【正文】 ntains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2．I Cry, Therefore I am［A］In 2008, at a German zoo, a gorilla (大猩猩) named Gana gave birth to a male infant, who died after three months. Photographs of Gana, looking stricken and inconsolable(傷心欲絕的), attracted crowds to the zoo. Sad as the scene was, the humans, not Gana, were the only ones crying. The notion that animals can weep has no scientific basis. Years of observations by the biologists Dian Fossey, who observed gorillas, and Jane Goodall, who worked with chimpanzees (黑猩猩), could not prove that animals cry tears from emotion.［B］Its true that many animals shed tears, especially in response to pain. Tears protect the eye by keeping it moist. But crying as an expression of feeling is unique to humans and has played an essential role in human evolution and the development of human cultures.［C］Within two days an infant can imitate sad and happy faces. If an infant does not cry out, it is unlikely to get the attention it needs to survive. Around 34 months, the relationship between the human infant and its environment takes on a more organized municative role, and tearful crying begins to serve interpersonal purposes: the search for fort and pacification (撫慰). As we get older, crying bees a tool of our social interaction: grief and joy, shame and pride, fear and manipulation.［D］Tears are as universal as laughter, and grief is more plex than joy. But although we all cry, we do so in different ways. Women cry more frequently and intensely than men, especially when exposed to emotional events. Like crying, depression is, around the world, more monly seen in women than in men. One explanation might be that women, who despite decades of social advances still suffer from economic inequality, discrimination(歧視) and even violence, might have more to cry about. Men not only cry for shorter periods than women, but they also are less inclined to explain their tears, usually shed them more quietly, and tend more frequently to apologize when they cry openly. Men, like women, report crying at the death of a loved one and in response to a moving religious experience. They are more likely than women to cry when their core identities—as providers and protectors, as fathers and fighters—are questioned.［E］People who score on personality tests as more sympathetic cry more than those who are more rigid or have more selfcontrol. Frequency of crying varies widely: some shed tears at any novel or movie, others only a handful of times in their lives. Crying in response to stress and conflict in the home, or after emotional trauma(創(chuàng)傷), lasts much longer than tears induced by everyday sadness—which in turn last longer than tears of delight and joy.［F］Sadness is our primary association with crying, but the fact is that people report feeling happier after crying. Surveys estimate that 85% of women and 73% of men report feeling better after shedding tears. Surprisingly, crying is more monly associated with minor forms of depression than with major depression involving suicidal thoughts.［G］People widely report that crying relieves tension, restores emotional balance and provides “catharsis,” a washing out of bad feelings. The term “catharsis” has religious implications of removing evil and sin。如有需要，考生可根據(jù)前言指引前去下載。通過閱讀，人們能更好地學會感恩、有責任心和與人合作，而教育的目的正是要培養(yǎng)這些基本素質(zhì)。第三段：小結(jié)游覽該景點令人愉快。女士收到了一個新工作的邀請，想征詢男士的建議，說明她有辭去現(xiàn)有工作的打算，否則也不會去征詢別人的建議，因此D選項正確。18.【答案解析】C短文在提到“do not move too much”之后，用“Exercise warms you up, but it also causes you to lose body heat”解釋了不要運動過多的原因，C選項是原文再現(xiàn)，因此正確。15.【答案解析】B男士對于女士收到的工作邀請的評價，說道“its a real honor for you”，這里的you指代對話的女士the woman；之后又說“its an honor for the bank, too”，這里的the bank也就是女士的現(xiàn)任公司（現(xiàn)任雇主），B選項是對男士話語的同義轉(zhuǎn)述，因此正確。10.【答案解析】D在女士問完“Do you like cooking?”且得到男士肯定的答案后，說道“you might like a mixer（攪拌機）…And a blender（榨汁機）too”，說明女士為了向男士推薦廚具而詢問男士是否喜歡做飯。先總說，即給出主題句；接著分述細節(jié)，提供例證；最后進行總結(jié)。 and the ability to feel others sadness—all were critical parts of the neurobiological changes that made as human. ［N］More recently, weve learned from neuroscience that certain brain circuits (回路) are activated(激活), rapidly and unconsciously, when we see another in emotional distress. In short, our brain evolved circuits to allow us to experience sympathy, which in turn made civilization, and an ethics based on sympathy, possible. So the next time you reach a tissue box, or sob on a friends shoulder, or shed tears at the movies, stop and reflect on why we cry and what it means to cry. Because ultimately, while we love to cry, we also cry to love. people respect the privacy of grief more than in the past. cry to attract attention for survival. is no scientific evidence as yet that animals can shed tears from emotion. can perform certain municative functions which words cannot. ability to experience sympathy is essential to the development of civilization. are more inclined to cry when suffering minor forms of depression. people cannot cry despite genuine grief. humans long history, tears have developed an essential role in social relationships. are less likely to give reasons for their tears. has long been associated with art.Section CDirections:There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C)and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.Hospitals, hoping to curb medical error, have invested heavily to put puters, smartphones and other devices into the hands of medical staff for instant access to patient data, drug information and case studies. Bu