洞察。19971999: 16%規(guī)律性審計和績效審計 54%) 。例如,環(huán)境報告的數(shù)量變化,每個審計機關(guān)從 1到 36份報告不等。特別是 19931996年期間,工作組已檢測到環(huán)境審計活動堅定的數(shù)量增長。 “活性基團”的組成沒有保持相同的:一些最高審計機關(guān)進入,而其他最高審計機關(guān)離開了團隊。在將來,再將來開發(fā)一些其他方式去測算人們工作量而不是計算通過花費的時間和發(fā)表的報告會是很有趣的。如前文所述,績效審計是一個廣泛的概念。在上一次調(diào)查中,最常見的審計問題是公共機構(gòu)或部門( 162的 560個報告, 29%),淡水( 131 560, 23%( 103),廢 560報告, 18%),與自然和娛樂( 102的 560報告, 18%)。為了讓環(huán)境審計在實踐中有一個廣泛的變化想法,下面給出一些例子進行簡要說明: 規(guī)律性審計的一個例子是 中國最高審計機關(guān) ( 1999)進行污水處理廠,對營運資金的審計重點。 在審計的賽埃及的預(yù)防污染對尼羅河( 2020),遵守國家規(guī)章制度是最重要的一方面。這次審計的原因是大量去向不明的水( UFW)(在 1998年和 1999年生產(chǎn)總量的 47%左右),導(dǎo)致“水強調(diào)”國家毛里求斯的分類。 這是不可能的“水政策”,這些報告的基礎(chǔ)上制定的一般性結(jié)論。再者 ,一些區(qū)域性問題: 主要河流 的水質(zhì)量問題 ,可持續(xù)利用魚類資源, 和 調(diào)查環(huán)境犯罪往往跨越邊界民族國家。 最高審計機關(guān)國際組織 第一個指導(dǎo)交易的主題為“最高審計機關(guān)如何合作 可能 經(jīng)營的國際環(huán)保協(xié)議”(最高審計機關(guān)國際組織, 1998年)的審計。波蘭,捷克共和國和斯洛伐克共和國的最高審計機關(guān)聯(lián)合審核的實施和履行關(guān)于保護波羅的海( 2020)注入河流的水質(zhì)污染的任務(wù)。 若要稽核一個國際性的的環(huán)境協(xié)定,最高審計機關(guān)是之間的的合作不是一個先決條件條件。這些團體將繼續(xù)并加強在區(qū)域一級,最高審計機關(guān)之間的合作在不久的將來提供一個良好的平臺。經(jīng)過定量的增長,績效審計轉(zhuǎn)變,從規(guī)律性被發(fā)現(xiàn)。在未來,這將是有趣的,更詳細地評估對環(huán)境的貢獻,改善環(huán)境治 理和政策表現(xiàn)的最高審計機關(guān)的審計工作。 SAI of The Netherlands, 2020。 SAI of Romania, 2020。 SAI of Greece, 2020。 1997–1999: 16% regularity audits and 54% performance audits). In general, performance audits require more resources. We have to realize that the scope of audits may vary dramatically. In the future, it could be interesting to develop other ways to measure the body of audit work other than just counting time spent and reports published. In 2020, 62 of the responding SAIs provided the Working Group with more detailed information on their work, published since 1997. In 1997–1999, these 62 SAIs published 560 environmental audit reports. Of course these reports reflect a huge body of experience that can be used by other institutions. A bibliography of environmental audit reports is available on the Web site of the INTOSAI Working Group. Here this information is used to give some more insight into the content of the audit work of SAIs. Since 1997, a minority of the environmental audits are regulari
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