【正文】 ons)having a lot of 。: not loyal, that you can not rely on or ，不可信任的。s one typical windowsmall city Varriale39。s opening sentence：“If your characters do not talk about politics, they are not the French in 1830.” is the famous sentence in The Red and The material of The Red and The Black is based on a realistic event that a tutor killed her hostein Stendhal read the story in the newspaper, he adapted it and wrote the long bildungsroman novel The Red and The work, previously titled Julien, then, changed into The Red and The Red symbolizes many things, the uniform of the Napoleon era, ’s blood, revolution and contribution by the mon Black also stands for robes of priests, Martel’s mourning apparel and第四篇：《紅與黑》英文讀書(shū)筆記The Red and the BlackThe Red and the Black is a profound and witty book about the rise of a poor, handsome and intellectually gifted, young provincial into the salons of High Society in and ambitious, Julien Sorel is determined to rise above his humble peasant origins and make something of his lifeby adopting the code of hypocrisy by which his society ultimately mits a crimeout of passion, principle, or insanitythat will bring about his Red and the Black is a lively, satirical picture of French Restoration society after Waterloo, riddled with corruption, greed, and plex, sympathetic portrayal of Julien, the cold exploiter whose Machiavellian campaign is undercut by his own emotions, makes him Stendhal39。而縱觀《紅與黑》，它的藝術(shù)特色是更為讓讀者稱(chēng)道。所以，當(dāng)父親索雷爾告知他市長(zhǎng)請(qǐng)他去當(dāng)家庭教師時(shí)，他在心里想著，要出人頭地，首先就得離開(kāi)維里埃爾。他心中想，“我要是當(dāng)著他（雷納爾市長(zhǎng)）的面，把他妻子的手占為己有，這不是可以將他嘲弄一番嗎？”于是于連三番兩次抱著這樣的心情追求雷納爾夫人，并在雷納爾夫人的退讓與接收于連的感情中獲得自己心理上的滿足，也算是一種欲望和內(nèi)心吹噓的滿足。因而，貝尚松神學(xué)院為于連性格的最終形成起到了決定性的作用。這時(shí)，他與自己所反對(duì)的貴族階級(jí)同流合污了。斯丹達(dá)爾的心理描寫(xiě)通常十分簡(jiǎn)短，卻是多種多樣的。作者在于連得知雷納爾夫人寫(xiě)揭發(fā)信到槍殺她這段情節(jié)上僅用了三頁(yè)，而與瑪?shù)贍柕碌膼?ài)情卻花了上百頁(yè)的篇幅細(xì)致描寫(xiě)。作者以于連的生活史為主線，以他兩次戀愛(ài)的成敗為推動(dòng)情節(jié)發(fā)展的關(guān)鍵，用單線發(fā)展的方法，選擇維里埃爾市，貝尚松神學(xué)院、巴黎侯爵府三個(gè)典型場(chǎng)景，由遠(yuǎn)及近，由小及大，由低到高，把復(fù)辟時(shí)代廣闊的社會(huì)生活和復(fù)雜的政治斗爭(zhēng)形勢(shì)集中地反映了出來(lái)。我想，這份感情其實(shí)于連自己也沒(méi)有意識(shí)到吧。還有一處是于連從富凱那離開(kāi)去到他的小巖洞。不論是寫(xiě)環(huán)境，還是人物的外貌和心理，都精確得當(dāng)，體現(xiàn)不一樣的背景和特色。最后，《紅與黑》語(yǔ)言簡(jiǎn)潔、精確。他羨慕它的這種力量，也羨慕它的這種孤獨(dú)。雷納爾夫人曾經(jīng)向我描繪過(guò)的一樣”。心理獨(dú)白正是在這個(gè)意義上成為現(xiàn)代小說(shuō)的基本技巧之一。想到自己有一種責(zé)任要履行，想到如果達(dá)不到目的，他就會(huì)成為人們的笑柄，或者更確切地說(shuō)，會(huì)使自己產(chǎn)生自卑感，他心中原有的歡樂(lè)，頃刻間便消失得無(wú)影無(wú)蹤了。這種手法的首要特征是削減物質(zhì)世界的干擾盡量，寫(xiě)得簡(jiǎn)潔，運(yùn)用大段的內(nèi)心獨(dú)白和細(xì)致的心理分析方法。拉莫爾侯爵府是上層社會(huì)的寫(xiě)照，這里是巴黎上流社會(huì)的活動(dòng)中心之一，也是“陰謀和偽善的中心”。神學(xué)院是社會(huì)的另一個(gè)縮影，它像監(jiān)獄一樣陰森可怕。雖然于連的心里一直瞧不起這樣的人，但是他始終覺(jué)得需要忍耐，總有一天會(huì)飛黃騰達(dá)，維里埃爾市長(zhǎng)只不過(guò)是他成功的一個(gè)踏板而已。在《紅與黑》中，作者緊密聯(lián)系具體而典型的環(huán)境（維里埃爾的家、雷納爾市長(zhǎng)家、貝尚松神學(xué)院和拉莫爾侯爵府）描寫(xiě)人物性格，揭露了復(fù)辟王朝時(shí)期的腐敗、黑暗以及貴族和平民之間的尖銳矛盾，為于連性格的滋生、發(fā)展、完成也提供了強(qiáng)有力的環(huán)境依據(jù)。是感動(dòng)，也是激動(dòng)和難忘，書(shū)中人物性格各異，但是每個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)都能深入讀者的心靈，讓讀者的心境也融入到書(shū)中情節(jié)中去。believe only what I have seen for , happiness, fame, all is upon it.” Futurity call it realism creation France, Stendhal was the first litterateur to reveal corruption of the bourgeoisie through novel marks the beginning of Gide said that The Red and the Black was a novel ahead of its time, that it was a novel for readers in the twentieth Stendhal’s time, prose novels included dialogue and omniscient narrator descriptions。 back to: 追溯到。: a public official who charges sb with a crime and tries to show that he/she is guilty in a court of ，檢察官，原告。: not liking change。: the head of the Roman Catholic church.（天主教的）教皇。: sex between a married person and who is not her/his 。(of a person’s temper, etc)aquable,，扁平的，心平氣和的。: a person who owns land, especially a large area of ，土地所有者。: receive(property, rank, tit