【正文】 ss Pass Pass Pass 24 Pass Pass Pass Pass Pass Fail Pass 25 Fail Fail Fail Fail Fail Fail Fail 26 Pass Pass Pass Pass Pass Pass Pass 27 Pass Pass Pass Pass Pass Pass Pass 28 Pass Pass Pass Pass Pass Pass Pass 29 Fail Fail Fail Fail Fail Fail Fail 30 Pass Pass Pass Pass Pass Pass Pass Operator 1 Operator 2 Operator 3 Attribute MSA Example Open file Scoring Example ? 100% is target for all scores – 100% indicates training required ? % Appraiser score = repeatability ? Screen % Effectiveness Score = reproducibility ? % Score vs. Attribute – individual error against a known population ? Screen % Effective vs. Attribute – Total error against a known population % % % % % % SCREEN % EFFECTIVE SCORE % SCREEN % EFFECTIVE SCORE vs. ATTRIBUTE % % APPRAISER SCORE % SCORE VS. ATTRIBUTE Statistical Report Statistical Report Statistical Report Cont MINITAB Method Data Entry ? Same data as Excel example 與 Excel例中相同的數(shù)據(jù) ? Arranged in multiple columns 數(shù)據(jù)存放在多欄中 ? Data can also be stacked in single column 數(shù)據(jù)也可以堆疊在單獨(dú)一欄中 Attribute Study MINITAB Analysis Attribute Study MINITAB Analysis 1. Select “Multiple Columns” if data is unstacked 2. Enter number of appraisers and trials 3. Enter name of column with “Known” 4. Select OK 1. Select “Single Column” if data is stacked A p p r a i s e rPercent3211 0 09 08 07 06 09 5 . 0 % ? C IP e r c e n tA p p r a i s e rPercent3211 0 09 08 07 06 09 5 . 0 % ? C IP e r c e n tD a t e o f s t u d y : R e p o r t e d b y :N a m e o f p r o d u c t :M i s c :A s s e s s m e n t A g r e e m e n tW i t h i n A p p r a i s e r s A p p r a i s e r v s S t a n d a r dMINITAB Graphical Output Lower variation within appraiser Higher variation within appraiser Lower variation appraiser vs. standard Higher variation appraiser vs. standard Not included if no “Known” MINITAB Session Window Results Each Appraiser vs. Standard Assessment Agreement Appraiser Inspected Matched Percent (%) % CI Bob 30 28 ( , ) Sue 30 29 ( , ) Tom 30 24 ( , ) Matched: Appraiser39。 ? 數(shù)據(jù)錄入員將小組答案錄入 Attribute R ? 全部完成后，老師將提供標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案 。 ? 發(fā)給每組 3份 Attribute Gage RR 樣本。 (MSA手冊第三版定義 ) Measurement System As A Process Cleanliness Temperature Dimension Weight Corrosion Hardness Conductivity Density Sequence Timing Positioning Location Setup Preparation Cleanliness Temperature Design Precision Calibration Resolution Stability Wear Cleanliness Vibration Atmospheric pressure Lighting Temperature Humidity Complianceprocedure Fatigue Attention Calculation error Interpretation Speed Coordination Vision Knowledgeinstrument Dexterity People Environment Measurement Error Method Material Machine Components Of Measurement Error ? Resolution/Discrimination 分辨率 ? Accuracy (bias effects) 準(zhǔn)確度（偏離） ? Linearity 線性 ? Stability (consistency) 穩(wěn)定性（一致性） ? Repeatability (Precision) 重復(fù)性（精度） ? Reproducibility (Precision) 再現(xiàn)性（精度） Each ponent of measurement error can contribute to variation, causing wrong decisions to be made 測量誤差的每一項(xiàng)都可能對變差造成影響而使我們做出錯誤的決策 Categories Of Measurement Error Which Affect Location 影響位置的測量誤差 Accuracy/ Bias Linearity Stability Categories Of Measurement Error Which Affect Spread 影響分布的測量誤差 Repeatability Reproducibility Precision Resolution/Discrimination 分辨率 Can change be detected? 能偵測到改變嗎？ Resolution? Accuracy/Bias? Linearity? Stability? Precision (RR)? OK OK OK OK Resolution Definitions 分辨率定義 ? Resolution/Discrimination 分辨率 – Capability to detect the smallest tolerable changes 可以偵測最小變化的能力 ? Inadequate Measurement Units 不充分的度量單位 – Measurement units too large to detect variation present 度量單位過大而不能偵測到變化 ? Guideline: “10 Bucket Rule” 1/10原則 – Increments in the measurement system should be onetenth the product specification or process variation 測量系統(tǒng)必須精確到產(chǎn)品范圍或過程變差的 1/10 Same process output being measured 1 2 3 4 5 Better Discrimination 1 2 3 4 5 Poor Discrimination 1 Resolution/Discrimination 分辨率 Resolution 分辨率 On Hold plaints per hour 每小時的投訴 Complaint Number Transfers 50 Disputes 210 Information 143 Other 12 Total 415 What is the customer’s biggest plaint? On Hold plaints per hour Complaint