【正文】 might allow,there is an expectation that public life will certain quieter parts of a residential area this may be dominated by the chance meeting of neighbours,children playing or pedestrians and vehicles passing other areas the public environment will be busier,possibly with a few shops or cimmunity uses supplementing the busier ings and goings of this variation in the intensity of activity,the qualities of this public environment need to be carefully looked after if it is to feel safe and be of the way this sense of safety and convenience can be achieved is by ensureing that the front doors and windows of homes overlook the allows public activity to focus onto the public realm,as people e and go from their homes through front doors that face the streets,whilst the windows allow overlooking or surveillance of the public realm. PROVIDE SURVEILLANCE Surveillance refers to the opportunity to observe activity within a opportunity to observe some degree of human activity within the public spaces of a residential area is regarded as a positive feature in most residential settings(figure ).a particular benefit is the sense of secrity that es from feeling that you are not alone in your neighbourhood. Direct contact between people in a street going about their daily business is a form of surveillance,but the opportunity for people to see into the street from neighbouring homes also creates a sense of security,whilst those people in the street also informally observe that all is well within the homes. DO NOT CREATE DEAD SPACE Sometimes the principle of public realm and private backs facing each other is not followed,and where private gardens abut the public realm dead space may be the result(figure ).this is because the demand for privacy and security around the back of homes inevitably means that some sort of barrier,such as high fences,may be introduced. For the public realm ,the consequence of this is severe ,as the activity associated with the front doors and the surveillance of the street environment through windows are both addition,no back fence could be as interesting as the facade of a approach,therefore,results in less human activity,a poorer sense of security and safety,and an environment that dull and unteresting. The consequence of this for the private gardens is equally gardens now abut trafficked streets which are noisier,whilst it is thought to be relatively easy for a thief to hop over a back of a house from the public realm which is less populated and has poor surveillance. LESS DEMAND FOR PRIVACY Not all residential area achieve the same level of outdoor in particular may rely on balconies above ground level to privide outdoor space,whilst in other residential scheme (including either houses or apartments)private gardens or shared munal(semiprivate)courtyards can tend to be quite all of these cases the promising of privacy allows some surveillance of neighbouring spaces,whilst the visible gardens and balconies provide visual interest to residents and visitors(figure ) RESIDENTIAL BLOCK STRUCTURES Residential block structures result from the way designers pose the buildings and urban spaces to create urban creating residential blocks the designers are defining the location of,and relationships between,the types of urban space and the pattern of access that will be allowed in general through the area?？捎糜诖_定該土地上 的價(jià)值該計(jì)劃將興建家園。例如，一個(gè)新的道路規(guī)劃可能使網(wǎng)站更 易于使用和未來價(jià)格膨脹。地區(qū)的地方環(huán)境，以及社會(huì)或文化，差異。出版時(shí)間（ 1976年， 第 90頁）定義 placelessness作為一個(gè)弱 ...對(duì)地方認(rèn)同的地步，他們不僅外觀相似，但感覺一樣，提供相同的經(jīng)驗(yàn)平淡的可能性。圖片 是一個(gè)數(shù)字地面圖顯示的城市形態(tài)格局，成果形式，結(jié)果在這個(gè)過程之間的固體（建筑物區(qū)分）和空隙（戶外空間）最清楚。這些施加類型往往是空間，容許公眾通過。 一個(gè)住宅區(qū)內(nèi)，是由這些類型的空間，并以不同的形式設(shè)計(jì)的城市會(huì)導(dǎo)致不同的模式和空間之間的關(guān)系的空間 .公共空間的這些類型往往形成一個(gè)新興的網(wǎng)絡(luò)，為居民提供的訪問模式有時(shí)半公共空間，可引進(jìn)，通常為開放空間或游樂區(qū)納入公共空間。 前面的和后面的 阿城市在住宅設(shè)計(jì)中常見的概念是，一個(gè)家庭有兩個(gè)前面和后面的接口，這在公眾面前的房屋應(yīng)面對(duì)街道和私營(yíng)安老院應(yīng)面對(duì)挫折的私人空間，這是為什么因此可以說無論從實(shí)現(xiàn)圍繞回來，戶外或在隱私和安全戰(zhàn)線周圍的公共領(lǐng)域內(nèi)的公共生活創(chuàng)造一個(gè)公共生活的中心的觀點(diǎn)。而其他地區(qū)的公共環(huán)境將會(huì)更忙，很少有商店或社區(qū)可能使用補(bǔ)充忙缺憾和居民。 不要?jiǎng)?chuàng)建死亡空間 有時(shí)，公共領(lǐng)域和私人背上的原則面對(duì)對(duì)方?jīng)]有得到遵守，并在私人花園毗鄰公共領(lǐng)域的空間可能會(huì)死的結(jié)果。 需求少的隱私 并非所有的住宅面積達(dá)到，特別是在戶外私人空間。最近 20世紀(jì) 30年代的塊結(jié)構(gòu)的最常見形式，然而，建議對(duì)周邊街區(qū)的情況下作為出版物的廣泛 響應(yīng)環(huán)境影響的結(jié)果范圍（本特利等， 1985）。這實(shí)際上是一個(gè)配置，有著悠久的傳承，在 17 世紀(jì)的房屋，往往與服務(wù)在包容塊，例如，中訪問塊排列，馬廄和馬車。在那些管理流程所需的密度欠佳的樓宇，可以導(dǎo)致含糊和塊之間使用不當(dāng)而可能遭受來自貧困監(jiān)測(cè)，根據(jù)使用，盡管如此，沒有任何理由為什么一個(gè)高個(gè)獨(dú)立塊不能組合與其他街道的房屋是用來定義一個(gè)街道或其他公共空間。因?yàn)檫@是由當(dāng)時(shí)的建筑師誰愿意提供的理由： ? 提供的住宅環(huán)境，提供空氣和光的形式家園 ? 自由人從什么作為 19世紀(jì)的限制視為 ? 圍繞家庭提供新的，不受約束的開放空間 ? 適應(yīng)新的停車場(chǎng)（一些舊街道努力去做） ? 使用新的建筑技術(shù)，技術(shù)和材料 ? 提供更多的公共生活的方式。外圍區(qū)塊，不僅使用，然而，在與私人花園住宅正在考慮。同時(shí)，他們也開始考慮布局的特點(diǎn)和空間感是否會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn)。這種做法，因此，結(jié)果在人類活動(dòng)較少，有保障和安全意識(shí)較差，以及環(huán)境，沉悶和沒有樂趣。 提供預(yù)警 監(jiān)測(cè)是指在一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)，觀察觀察街道。這就是家庭隱私之間的共享，和花園是安全的。這是為什么即將在下文討論。那些受益使它成為一個(gè)半公共空間，可能是對(duì)公眾是安全的，或者一個(gè)稍微敏感的環(huán)境可以從故意破壞或?yàn)E用其他類型的 保護(hù)。 公共空間 ：城市空間，是很容易在任何一天或夜間街頭訪問的時(shí)間向公眾公開空間涉及的是一個(gè)公共空間，人們可以實(shí)際進(jìn)入或走出。 創(chuàng)造城市形態(tài)。 然而，在市區(qū)也有一些從如何建設(shè)和其他元素，已被合并，共同創(chuàng)造了城市環(huán)境。不同的類型結(jié)構(gòu)介紹了村莊和集鎮(zhèn)最后提出了關(guān)于如何我們不應(yīng)該讓這些市容標(biāo)準(zhǔn)規(guī)定了我們住宅區(qū)的形式簡(jiǎn)要說明，這不是我們應(yīng)該首先是朝著建立一個(gè)計(jì)劃內(nèi)的地方不同類型的愿望我們的設(shè)計(jì)。某些地區(qū)實(shí)地變化是進(jìn)一步討論以下各方面 .重要的是要完善預(yù)測(cè)值相對(duì)于有多少需求。因此，本章概述了發(fā)展評(píng)價(jià)的殘余估價(jià)技術(shù)和我們運(yùn)用它來一個(gè)特定的發(fā)展方案。for example,whether it is detached,semidetached or terraced. Values will also vary across the site as certain areas of a scheme may be more desirable than is discussed further is important to refine predicted values relative to judgement about how much demang there will be for properties within a scheme relative to other local areas. Although housing markets can de very dynamic and predicting sales prices can be imprecise,it is necessary to have a clear sense of the local market using information about previous sales from within the ,it is also important to have