【正文】 late yesterday. （昨天我遲到了。如：wanted, needed 　　不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過去式大體上歸納有以下六條記憶法： 　　1. 以t結(jié)尾的詞，過去式與原形相同。 To get there by bike will take us half an hour. ⑤It seems(appears)＋形容詞＋to do 這一句式有時(shí)相當(dāng)于Sb is＋形容詞＋to do句式 ，如：It39。 It39。 ②動(dòng)名詞結(jié)構(gòu)作主語，可以用名詞或代詞屬格形式作邏輯主語。如：agree,ask,aim,arrange,choose,decide,demand,expect,fail ,help,hope,lean,long,manage,offer,plan,prepare,pretend,promise,refuse,wish等，這些詞大部分可接th at引導(dǎo)的從句。 ②當(dāng)復(fù)合賓語中的賓語是不定式時(shí)，先用形式賓語it代替不定式，把不定式置于補(bǔ)語之后，即：主語＋動(dòng) 詞＋it＋補(bǔ)語＋to do句式。 I should go to attend the birthday celebration instead of staying at home. was happening. t permit our swimming in the lake. t forget fo post the letter for me. I meant to catch up with the early bus. On the way to the airport,I stopped to buy a paper. t help doing 禁不住…… We39。 ①To be kind to the enemy is to be cruel to the people. ②Have you anything to be taken to your sister? ③All moving bodies have energy. ②I want you to understand the whole passage clearly. (3)感覺動(dòng)詞和使役動(dòng)詞后用作賓補(bǔ)的不定式須省略to。 ②They make the students do too much homework every day. I39。 ①He was not allowed to enter the classroom for being late. (3)在部分表示感情色彩的形容詞、過去分詞或動(dòng)詞之后可接不定式，如：astonished,glad,happy,laugh ,pleased, sad,smile,sorry,surprised等。 We came home after our holiday to find our garden neat and tidy. such…as to I39。 ④too…to 如： ②We have too much to （不定式作定語）。 To tell the truth,the play was a great disappointment tome. ③I asked Professor Xu how to learn English well. 如： The teacher happened to be correcting our papers when Icame in. Can you tell me which is the car to be repaired?（不定式作定語） ①一般式：動(dòng)名詞的一般式所表示的動(dòng)作可以是泛指，也可與謂語動(dòng)詞同時(shí)發(fā)生，或發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)作之前 、之后。 The bike needs repairing. ③—Don39。 ④—Try to be back by 12,won39。 另外，be going to,ought to,used to等也常用于這一結(jié)構(gòu)中。 Why spend such a lot of money? 不定式短語作主語時(shí)，往往放在謂語之后，用it作形式賓語。另外，在can’t choose but和can’t help but等后面的不定式也省略to。如： I am very glad to hear it. The question is difficult to answer. “too + 形容詞或副詞 + 不定式”作狀語。 I have got a letter to write. （I write letter. ） He needs a room to live in. （He lives in a room. ） I know what to do. （I do what. ） 但這句如改為下列形式，不定式就得用被動(dòng)形式：I know what is to be done. 這是因?yàn)閣hat is to be done是賓語從句，從句中的主語what是動(dòng)詞do的動(dòng)作對象。例如： I’m sorry to have kept you waiting. 3．不定式的語態(tài) 當(dāng)不定式邏輯上的主語是這個(gè)不定式所表示的動(dòng)作的承受者時(shí)，不定式一般要用被動(dòng)形式。 (2)用it作形式主語，把真正的主語不定式置于句后，常用于下列句式中。s our duty to take good care of the old. It seemed impossible to save money. 如： s no good reading in dim light. s＋形容詞＋doing simportant for you to keep fit. 如： 如： 二、作賓語 如： s no good eating too much fat. ⒊動(dòng)詞不定式和動(dòng)名詞作主語的區(qū)別 There is no saying what will happen next. skind of you to help me with my English.=You are kind to helpme with my English. How long did it take you to finish the work? 動(dòng)詞不定式作主語時(shí)，句子的謂語動(dòng)詞常用單數(shù)，其位置有以下兩種： 例如： I saw him go out. 2）如果謂語表示的動(dòng)作（情況）發(fā)生時(shí)，不定式表示的動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行，這時(shí)不定式就要用進(jìn)行式。例如： Why not have a rest ? 9）不定式在句中用主動(dòng)式還是被動(dòng)式，多數(shù)情況下是容易判斷的，但有時(shí)的確比較復(fù)雜，請注意以下幾點(diǎn)： ①不定式修飾的名詞或代詞和不定式邏輯上構(gòu)成主謂關(guān)系時(shí)，不定式往往用主動(dòng)形式。如： I came here to see you. （目的） We were very excited to hear the news. （原因） He hurried to the school to find nobody there. （結(jié)果） To look at him, you would like him. （條件） 目的狀語還可以用in order to或so as to來表示但so as to不能置于句首。但這些句子如果變成被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，就必須帶to。不定式的邏輯主語有時(shí)有“for + 名詞或代詞賓格”構(gòu)成。 ⒎to在下列短語中是“介詞”，后接動(dòng)名詞或名詞形式。 ⒍當(dāng)兩個(gè)或更多作用相同的不定式并列使用時(shí)，只在第一個(gè)不定式前加to。t enough time. ⒋在口語中，為避免重復(fù)，常用to代替不定式結(jié)構(gòu)，有時(shí)甚至可以把to省略。 The young man came in without being noticed. 如： 在There be結(jié)構(gòu)中，修飾主語的不定式可用被動(dòng)，也可用主動(dòng)。s a great honour to be invited to Mary39。 (2)語態(tài) m sorry to have kept you waiting. We often hear Dick play the piano in the next room.（play和hear同時(shí)發(fā)生） 以上例句中疑問詞＋不定式部分，均可轉(zhuǎn)換為相應(yīng)的從句形式。如： The room is really fortable to live in. Bob took down my telephone number so as(in order)not toforget it. 六、不定式作狀語 every day. ④Would you please give me some paper to write on? ⒈不定式作定語 ④Our work is serving the people. ③What I would suggest is to put off the meeting. They left off to go fishing. ⑥go on to do 做不同的事或不同內(nèi)容的事 They couldn39。 ③try to do 設(shè)法盡力做某事 Remember to close the windows before you leave. ①hate,like,love前有would(should)時(shí)，如：I39。 動(dòng)名詞前的介詞有時(shí)可以省略，如：have difficulty(in)doing,have no trouble(in)doing,lose no ti me(in)doing,prevent/stop…(from)doing,there is no use(in)doing等。如： t know the rules. ③There is no+doing It39。 It39。 ①It39。 在句型③中，常用表示客觀情況的形容詞，如：difficult,easy,hard,important,impossible,necessary 等；在句型④中，常用careless,clever,good,foolish,honest,kind,lazy,nice,right,silly,stupid,wise等 表示贊揚(yáng)或批評的詞。 ②It takes sb+some time+to do 下面再舉一些雙寫的例子： 　　run running 　　stop stopping 　　cut cutting 　　control controlling回復(fù) 取消 動(dòng)詞不定式、動(dòng)名詞用法要點(diǎn)講解詳細(xì)內(nèi)容⒈不定式作主語 如：sing—sang, give—gave, sit—sat, drink—drank 　　但也有例外，如get的過去式是got，與第一條不符，僅僅是大多數(shù)動(dòng)詞符合。如：asked, helped, watched, stopped 　　2. 在濁輔音和元音后讀作[d]。 　　I went to the park last weekend. （我是上周去的公園） 　　在上面的句子中第一句屬于be動(dòng)詞的一般過去時(shí)態(tài)； 　　第二句和第三句屬于實(shí)義動(dòng)詞go的一般過去時(shí)態(tài)。小學(xué)常見的動(dòng)詞不規(guī)則過去式如：是be/is/am/are was, 是are were, 來ecame, 去go went, 有have had, 做/干do did, 做make made 讀read read, 放put put, 切割cut cut,寫write wrote, 帶走take took, 買buy bought, 帶來bring brought,想think thought, 看見see saw, 說say said, 說話speak spoke,打破break broke, 得到get got, 跑run ran, 告訴tell told,唱sing sang, 喝drink drank, 吃eat ate, 游泳swim swam,開始begin began, 偷steal stole, 遇見meet met, 賣sell sold, 坐sit sat,跑runran,讀readread,想要wantwant,知道know/known等等 　　表示過去某一時(shí)刻或某一段時(shí)間內(nèi)所發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或情況，通常一般過去式帶有表示動(dòng)作時(shí)間狀語的詞，詞組或從句,如 yesterday, the day before last, last week, two days ago 等,上下文清楚時(shí)可以不帶時(shí)間狀語。 she nine two years ago? Yes, she was. / No, she wasn39。 I worked in that factory last year. 去年我在那一家工廠工作。動(dòng)詞的過去式可分為規(guī)則動(dòng)詞和不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞。 　　過去式就是動(dòng)詞的變化，表示過去發(fā)生的事。 call →called （叫）stay→stayed （停留）cry→cried （哭）過去式是英語語法的一種，表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間里發(fā)生的