anintroductiontosixsigma(ppt32)(存儲(chǔ)版)
【正文】 le 99% Good is Not Good Enough ? 5,000 incorrect surgical procedures each week ? 20,000 lost articles of mail each hour ? No electricity for almost 7 hours each month ? Unsafe drinking water for almost 15 minutes each day Where Does Industry Stand? 7 Sigma Scale of Measure 1,000,000 100,000 10,000 1,000 100 10 1 PPM ?? Restaurant Bills Doctor Prescription Writing Payroll Processing Order Writeup Journal Vouchers Wire Transfers Airline Baggage Handling Purchased Material Lot Reject Rate Domestic Airline Flight Fatality Rate ( PPM) BestinClass Average Company 3 4 5 6 2 1IRS Tax Advice (phonein) (140,000 PPM) How Does Six Sigma Make the Difference? ? Vision ? Philosophy ? Vehicle for: 187。 .., Customer Y Define Performance Standards For Y Validate Measurement System for Y Establish Process Capability of Creating Y Define Improvement Objectives For Y Identify Variation Sources In Y Screen Potential Causes For Change In Y Identify Vital Few x i Discover Variable Relationships Between Vital Few x i Establish Operating Tolerances On Vital Few x i Validate Measurement System For x i Determine Ability To Control Vital Few x i Implement Process Control System On Vital Few x i SIX SIGMA METHODS GENERATE DATABASED DECISIONS * What To Do With the Vital Few. . . . . Process KPIV KPIV KPIV KPOV CTQ Vital Few “Correct” (InSpec) Defect Free !!! KPIV Control Control Control Inputs Note: Statistically proven relationships between Inputs and Outputs Manufacturing Variation Causes A Hidden Factory Increased Cost Lost Capacity The process map reveals this hidden factory Yield After Inspection or Test Each defect must be detected, repaired and placed back in the process. Each defect costs time and money. Scrap Rework Hidden Factory NOT OK Operation Inputs Inspect First Time Yield OK ? Wasted Time ? Wasted Money ? Wasted Resources ? Wasted Floor space 90% Customer Quality Defects and the Hidden Factory Rolled Throughput Yield 66% ? 90% ... why not? Scrap 90% Customer Quality Rework Hidden Factory NOT OK Yield After Inspection or Test Operation Inputs Inspect First Time Yield = OK Process A B C 90% Yield 90% Yield 90% Yield Rolled Yield 81 % 73 % 90% Yield Final Test D 66 % Using “final test (or first time) yield” ignore
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