女性意識外文翻譯-文庫吧在線文庫
【正文】 政治上的奇跡。正如從政治到文化的衰退傾向 ,它意味著一種對勝利的測量 ,削弱它然后離開。婦女現(xiàn)在正成為重要勞動力這一事實以及她們處于的公共競爭場上為各自去留而進行的角逐讓女權(quán)運動及其立足點的再次消失變得難以想象。阻止婦女進入傳統(tǒng)的男性領(lǐng)域的偏見依然存在，對婦女的暴力行為也依然存在。中產(chǎn)階級設(shè)置了一種文化標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，即 :婚姻意味著女人的家庭生活。 例如，勞拉 在女性主義運動繁榮的時候，他們連同其他階級共同受益 。 所以 一旦獲得了選舉權(quán)，女權(quán)主義便失去了其存在的理由，無論是作為一個運動或意識。這就提出了一個問題 :是什么 導(dǎo)致了這種差異 ?當(dāng)女權(quán)主義成為一個文化潮流而不是一個社會變革運動，到底是什么導(dǎo)致了女性主義這樣的變化 ? 這部分不同的歷史可能與的第一和第二波女權(quán)主義的差距有一定的關(guān)系。許多的男性也支持這一觀點。 但是在六十年代末，七十年代和八十年代初，群眾性的婦女運動不再存在。外文翻譯 Feminist Consciousness After the Women’s Movement Barbara Epstein There is no longer an organized feminist movement in the United States that influences the lives and actions of millions of women and engages their political support. There are many organizations, ranging from the National Organization for Women to women’s caucuses in labor unions and professional groups, which fight for women’s rights, and there are many more organizations, many of them including men as well as women, whose priorities include women’s issues. But the mass women’s movement of the late sixties, seventies, and early eighties no longer exists. Few, among the many women who regard themselves as feminists, have anything to do with feminist organizations other than reading about them in the newspapers. Young women who are drawn to political activism do not, for the most part, join women’s groups. They are much more likely to join anti corporate, anti globalization, or social justice groups. These young women are likely to regard themselves as feminists, and in the groups that they join a feminist perspective is likely to affect the way in which issues are defined and addressed. But this is not the same thing as a mass movement of women for gender equality. A similar dynamic has taken place in other circles as well. There are now very large numbers of women who identify with feminism, or, if they are reluctant to adopt that label, nevertheless expect to be treated as the equals of men. And there are large numbers of men who support this view. The extent of feminist or protofeminist consciousness, by which I mean an awareness of the inequality of women and a determination to resist it, that now exists in the United States, is an acplishment of the women’s movement. But it is also something of an anomaly, since it is no longer linked to the movement that produced it. When the first wave of the women’s movement in the United States went into decline, after woman suffrage was won in 1921, feminism went into decline with it. By the 1950s, feminism had almost entirely disappeared, not only as an organized movement, but also as an ideology and a political and social sensibility. Even in the early sixties, in the New Left, to describe oneself as a feminist was to invite raised eyebrows and probably more extreme reactions. Now, for a second time in . history, the memory of a movement that
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