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110kv變電站初步設(shè)計(jì)(畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì))畢業(yè)論文(存儲(chǔ)版)

  

【正文】 ransformer always electrical energy loss accounts for the power rate about 10%. This said to the nation that, meant the whole year transformer always electrical energy loss is above 110 billion kWh, is equal economizes sum of the electric quantity in 3 medium electricity consumptions.Our country transformer loss electrical energy is so big, is because in our country39。s pine and cypress, pays the well, in the range first three townships transformer substation all has two obsolete transformers, moves spare, each transformer substation only renews a transformer to put the operation. Another spare transformer does not renew. Whole year total festival electric quantity 580,000 kW □h. Meanwhile pared to renews the transformer to save the fund nearly million Yuan pletely, and reduced the capacity to paste spends 80 ten thousand Yuan.(3) new transformers shapings want to be superior elect superiorlyCurrent our country promotes highly effective transformer main right and wrong crystalline state and S9, therefore, the obsolete transformer renews the putation is by the energy conservation crystalless condition and the S9 transformer replaces the obsolete transformer。由于變壓器臺(tái)數(shù)多,總?cè)萘看?,所以在廣義電力系統(tǒng)(包括發(fā)、供、用電)運(yùn)行中,變壓器總的電能損失占發(fā)電量的10%左右。變壓器更新?lián)Q代的科學(xué)決策在新世紀(jì),在城鄉(xiāng)電網(wǎng)改造中,我們要運(yùn)用知識(shí)經(jīng)濟(jì)和科學(xué)技術(shù),加速老舊變壓器的更新?lián)Q代。加速老舊變壓器更新?lián)Q代,這是低投入高產(chǎn)出的經(jīng)濟(jì)決策。h。另一臺(tái)備用變壓器不更新。h,總經(jīng)濟(jì)效益為13~28萬(wàn)元,所以,加速老舊變壓器更新?lián)Q代,購(gòu)置S9型變壓器是企業(yè)減虧增效之路。據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì),購(gòu)S9型變壓器雖然比購(gòu)S7型變壓器多花投資1萬(wàn)元左右。但但注意要把老舊變壓器中的劣中之優(yōu)留下做備用和特殊貯備。但通過定量的優(yōu)化計(jì)算,更新1號(hào)變壓器全年節(jié)電64萬(wàn)kW(3)加速老舊變壓器更新?lián)Q代是經(jīng)濟(jì)效益不好的企業(yè)的重要舉措之一。使我國(guó)電網(wǎng)結(jié)構(gòu)中科技含量遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)落后于發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家??傊?,造成我國(guó)電網(wǎng)損耗大的主要原因是,我國(guó)城鄉(xiāng)電網(wǎng)結(jié)構(gòu)和企業(yè)電網(wǎng)結(jié)構(gòu)中及電網(wǎng)運(yùn)行管理中科技含量太低。 investment can very quickly take back.(1) obsolete transformers renew want to be poor select poorlyIn the current many enterprises has the multi Taiwan obsolete transformer, although accelerates the obsolete transformer renewal to be able to bring the considerable economic efficiency for the enterprise. But because obsolete transformer quantity big, is impossible in a year to renew pletely all obsolete transformers, renews inevitably year by year, therefore, wants in the multi Taiwan obsolete transformer elimination to be poor selects poorly, through the quantitative evaluation loses the biggest obsolete transformer, namely elimination technology characteristic poor. Namely obtains the biggest electricity saving effect with the same investment fund. For example: The Dalian chemical plant has 2 6039。 參考文獻(xiàn) [1]范錫普主編 發(fā)電廠電氣部分(第二版) 水利電力出版社 1995[2]西北電力設(shè)計(jì)院 電力工程電氣一次設(shè)計(jì)手冊(cè) 水利電力出版社 1989[3]西北電力設(shè)計(jì)院 電力工程電氣二次設(shè)計(jì)手冊(cè) 水利電力出版社 1989[4]陳珩主編 電力系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)態(tài)分析 中國(guó)電力出版社 1998[5]李光琦主編 電力系統(tǒng)暫態(tài)分析 中國(guó)電力出版社 2002[6]賀家李 宋從矩 合編 電力系統(tǒng)繼電保護(hù) 中國(guó)電力出版社 2003英文翻譯原文Accelerates the middle and small scale obsolete transformer renewal festival pressure decrease to consume According to pertinent data estimate: From generates electricity to the power supply, to in the process generalized electrical power system each kind of electrical equipment which uses electricity (including generator, transformer, power circuit, electric motor and so on) the plete electrical energy consumption approximately poses continuously the power rate 28% ~ 33%. This to the nation said a year has 3,178 ~ billion kWh the electrical energy to lose in the movement electrical equipment, is equal in the 10 medium electricity consumptions provinces sum of electricity consumption. This indicated the electricity saving potential is extremely big, but also explained our country mesh wire damages leads excessively high, is in the world country of the output value energy consumption backwardness.Our country electrical network line damaging rate reaches as high as %, but Germany is only %, backwardness because is: One is our country electrical network structure backward, wire table weak, like in electrical network middle and small scale obsolete high energy consumption transformer capacity too big, lacks the adjustment ability, creates the accident rate high, line damaging rate is high。 在主變的變壓器裝避雷器,防止主變的高壓側(cè)出現(xiàn)過電壓。避雷針采用φ20mm的鍍鋅圓鋼,長(zhǎng)1~。 額定電壓 避雷器的額定電壓應(yīng)與系統(tǒng)額定電壓一致。如不能包括引出線時(shí),應(yīng)采取快速切除故障的輔助措施。依據(jù):《電力裝置的繼電保護(hù)和自動(dòng)裝飾設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)范》;應(yīng)裝設(shè)響應(yīng)的保護(hù)裝置。(3) 應(yīng)裝設(shè)作為變壓器外部相間短路和內(nèi)部短路的后備保護(hù)的過電壓保護(hù)。35kV及以下中性點(diǎn)非直接接地電網(wǎng)中線路保護(hù)配置1 相間短路的電流、電壓的配置根據(jù)有關(guān)規(guī)程,相間短路保護(hù)應(yīng)按下列原則配置:1)、保護(hù)的電流回路的電流互感器采用不完全星形接地,各線路保護(hù)用電流互感器均裝設(shè)在A、C兩相上,以保證在大多數(shù)兩點(diǎn)接地情況下只切除一個(gè)接地故障點(diǎn)。(2) 由逆變電流裝置單獨(dú)供電的方式。母線裝設(shè)在配電裝置上部,三相母線水平布置,兩段母線用垂直隔板隔開。母線裝設(shè)在配電裝置上部,三相母線水平布置,兩段母線用垂直隔板隔開。軌距為。它的作用是接受和分配電能。按短路關(guān)合電流選擇,應(yīng)滿足斷路器額定關(guān)合電流不小于短路沖擊電流ieg≥ich 一般等于電動(dòng)穩(wěn)定電流。(5)短路計(jì)算點(diǎn):在正常接地方式時(shí),通過電氣設(shè)備的短路電流為最大的點(diǎn)成為短路計(jì)算點(diǎn)。其計(jì)算的目的主要有以下幾個(gè)方面:(1)在選擇電氣主接線時(shí),為了比較各種接線方案,或確定某一接線是否需要采取限制短路電流的措施等,均需要進(jìn)行必要的短路電流計(jì)算;(2)在選擇電氣設(shè)備時(shí),為了保證設(shè)備在正常運(yùn)行和故障情況下都能安全可靠的工作,同時(shí)又力求節(jié)約資金,這就需要進(jìn)行全面的短路電流計(jì)算。出線回路數(shù)較多,斷路器故障或檢修較多,母聯(lián)斷路器長(zhǎng)期被占用,對(duì)變電站不利?!?角形接線多角形接線的各斷路器互相連接而成閉合的環(huán)形,是單環(huán)形接線。當(dāng)線路故障或檢修時(shí),變壓器停運(yùn);變壓器故障或檢修時(shí),線路停運(yùn)。在雙母線接線方式的基礎(chǔ)上增加一條旁路母線的接線方式不僅具有雙母線的所有優(yōu)點(diǎn),而且可以避免雙母線檢修斷路器時(shí)必須進(jìn)行短時(shí)停電的缺點(diǎn),充分保證供電的可靠性。不僅便于分段檢修母線,而且可以減少母線故障影響范圍。,在不影響連續(xù)供電或停電時(shí)間最短的情況下,投入新裝機(jī)組變壓器或線路而不互相干擾,并且對(duì)一次和二次部分改建的工作量最少。設(shè)計(jì)主接線時(shí),還應(yīng)考慮檢修母線或斷路器時(shí)是否允許線路故障、變壓器或發(fā)電機(jī)停運(yùn)。近年來(lái)隨著變壓器制造技術(shù)發(fā)展,在大容量變壓器中,采用了強(qiáng)迫油循環(huán)導(dǎo)向冷卻方式,它是用潛油泵將冷油壓入線圈之間和鐵芯的油道中,故此冷卻方式效率更高。我國(guó)110kV及以上電壓,變壓器繞組都采用Y0連接;35kV亦采用Y連接,其中性點(diǎn)多經(jīng)過消弧線圈接地。已知系統(tǒng)情況為系統(tǒng)通過雙回110kV架空線路向待設(shè)計(jì)變電所供電,且在該待設(shè)計(jì)變電所的負(fù)荷中,同時(shí)存在有一、二級(jí)負(fù)荷,故在設(shè)計(jì)中選擇兩臺(tái)主變壓器。10KV電壓級(jí),電纜出線3回,輸送距離4km,每回輸送功率3MW;架空輸電線4回,輸送距離7km,每回輸送功率4MW。在防雷上采用通用的防雷設(shè)計(jì)方法。電能生產(chǎn)的特點(diǎn)是發(fā)電、變電、輸電和用電是在同一時(shí)刻完成的,具有同時(shí)性。!摘要由于某地區(qū)電力系統(tǒng)的發(fā)展和負(fù)荷增長(zhǎng),擬建一座110KV變電站,向該地區(qū)用35KV和10KV兩個(gè)電壓等級(jí)供電。 在設(shè)計(jì)中,有設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù)書、設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明書、設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算書、 繪圖以及相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)翻譯等。10kV電壓等級(jí)下共有出線7回,其中一級(jí)負(fù)荷為4回,分別為鎮(zhèn)區(qū)變、機(jī)械廠、紡織廠耐火材料廠。對(duì)于有重要負(fù)荷的變電所,應(yīng)考慮當(dāng)一臺(tái)主變壓器停運(yùn)時(shí),其余變壓器容量在計(jì)及過負(fù)荷能力后的允許時(shí)間內(nèi),應(yīng)保證用戶的一級(jí)和二級(jí)負(fù)荷。根據(jù)該待設(shè)計(jì)變電所負(fù)荷分析確定:采用兩臺(tái)主變壓器。規(guī)矩(mm)變壓器型號(hào)中字母代表的含義:S在第一位表示三相,在第三、第四則表示三繞組F代表油浸風(fēng)冷 Z代表有載調(diào)壓J代表油浸自冷L代表鋁繞組或防雷P代表強(qiáng)迫油循環(huán)風(fēng)冷D代表自耦,在第一位表示降壓,在末位表示升壓X代表消弧線圈
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