【正文】 . Victor apologized for ________ to inform me of the change in the plan.　A. his being not able B. him not to be able 　C. his not being able D. him to be not able36. Suddenly, a tall man driving a golden carriage ________ the girl and took her away, ________ into the woods. A. seizing, disappeared B. seized, disappearedC. seizing, disappearing D. seized, disappearing答案：. 因為Hellen要使自己講的話被別人聽到，所以要用過去分詞作賓補(bǔ)，即：make herself heard；又因為make herself heard是shout的目的，所以用不定式。41. D?！靶庐?dāng)選的總統(tǒng)日子不好過”是因為“有許多問題要解決”，表示“有…要…”用不定式作定語。介詞后接動詞一般要用動名詞，但 but / except 等介詞后卻可以接不定式，前面有行為動詞 do 時不帶 to，無 do 時要帶 to。need, want, require 等表示“(某物)需要做某事”時，后接動名詞的主動式或接不定式的被動式都可以。28. A。Harvard(哈佛大學(xué))與 found(建立)是被動關(guān)系，且早在1636年已建立，故用過去分詞。21. C。18. C。即卻ee the plan carried out the next year.15. A。 句中 read 意為“有某字樣”，a message pinned to the door 意為“釘在門上的一張紙條”，a message 與 read 是主動關(guān)系，因此用現(xiàn)在分詞。因 The Olympic games 與 play 是被動關(guān)系，排除 A 和 D；不定式的被動式，表示未來的動作，排除 B。make sb do sth 的被動式為 sb be made to do sth(某人被迫做某事)。表示“被動、完成”用過去分詞作定語。 to e in C. open。s a good habit _________ every day. A. to keep doing exercise B. to stay up late C. to make much noise D. to too much ( )16. —It39。 to speak B. join。t do so B: playing；not to do so C: play；to do so ( )5. As teenagers, we39。t. A: bring B: to bring C: bringing( )10.—What about _______a rest? —OK. Let39。 He didn39。但變被動語態(tài)時，必須加上to。如： I find it easy to read English every day. ③常見的一些不帶to的動詞不定式Why not do..., Why don39。I went to the library to study English.（表目的）不定式作狀語，其邏輯主語要和句子的主語一致。多數(shù)情況下，不定式作表語，可轉(zhuǎn)換作為主語。我們初中階段常見的有：finish, mind, be worth, be busy, practice, have fun, have trouble/problem（in）, spend...（in）, feel like, be used to（習(xí)慣于）, give up, keep on, consider, suggest, can39。Stamps are used for sending 。表示一般的習(xí)慣或抽象行為或經(jīng)常性的動作。t help。賓語—What sports does he like to play?他喜歡做什么運(yùn)動？—He likes to play 。1. 不定式作主語 動詞不定式作主語時，常用it作形式主語，而將真正的主語放在句末其結(jié)構(gòu)為：It+be+adj.（+ for/ of sb.）+動詞不定式如：To learn English well is useful.→ It is useful to learn English well. It’s important for us to protect the environment. 注意：在kind，good，nice，clever等表示人的品質(zhì)的形容詞后，不用for而用of。t you do..., had better（not）do..., would rather do, could/would/will you please（not）do...I would rather stay in the 。如： My friends were made to work the whole night by the boss. 老板讓我的朋友們工作了一整夜。t know where to go. 他不知道去哪里。s go out and have a walk. A: to take B: takes C: taking ( )11. —I like this set of sofa so much, but I don39。re old enough _______with housework. We can help set the table, wash the dishes and clean our own rooms. A: to help B: helping C: helped( )6. Nancy is really a hardworking student. We often see her _______books in the classroom. A: read B: to read C: reads( )7 Mrs. Smith made her students _______the positions three times a week. A: write B: to write C: written D: writing( ) often makes his sister , but yesterday he was made by his sister.A: cry。 speaking C. join。s hot. Would you mind my _________ the window. —__________. Do it as you like, please! A. to open。 e into D. to open。2. D。6. C。表示“被動、完成”，用過去分詞。12. B。句意為“這條河已經(jīng)遭受如此嚴(yán)重的污染，現(xiàn)在要想清理也許為時已晚了”。do with 與 what 連用是一個很有用的結(jié)構(gòu)，可以表示“處置”、“利用”等。不定式作定語，the person 是 send it 的對象，可理解為 to send it to the person。26. D。不定式作目的狀語。31. C。35. B。38. A。ask，tell, want 等后要接帶 to 的不定式作賓補(bǔ)，其否定式是在不定式前加 not。2. C. form表示“出現(xiàn)、產(chǎn)生”，是不及物動詞，又因為pictures與form是主動關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞作定語3. C. 因為insist后要么接that從句，要么接on sth. 或on doing sth. ，沒有別的接法，所以選C。8. A. looking out of the window 為伴隨狀語。14. D. 因為happen后接動詞不定式是表示“碰巧做某事”；又hear發(fā)生在謂語don’t know之前，所以要用不定式的完成式。20. C. 此題考查spend...(in) doing sth 句型?！皳?jù)說他曾到國外留過學(xué)”，由studied可知“留學(xué)”這個動作已結(jié)束并發(fā)生在謂語動作is said之前，所以要用完成式。本句考查現(xiàn)在分詞的完成時作狀語。“連詞+分詞”作狀語時，其邏輯主語為句子的主語。find后面可以接由“賓語+ 現(xiàn)在分詞/過去分詞/ 不帶to的不定式”構(gòu)成的復(fù)合賓語結(jié)構(gòu)。考查過去分詞作表語。由有句中的and可知第一空所填的動詞與took是并列謂語，故用seized。句意為“Victor因沒能通知我計劃的改變向我道歉”。不定式作后置定語，一般用主動形式表示被動意義。句意為“據(jù)說澳大利亞有太多陸地，政府不知如何利用”。it remains to be seen是習(xí)慣用語，意為“還要看情況發(fā)展”。I know what to expect in my new job. 意為“我知道在新工作中期待什么”。25. A。其次，由于“沒有完成”與“決定再呆兩周”有先后關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式。比較：get paid(獲得報酬)，get dressed(穿衣服)等。leave sth doing sth 意為“使某物一直在做某事”。初中英語語法 非謂語動詞專項練習(xí)2　1. Helen had to shout ________ above the sound of the music.　A. making herself hear B. to make herself hearC. making herself heard D. to make herself heard2. Reading is an experience quite different from watching TV。key to(…的關(guān)鍵)中 to 是介詞，應(yīng)接動名詞；又因名詞 demand 與 make 是被動關(guān)系(make demands 提出要求)，另有 by 這一標(biāo)志詞暗示，用過去分詞作定語。37. C。34. A。that 引導(dǎo)的從句與 problem 是同位語。意為：她發(fā)現(xiàn)她的車被人偷了，她就趕緊報警求援。25. C。若選 B，應(yīng)在其后加 to 才行。the research 與 begin 是被動關(guān)系，用過去分詞 begun。此句結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜,句中的 that 引導(dǎo)一個定語從句，它代表 the plan 并在從句中作 see 的賓語，the plan 與 carry out 是被動關(guān)系，因此，用過去分詞作賓補(bǔ)。11. D。8. C。5. B。 improving31. The discovery of new evidence led to _______.A. the thief having caught B. catch the thief C. the thief being caught D. the thief to be caught32. _______ the general state of his health, it may take him a while to recover from the operation.A. Given B. To give C. Giving D. Having given33. The picture _______ on the wall is painted by my nephew.A. having hung B. hanging C. hangs D. being hung34. Sandy could do nothing but _______ to his teacher that he was wrong.A. admit B. admitted C. admitting D. to admit35. Mr Reed made up his mind to devote all he had to _______ some schools for poor children.A. set up B. setting up C. have set up D. having set up36. _______ late in the afternoon, Bob turned off the alarm.A. To sleep B. S