【正文】 l the alternative pronunciations shown for academician.3. The pronunciation of Addis Ababa.4. The second pronunciation of manageress.5. A regional pronunciation of misrepresentation.EXERCISE 18Quiz on alternative pronunciations. Use the dictionary to answer the following questions.1. Can exorcise be pronounced like exercise?2. How many British and American pronunciations exist for majority? Transcribe each one.153. mandatory is the pronunciation m230。d ?n Some say ?s230。we?k ?n ? 39。b??l n?sand less monly in bd, gd, d?d, vd, 240。kwe?nt ?nts ................7. f|ort, C~ 39。t been done since I moved in.B: What colour is it? A: It39。 circle those which have undergone elision or insertion. Use Key B to check. Suggestion 2. Listen to the conversation, with the book closed, and transcribe it. You can use Key B to check your transcription. Suggestion 3. When you have listened to the conversation, (and followed suggestion 1 or 2). practise saying the conversation. Record yourself, and pare your version with the one on the cassette. A: I39。d?st ?nts ................4. mince m?nts ................5. triumph n, v, T~ 39。f??s liand less monly in pt, kt, t?t, θt, ?td may be elided in Id, nd . baldness 39。nd? ? ?ri?m ?t230。stɑ? ?θra?t ?s ɑ?θ ??ra?t ?s?tɑ?p m230。sp ? re?t eg, ?g, ?k, ek, ?k, ?zɑ?sp .................Alternative pronunciations involving the symbol ?Unstressed syllables in the middle of a multisyllabic word are often shown in relation to a stressed syllable. This ensures that you know which syllable is being referred to.This square block preceded by a stress mark stands for the stressed syllable in front of the alternative pronunciation. The alternative pronunciation of the word is thus:?m230。b se??l ?230。?str?l ?? i. Only the first syllable, is different. This is given in the dictionary, and the rest of the pronunciation is represented by a hyphen ().EXERCISE 13The following words all have one or more alternative pronunciations of the first syllable. (The number in brackets shows the number of alternatives.)a. Can you think what the alternatives are? Write what you think.b. Look the words up in the dictionary, and note the alternatives shown. Correct what you wrote, if necessary.1. accept 230。θ b230。d230。 ? e. ?k230。s introduction and notes.? Diagnostic exercises in the early sections to enable you to assess your proficiency and select appropriate material.? Explicit statements of aims to show the purpose of each exercise.? A key at the back of the book for checking the answers to exercises, where these are not immediately obvious from the dictionary.The cassette provides three types of material:? Illustration of pronunciations you see in the book and dictionary.? Exercises.? A means of checking your answers to certain exercises.HOW TO USE THE STUDY GUIDEYou can work through the guide from beginning to end, or you can plan your own programme to meet your needs.Planning a programme? Look at the Contents List.? Use the diagnostic exercises in the early sections.? Look at the aims of sections and of specific exercises.? Select the sections and exercises which are useful for you.Using the mentary and exercises? It is always helpful to say the pronunciations you are reading, to make them clear and to fix them in your memory. This may not be possible, for example if you are working in a library. But if you are working by yourself, or with others also using the study guide, make a habit of saying the pronunciations.? Always look up pronunciations in the dictionary when you are told to do so. In some exercises, the words to look up begin with the same letter, to speed up the search.? Some exercises involve transcription。 this, other, smooth ? o? goat, show, no? ? s soon, cease, sister ? ?? variant in cold? ? z zero, zone, roses, buzz ? ? a? mouth, now? ? ? ship, sure, station ? ?? near, here, serious? ? ? pleasure, vision ? e? square, fair, various? ? h hot, whole, behind ? ? ɑ? start, father? ? m more, hammer, sum ? ɑ? lot, odd? ? n nice, know, funny, sun ? ?? thought, law? ? ? ring, long, thanks, sung ? ?? thought, law? ? l light, valley, feel ? ? ?? north, war? ? r right, sorry, arrange ? o? variant in force, four? ? j yet, use, beauty ? ?? cure, poor, jury? ? w wet, one, when, queen ? ?? nurse, stirIn foreign words only: ? ?? nurse, stir, courage? ? x loch, chutzpah ? ? i happy, radiation, glorious? ? Llanelli, Hluhluwe ? ? ? about, ma, mon? ? u influence, situation, annual? ? ? intend, basic? ? stimulus, educateIn foreign words only:? ?? grand prix, chanson? ? ɑ?? grand prix, chanson? ??? chanson? ? 230。t ?ktime taken:................e. phoic .... 9. ?s?n ?10. ?ple? ?f. sinner .... 11. ?nju?t ?12. ?w??d ig. shield .... 13. ?si?z ??14. ???h. an .... 15. pli?z16. si?ldi. please .... 17. ???g ?n18. ?f?? ne?mj. jeer .... 19. ?si?z ?n20. ?w??240。d230。 ? f?l, ? ‖ ?bju?t When you have worked out what you think, check your answer in the key.If you got the right answer, you made good use of the conventions which enable the dictionary to present so much information in such a small space. You do not need to work through exercises 1316. Go straight on to exercise 17.If you didn39。 the final syllable is given (with an alternative), and the first two syllables, which are the same as the main English pronunciation, are replaced by a hyphen.EXERCISE 14The following words all have one or more alternative pronunciations of the last syllable. (The number in brackets shows the number of alternatives.)a. Can you think what the alternatives are? Write what you think.b. Look the words up in the dictionary, and note the alternatives shown. Correct what you wrote, if necessary.1. garage ?g230。p sa??l ?230。n ?de?t ?r i used in America?4. TRUE OR FALSE? ‘Nobody uses /s/ in the middle of appreciate.’5. TRUE OR