外文翻譯--組合作用的基礎(chǔ)及抗剪連接-文庫(kù)吧在線文庫(kù)
【正文】 1m? which is intended to cover possible reductions in the strength of the materials in the structure as whole as pared to the characteristic value deduced from the control test specimen 2m? which is intended to cover possible weakness of the structure arising from any cause other than the reduction in the strength of the materials allowed for by coefficient γm1, including manufacturing tolerances. Additionally , ISO 2394 allows for the introduction of a further coefficient c? which may be applied either to the design values of loadings or material strengths. This coefficient is in turn a function of two partial coefficients 1c? which is intended to take account of the nature of the structure and its behaviour , for example, structures or parts of structures in which partial or plete collapse can occur without warning, where redistribution of internal forces is not possible, or where failure of a single element can lead to overall collapse 2c? which is intended to take account of the seriousness of attaining a limit state from other points of view, for example economic consequences,danger to the munity , etc. Usually γ c is incorporated into either γ f or γ m and therefore does not appear explicitly In design calculations. The advantage of the limit state approach is that permits a more rational and flexible assessment of structural safety and serviceability。 畢 業(yè) 設(shè) 計(jì)（論 文） 外 文 參 考 資 料 及 譯 文 譯文題目： 學(xué)生姓名： 學(xué) 號(hào)： 專 業(yè)： 所在學(xué)院： 指導(dǎo)教師： 職 稱： 年 月 日 Fundamentals of Composite Action and Shear Connection The evolution of satisfactory design methods for posite beams has been a slow process, requiring much theoretical and experimental work in order39。. The evolution of shear connection devices has been slow and has necessitated a large volume of experimental work on the static and fatigue properties of a wide range of mainly mechanical connectors. It soon appeared clear to early research workers that some form of connector fixed to the top flange of the beam and anchored into the slab was necessary. Caughey and Scott in 1929 proposed using, amongst other things, projecting bolt ends. Since then a wide variety of types of mechanical connector has been used in experiment and practice. To some extent the proliferation of types has been .the result of steel fabricators using sections which came easily to hand, since initially a purposemade shear connector was not available. In any mechanical connection system it is possible to identify parts which transfer horizontal shear and parts which tie the slab down to the beam. Generally, horizontal shear resistance is the ruling criterion of shear connector action and with this in mind mechanical connectors may be classified into three main groupsrigid, flexible and bond.
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