【正文】 ccessful book. B Climate change could turn the Arctic Ocean into a highspeed ice superhighway. Large pieces of sea ice in the Arctic are being thinner as old ice melts. The new ice that’s replacing it travels farther and faster than the older ice had. As the new ice travels, it carries dirt, anisms and pollution along for the ride, new research shows. Researchers have been tracking the movements of the Arctic ice for several years. They noticed that the area covered by ice making the trip from one side of ocean to the other has grown larger and larger. That movement means that faraway reaches of the Arctic are being more connected, notes Robert Newton, from Columbia University. The speedy ice is a problem, he explains. “The ice in the Arctic is surprisingly polluted,” he said. “When the ice travels from one part of the Arctic to the other, it carries all that material with it.” Winds sweep airborne pollution north from lower latitudes. Much of that pollution can settle into the ocean and onto sea ice. Industries along Arctic coastlines, such as gold mining and oil drilling, also can pollute the region’s waters. As new ice forms in the fall and winter, that pollution gets trapped inside the ice. When that ice then melts in the spring and summer, it’ll bring the pollution it carried back into the ocean. In the study, the researchers put together pictures of the Arctic. The pictures came from satellites far above the surface. They used puter software that can recognize the edges of sea ice. This allowed them to follow the movements of the ice from formation to melting. To help them do that, they also included tracking buoys(浮標 )on the ice that had been equipped with GPS devices. About 60% of the Arctic ice travels less than 100 kilometers from its birthplace, they found. The rest covers an area equal to tens of thousands of square kilometers. It can travel hundreds or even thousands of kilometers. And that ice is moving faster as well. does the text focus on? A. Climate change is being more serious. B. The Arctic ice travels fast and carries pollution. C. It’s difficult to follow the movements of the ice. D. The Arctic is likely to be covered by the ice. Newton considers the speedy ice to be a problem because it_______. A. travels much faster than before B. is much easier to pollute than before C. results in more environmental disasters D. increases the risk of spreading pollution fourth paragraph is intended to show how______. A. the ice gets polluted B. the ocean is damaged C. the ice es into being D. the ocean changes the ice does the underlined word “that” in Paragraph 5 refer to? A. Using puter software. B. Taking photos of the Arctic. C. Following the movements of the ice. D. Collecting pictures through satellites. C Who knows why kids do anything? When it es to cyberbullying (網(wǎng)絡(luò)欺凌 ), they are often motivated by anger or frustration (挫敗感 ). Sometimes they do it for entertainment or because they are bored and have too much time on their hands and too many tech toys available to them. Many do it for laughs or to get a reaction. Some do it by accident, without thinking before they do something. The powerhungry do it to make others suffer. And some think they are righting wrong and standing up for others. Because their motives differ, the solutions and responses to each type of cyberbullying incident has to differ, too. There is no “one size fits all” when cyberbullying is concerned. However, education can help considerably in preventing and dealing with the consequences of cyberbullying. If we can help kids understand how much bullying hurts, and how in many cases words can hurt, fewer may cooperate with the cyberbullies. They will think twice before forwarding a hurtful , or visiting a cyberbullying “vote for the fat girl” site, or allowing others to take videos or cell phone pictures of personal moments. And, in addition to not lending their efforts to continue the cyberbullying, we also need to teach our children not to stand silently by while others are being hurt. Martin Luther King, Jr. once said that in the end we will remember not the words of our enemies, but the silence of our friends. Kids will feel more fortable to break the silence if given an anonymous (匿名的 ) method of reporting cyberbullying websites. School administration, munity groups and even school policing staff can receive these anonymous tips and take action quickly. If our children do not allow the cyberbullies to use them to embarrass or hurt others and realize that silence, when others are being hurt, is not acceptable, cyberbullying will quickly stop. It’s a tall task, but a noble goal. And in the end, our children will be safer online and offline. We will have helped create a