【正文】
e more than three ponents involved. Therefore, it is not possible to precisely determine the reactions between a refractory and each of wet liquid slag, iron/steel slag, cement, molten glass, etc., which are plex, multiponent system containing more than three ponents, based on a phase diagram. However, the reactions can be generally estimated using a pertinent threeponent (ternary)phase diagram of SiO2CaOhigh temperature oxide, because the main ponents in various slags are generally SiO2and CaO. When another ponent is added to three ponents, the melting temperature is declining and the formed liquid quantity is increasing. Therefore, it is necessary to examine the situation at temperatures which are higher than the actual practice. For simplification, three ponents are considered. In this example, the situation at 16001700℃ is examined. is the isothermal section of theCaOSiO2Cr2O3 equilibrium phase diagram[1]at 1600℃ .Maximum dissolution quantity of Cr2O3 to the slag with various CaO/SiO2 ratios, which is obtained from ,isshown in ,and the quantity at 1700℃ is also shown in quantity decreases with the decrease ofCaO/SiO2 in 洛陽理工學(xué)院畢業(yè)論文 26 slag. Isothermal section of CaOSiO2Cr2O3 equilibrium phase diagram at 1600℃ shows the saturation amounts of Cr2O3,Al2O3and MgO to the CaOSiO2 slag at 1600 ℃ ,which are estimated from the phase diagrams of CaOSiO2Cr2O3[1],CaOSiO2Al2O3[2]and CaOSiO2MgO[3]respectively. The saturation amount of Al2O3 is most for each slag. The saturation amount of Cr2O3 dissolved in the slag with 50/5030/70 of CaO/SiO2 ratio is less than that ofAl2O3 and MgO. Cr2O3 dissolution quantity is little, but knowledge on which is abounding. As an example, Fig. 4 shows the maximum dissolution quantity of MgAl1xCrxO4(MgAl2O4MgCr2O4 .)to CaMgSiO4 melt[1],which is obtained from the phase diagrams ofCaMgSiO4MgAl2xCrxO4[4].The quantity decreases with the increase of the MgCr2O4 amount in the solid solution. 洛陽理工學(xué)院畢業(yè)論文 27 Maximum dissolution quantity of Cr2O3 intoCaOSiO2 slag at 1600℃and 1700℃ Saturation amount of Cr2O3,Al2O3 and MgO to theCaOSiO2 slag at 1600℃ shows the contact surface of the refractories(75wt%Al2O325wt%Cr2O3)used for a waste melting gasifier .For the slag the saturation amount of Al2O3 is very large, and that of Cr2O3 is little, so Cr2O3 crystal precipitate and grow up. 洛陽理工學(xué)院畢業(yè)論文 28 Maximum dissolution quantity of MgAl1xCrxO4 intoCaMgSiO4 melt at 1600℃ Contact surface of the refractories (75wt%Al2O325wt%Cr2O3)used for a waste melting gasifier CorrosionResistant Improvement Effect by theCr2O3 Addition By adding Cr2O3 to other high temperature oxides, the melt generation temperature shouldn39。 洛陽理工學(xué)院畢業(yè)論文 21 謝 辭 感謝岳衛(wèi)東老師指導(dǎo)我論文的寫作方向和構(gòu)架以及思維方法上的啟發(fā),并對論文初稿進(jìn)行了認(rèn)真的批閱,指出其中謬誤之處和構(gòu)架的不足,給與了細(xì)心地指導(dǎo),提出了和好的建議。因此,必須嚴(yán)格選用各種原材料。圖 42為含有 圖 4 2? 含碳 化硼的復(fù)合石墨化炭黑的 XRD 圖譜 〇 石墨 。 表 31 鎂碳磚的理化指標(biāo) 項目 MT10A MT10B MT10C MT14A MT14B MT14C MT18A MT18B MT18C MgO%≥ 80 78 76 76 74 74 72 70 70 C%≥ 10 10 10 14 14 14 18 18 18 顯氣孔率 %≤ 4 5 6 4 5 6 3 4 5 體積密度 g/cm≥ 常溫耐壓強度 MPa ≥ 40 35 30 40 35 25 40 35 25 高溫抗折強度 MPa ≥ 6 5 4 12 8 5 10 7 4 洛陽理工學(xué)院畢業(yè)論文 16 表 32 轉(zhuǎn)爐各部位爐襯的工作條件 部位 爐襯工作條件 爐口 裝料、吹煉、出鋼、倒渣時溫度變化大 。根據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)爐爐體部位損毀的特點,使用不同品級的鎂碳磚配合砌筑 ,形成均衡損毀的綜合爐襯。因此,在滿足鋼水澆注的前提下,煉鋼過程溫度控制和終點溫度越低對提高爐襯壽命就越有利。從生產(chǎn)角度看,它直接影響產(chǎn)品合格率,提高了生 產(chǎn)成本和生產(chǎn)一線工人的勞動強度,使企業(yè)造成很大損失。在壓制過程中,壓力的大小和時間是影響層裂和尺寸的關(guān)鍵因素。必須控制合適的粉料濕度才能正常生產(chǎn)。 圖 22 鎂碳磚配合料粒度分布曲線 小粒徑的顆粒的比表面積較大,在加入時會帶入更多的空氣,使層裂的產(chǎn)生幾率增加;而作為骨架材料的大粒徑顆粒較少同 樣也會造成層裂。產(chǎn)品層裂也是用戶嚴(yán)格要求不準(zhǔn)出現(xiàn)的指標(biāo)之一。 成型工序首先要選擇合適噸位的壓力機。生產(chǎn) MgOC磚時,若不注意混煉時的加料次序,則泥料的可塑性和成型性將受到影響,從而影響到制品的成品率與使用性能。成型時應(yīng)該嚴(yán)格按照先輕后重、多次加壓的操作規(guī)程進(jìn)行壓制,以免產(chǎn)生裂紋,最好采用抽真空、排氣加壓裝置,成型后磚坯浸防滑劑進(jìn)行防滑處理,避免施工時發(fā)生安全事故。目前主要通過添加抗氧化劑(金屬鋁粉,硅粉,鋁鎂合金粉,碳化硅,碳化硼)的手段來提高鎂碳磚的抗氧化性能。經(jīng)驗證明,加入復(fù)合防氧化劑效果比加入單一防氧化劑效果要好。天然鱗片石墨的熔點高達(dá) 3700℃ ,它具有典型的片層狀結(jié)構(gòu)、高的導(dǎo)熱率和低膨脹系數(shù)及彈性模量,是生產(chǎn)鎂碳磚理想的碳素材料。電熔鎂砂與燒結(jié)鎂砂相比具有方鎂石 結(jié)晶粒粗大、顆粒體積密度大等優(yōu)點。鎂砂是 耐火材料 最重要的 原料 之一,用于制造各種 鎂磚 、 鎂鋁磚 、 搗打料 、補爐料 等。 鎂碳磚由于其優(yōu)異的抗侵蝕性及抗熱震性 ,在各類煉鋼爐上作為爐襯材料被廣泛使用。 本文以鎂碳磚為研究對象 ,進(jìn)行了原料選取和工藝優(yōu)化及性能改進(jìn)方面的研究。在論文末章介紹了鎂碳磚 在技術(shù)上的發(fā)展趨勢。洛陽理工學(xué)院畢業(yè)論文 1 畢業(yè)論文 鎂碳磚的制備與應(yīng)用 摘 要 鎂碳磚是國際上新興的耐火材料產(chǎn)品,鎂碳磚具有高耐火性 ,良好的抗熱震性、抗剝落、抗渣性。隨之重點介紹了鎂碳磚在轉(zhuǎn)爐上的應(yīng)用重點闡述了 使用環(huán)境對其使用效果的影響。因此 ,研究鎂碳磚的生產(chǎn)工藝 ,改進(jìn)