【正文】 a variety of residential technologies in helping seniors maintain their independence and in helping caregivers sustain their caring activities. 山東建筑大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)外文文獻(xiàn)及譯文 2 The overall design of the research is to focus on two groups of seniors. The first is seni ors who are being discharged from an acute care setting with the potential for reduced ability to remain independent. An example is seniors who have had hip replacement surgery. This group may benefit from technologies that would help them bee adapted to their reduced mobility. The second is seniors who have a chronic health problem such as dementia and who are receiving assistance from an informal caregiver living at a distance. Informal caregivers living at a distance from the caredfor senior are at high risk of caregiver burnout. Monitoring the caredfor senior for health and safety is one of the important tasks done by such caregivers. Devices such as floor sensors (to determine whether the senior has fallen) and access controls to ensure safety from intruders or to indicate elopement by a senior with dementia could reduce caregiver time spent muting to monitor the senior. For both samples, trials would consist of extended periods of residence within the ?smart house?. Samples of seniors being discharged from acute care would be recruited from acute care hospitals. Samples of seniors being cared for by informal caregivers at a distance could be recruited through dementia diagnosis clinics or through request from caregivers for respite. Limited amounts of clinical and health service research has been conducted upon seniors (with plex health problems) in controlled environments such as that represented by the “smart house”. For example, it is known that night vision of the aged is poor but there is very little information regarding the optimum level of lighting after wakening or for night activities. Falling is a major issue for older persons。 to evaluate the most effective way of lighting the various part of the house。 to evaluate the value of proper lighting. Technology Ubiquitous Computing： The ubiquitous puting infrastructure is viewed as the backbone of the “intelligence” within the house. In mon with all ubiquitous puting systems, the primary ponents with this system will be: the array of sensors, the munication infrastructure and the software control (based upon software agents) infrastructure. Again, it is considered essential that this topic is investigated holistically. Sensor design: The focus of research here will be development of (micro)sensors and sensor arrays using smart materials, . piezoelectric materials, mago strictive materials and shape memory alloys (SMAs). In particular, SMAs are a class of smart materials that are attractive candidates for sensing and actuating applications primarily because of their extraordinarily high work output/volume ratio pared to other smart materials. SMAs undergo a solidsolid phase transformation when subjected to an appropriate regime of mechanical and thermal load, resulting in a macroscopic change in dimensions and shape。V activities in ubiquitous puting. Other technological areas： The project also plans to investigate a number of additional areas, such as lighting systems, security systems, heating, ventilation and air conditioning, etc. For example, with regard to energy efficiency, the project currently anticipates undertaking two studies: The Determination of the effectiveness of insulating shutters: Exterior insulating shutters over time are not effective because of sealing problems. Interior shutters are superior and could be used to help reduce heat losses. However, their movement and positioning needs appropriate control to prevent window breakage due to thermal shock. The initiation of an opening or closing cycle would be based on measured exterior light levels。 當(dāng) 人們開始認(rèn)識到有一個(gè)全面的方法是至關(guān)重要的 時(shí)候， 成功的項(xiàng)目和 措 施才開始流通。這組可能受益于技術(shù)，并 將有助于他們 更好 適應(yīng)流動性 的 降低。 例子山東建筑大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)外文文獻(xiàn)及譯文 9 中的 通過 一 定距離之外的非正式照顧者照顧的老人將通過診所的診斷出院或者要求 休息的照顧者回來照顧 。例如： 有著 穩(wěn)定的慢性殘疾 的 人 宜遵循以下 照料：研究 專門 針對 為這類病人（這些病人可能有忽視，偏癱，失語和判斷 方面的 問題） 的最好的類型和 位置的各種傳感 器 。 評估 它們 在智能家居 環(huán)境中 用陌生的設(shè)備的能力 。 重要的是，這話題是從整體上的研究得出的 。 例如 微化學(xué)分析儀， 濕度和壓力傳感器，流量控制 的 微機(jī)電系統(tǒng)，合成射流器和光學(xué)微機(jī)電系統(tǒng)（下一代互聯(lián)網(wǎng)） 。 設(shè)計(jì)，分析與驗(yàn)證 以 加強(qiáng)天線用于室內(nèi)無線通信。這些服務(wù) 的 宗旨 是 保健監(jiān)測 、 跟蹤老年癡呆癥患者 。 孤立 原來使用的 傳統(tǒng)的學(xué)習(xí)制度，是不可能 讓 這些代理商 達(dá)到 高預(yù)期壽命 的 。工具箱 39。截至 去年底 的 施工階段， 它 預(yù)計(jì)產(chǎn)生一個(gè)穩(wěn)定的框架， 這個(gè)框架 能夠證明， 適用于 普適計(jì)算 的 一大批至關(guān)重要 的 特點(diǎn)（或圖案） 將 被發(fā)現(xiàn) 。將根據(jù)實(shí)測外部光照水平啟動開幕或閉幕周期 ， 現(xiàn)行內(nèi)部 的 加熱水平 等 。 山東建筑大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)外文文獻(xiàn)及譯文 13 外文文獻(xiàn)： Intelligent architecture: user interface design to elicit knowledge models Abstract： Much of the difficulty in architectural design is in integrating and making explicit the knowledge of the many converging disciplines (engineering, sociology, ergonomic sand psychology, to name a few), the building requirements from many view points, and to model the plex system interactions. The many roles of the architect simply pound this. This paper describes a system currently under development—a 3Ddesign medium and intelligent analysis tool, to help elicit and make explicit these requirements. The building model is used to encapsulate information throughout the building lifecycle, from inception and master planning to construction and ?livedin? use. From the tight relationship between material behaviour of the model, function analysis and visual feedback, the aim is to help in the resolution of functional needs, so that the building meets not only the aims of the architect, but the needs of the inhabitants, users and environment. The Problem of Designing the Built Environment： It is often said that architecture is the mother of the arts since it embodies all the techniques of painting: line, colour, texture and tone, as well as those of sculpture: shape, volume, light and shadow, and the changing relative position o