【正文】 實(shí)時(shí)性、數(shù)據(jù)接口的開放性以及數(shù)據(jù)鏈接的安全性的要求越來越高，有線控制網(wǎng)絡(luò)的局限性也越來越突出，無線的優(yōu)勢也越來越明顯。目前市場上的近距離無線通信技術(shù)有很多種，如無線局域網(wǎng)WiFi、藍(lán)牙、IrDA、UWB、RF等。在這次畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)中也給我很大的幫助。 it is enough to put all PCBs, sensors and battery in it. Taking into account the small shell of the explosive performance is not very good, the design of PCBs and the selection of ponent are all carried out the safety assessment.B. Fixed NodeFixed node is installed in the wall of the underground tunnel. Because it is big than the mobile node, it is not appropriate to carry around. The circuit of the fixed node is almost same with the mobile node, it also use a CC2530 chip as core processor. Because of underground tunnels generally deploy with power cable, fixed nodes can use cable powersupply modes. At the same time, because we use wireless signal transmission, the deployment of new fixed nodes bee very convenient, which also resolves the problem of the signal lines deployment.As a fixed node, the minor who is doing work may far from it, in order to facilitate the miners observed environmental data around the fixed nodes, it uses LED digital display. At the same time, the large current LED lights and buzzer are designed in the circuit。s point of view, CC2431’s hardware location engine has a very simple API interface, as long as writing the necessary parameters and waiting for calculation, it can read the location results.The hardware location engine is also based on RSSI technology. The localization system includes reference nodes and blind nodes. The reference node is a fixed node that located in a known position, the node know their place and send a packet notify to other nodes. The blind node receives packets from reference nodes, which can obtains reference nodes’ location and the corresponding RSSI value and put them into the hardware location engine, and then the blind node’s location can be read from the engine. On the surface, using the CC2431 hardware location engine targeting the program as a good choice, but considering the practical application, it will encounter the following problems. First of all, we have choose the CC2530 as the main chip of fixed nodes of the system, its internal programs is running in Zigbee2007 protocol, but CC2431 as a early chip, it applies only to Zigbee2006 protocol. In the munications between CC2431 and CC2530 that will have patibility problems. Secondly, CC2431 hardware location engine use the distributed puting, all mobile nodes’ location are calculated by themselves, and then they upload information to the gateway node, this will not only occupy the mobile node processing time, still it can take up more network resources. For this reason, we have to shelve this approach, consider how to implement location by using CC2530 chip.B. Software Location Engine If we want to use CC2530 to implement location function, that we must write software location engine by ourselves. Because that chip do not have a hardware location engine inside of it. This software location engine is still used RSSI technology。 it is only responsible for data forwarding. But considering the practical application, we believe that add sensor devices on the router will be better on monitoring underground coal mine environment. So in our design, the router also has an environment monitoring function which is usually designed in end device.Fixed node will sent received data from mobile node to the gateway, then the gateway transmits data to monitor puter through RS232 or optical fiber. The PC monitor software in the puter will process all data and display them in a visualization window. The PC software also calculates each mobile node’s realtime location through the specific localization algorithm, according to the received signal strength (RSSI) obtained from mobile nodes.III. NODE DESIGNSince the Zigbee wireless network platform sold on present market was designed for the general environment, for special underground so they are not suitable for the environment. Therefore, we need to customize the system for underground environment whit a special hardware circuit. Node photo are shown in Fig. 1Then wireless microcontroller CC2530 chip is the core processor of the node device, it can constitute a Zigbee network with very few peripheral circuits. The CC2530 is an IEEE pliant true SystemonChip, supporting the proprietary market as well as the Zigbee, Zigbee PRO, and Zigbee RF4CE standards. Unlike other wireless chip, CC2530 builtin 8051 monolithic integrated circuits kernel, therefore we no longer need to use a single MCU to control the circuit, and this save us a lot of cost.A. Mobile NodeThe mobile node is the end device of a Zigbee network that can be carried by miner。參考文獻(xiàn)[1] 葉朝輝,[J].計(jì)算機(jī)應(yīng)用研究,2000.[2] 徐君麗,劉冀偉,[M].微計(jì)算機(jī)信息,2005.[3] 高守瑋,[M].北京航空航天大學(xué)出版社,2011.[4] [D].武漢科技大學(xué),2009[5] Jane K,Hart,Kirk Sensor Networks：A revolution in the earth system —Science Reviews,2006.[6] [J].高等教育出版社,2010.[7] [M].華南理工大學(xué)出版社,2007 [8] [M].重慶大學(xué)出版社,2003 [9] [M].清華大學(xué)出版社,2002.[10] [M].清華大學(xué)出版社,2010.[11] [M].北京:電子工業(yè)出版社,2000.[12] 孫利民,2005.[13] 陳玲,2004. 致謝在這次畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)中，楊明老師給了我很大的幫助。還有報(bào)警方面做得還不夠完善，有待提高。測試結(jié)果：通訊正常。 軟件測試(1)傳感器采樣程序測試，以1s或2s間隔頻率采集各個(gè)傳感器，連續(xù)采集24小時(shí)以上，觀察LCD顯示是否有異常數(shù)據(jù)出現(xiàn)。程序初始化結(jié)束后，系統(tǒng)進(jìn)入監(jiān)控狀態(tài)。(2)數(shù)據(jù)顯示功能：能夠在LCD上將采集處理后的傳感器數(shù)據(jù)實(shí)時(shí)顯示。Zigbee技術(shù)是一種雙向性無線短距離通信技術(shù)，具有通信距離短、能耗低、復(fù)雜度低、數(shù)據(jù)傳輸速率低、制作成本低等諸多特點(diǎn)。在滿足傳感器電性能要求的前提下，VC和VH可以共用同一個(gè)電源電路VCC。圖43 CC2530最小系統(tǒng)的電路圖圖44 數(shù)字溫濕度傳感器電路圖 煙霧傳感器MQ2本次設(shè)計(jì)的煙霧傳感器用MQ2。最小系統(tǒng)電路圖如43下圖所示。電源供電電路如圖42所示。無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)的節(jié)點(diǎn)通常由傳感器模塊、微處理器模塊、無線通信模塊和電源模塊構(gòu)成,CC2530集成了這些功能。(2)安全性：本系統(tǒng)為家居環(huán)境控制系統(tǒng)做前期的數(shù)據(jù)采集，若出現(xiàn)錯(cuò)誤，則可導(dǎo)致PC判斷錯(cuò)誤，導(dǎo)致錯(cuò)誤控制。目前人們經(jīng)常是通過普通的加濕器來調(diào)節(jié)室內(nèi)濕度，此類加濕器一般只是手動(dòng)操作，這樣就存在著人為的主觀不確定性，最終也有可能不利于環(huán)境之改善。當(dāng)監(jiān)測區(qū)域較大時(shí)，可用增加傳感器節(jié)點(diǎn)的方法來保證網(wǎng)絡(luò)的連通性，相反區(qū)域較小時(shí)可以根據(jù)情況減少路由器節(jié)點(diǎn)的設(shè)置以節(jié)省系統(tǒng)資源，降低成本。ZDO公用接口則在Zigbee協(xié)議棧的應(yīng)用框架中提供設(shè)備發(fā)現(xiàn)、綁定、以及安全等各種功能的地址管理服務(wù)。其最多可以定義240個(gè)較為獨(dú)立的應(yīng)用程序?qū)ο螅我庖粋€(gè)對(duì)象的端點(diǎn)編號(hào)都是從1到240。 應(yīng)用層(APP)應(yīng)用層主要由用戶根據(jù)具體的應(yīng)用進(jìn)行自我開發(fā)，用以維持節(jié)點(diǎn)的各種功能，發(fā)現(xiàn)此節(jié)點(diǎn)工作空間范圍內(nèi)其他節(jié)點(diǎn)的工作，再根據(jù)服務(wù)的需求為各個(gè)不同的節(jié)點(diǎn)提供通信服務(wù)。配置選項(xiàng)包括對(duì)連接一個(gè)現(xiàn)有網(wǎng)絡(luò)設(shè)備或一個(gè)Zigbee協(xié)調(diào)器的初始化的操作。通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)