【正文】
p several key problems (a) code code adhere to according to regulations governing the party and party with morals in bination, for at the present stage, the leadership of the party members and cadres and Party members in existing main problems of selfdiscipline, put forward principles, requirements and specifications, showing Communists noble moral pursuit, reflected at all times and in all over the world ethics from high from low 5 mon requirements. One is closely linked to the selfdiscipline, removal and no direct relation to the provisions of . the second is adhere to a positive advocate, eight prohibition 52 are not allowed to about the content of the negative list moved into synchronization amendment cases . Three is for all the party members, will apply object from the leadership of the party members and cadres to expand to all Party members, fully embodies the prehensive strictly required. The fourth is prominent key minority, seize the leadership of the party members and cadres is the key, and put forward higher requirements than the ordinary Party members. Five is to simplify, and strive to achieve concise, easy to understand, easy to remember. The revised code is the ruling Party since the first insists on a positive advocate forAll Party members and the selfdiscipline norms, moral declaration issued to all members of the party and the National People39。s eighteen years prehensive strictly practice. (a) revised two regulations of the party need of the ICAC guidelines in in 1997 Leaders as members of the Communist Party of China clean politics certain criteria (Trial) based on revised, the promulgation and implementation of January 2010, to strengthen the construction of the contingent of leading cadres play an important role. But with the party to manage the party strictly administering the deepening, has not been able to fully meet the actual needs. Content is too plicated, eight prohibition, 52 are not allowed to hard to remember, and also difficult to put into practice。(英文版 ) Two regulations promulgated for implementation is in the party in power for a long time and the rule of law conditions, the implementation of prehensive strictly strategic plan, implementation in accordance with the rules and discipline to manage the party, strengthen innerparty supervision of major initiatives. The two regulations supporting each other, the code adhere to a positive advocate, focusing on morality is of Party members and Party leading cadres can see, enough to get a high standard。 10.1.9 頂管穿越鐵路或公路時,除應遵守本規(guī)范外,還應符合鐵路或公路有關技術安全規(guī)定; 10.1.10 管道頂進應連續(xù)作業(yè)?! ?(3)鋼筋混凝土管道端部應及時澆筑混凝土基礎。 (2)橡膠圈的外觀和斷面組織應致密、均勻,無裂縫、孔隙或凹痕等缺陷,安裝前應保持清潔,無油污,且不得在陽光下直曬。 2 千斤頂的組合布置一般采用以下幾種形式: (1)固定式。這樣一來,復合型導軌的壽命要比普通型大大增長?! ?(2)導軌安裝的允許偏差應為:軸線位置,3mm;頂面高程,0~+3mm;兩軌內距,177?! ?(3)采取措施保護已頂人管道的接口不受損傷。第38頁 (2)后座墻土體壁面應平整,并與管道頂進方向垂直?! ?(2)要有足夠的剛度當受到主頂工作站的反作用力時,后座墻材料受壓縮而產生變形,卸荷后要恢復原狀?! ?(10)多排頂進或多向頂進時,應盡可能利用一個工作坑。 (3)便于排水、出土和運輸。如6 頂管工作坑的設計與施工 6.1 頂進工作坑的設計 6.1.1 工作坑形狀一般有矩形、圓形、腰圓形、多邊形等,其中矩形工作坑最為常見。 5.1.7 管道制造商應提供頂進管道的下列詳細資料: (1)管道的內徑?! ?(5)防水接頭應設置在管道壁內,不允許突出于管道的內外壁。 (2)能夠承受一定的靜、動荷載?! ?4.0.2 為合理選擇頂管機型,應首先獲得和分析如下相關技術資料: 根據所提供的工程地質鉆孔柱狀圖和地質縱剖面圖,了解頂管機所要穿過的有代表性的地層條件,同時研究特殊的地層條件和可能遇到的施工問題。地層柱狀圖是把每一個鉆探孔的土質分層,并對其主要特性加以說明,讓施工人員能一目了然地了解地層狀況。 (11)勞動力與物資需用計劃?! ?(4)施工準備工作計劃。切削刀盤一般可分為車輪式切削刀盤、擋板式切削刀盤和巖石切削刀盤三種。 2.0.7 中繼站/中繼間 Intermediate jacking station—IJS 中繼站有時也稱為中間頂推站、中繼間或中繼環(huán),其安裝在頂進管線第3頁的某些部位,把這段頂進管道分成若干個推進區(qū)間。井下、管道內的照明設備必須用12~36V安全電壓。施工人員必須根據設計圖紙、技術標準和現場施工條件等因素,認真編寫施工組織設計,對操作人員進行詳細的技術交底,明確職責分工?! ?1.0.5 根據管道的材料和各自的連接方法來選擇合適的管道之間的連接方法即:剛性連接或柔性連接?! ?1.0.2 當地下管道或其他管線的鋪設可以通過頂進施工方法在交通、建筑、經濟和環(huán)境保護方面帶來好的效益,應該采用非開挖施工方法?! ?1.0.7 當兩條平行管道采用頂管法施工時,應貫徹先深后淺、先大后小的原則。在頂進作業(yè)前,對周圍的建筑物和地下設施采取相應的防護措施,避免造成意外事故?! ?2.0.3 接收/出口工作坑 Reception pit(Exit pit) 為接收頂管施工設備而開挖的工作坑(井),有時也稱為目標工作坑(井)(Target shaft)。當所需的頂進力超過主頂工作站的頂推能力、施工管道或者后座裝置所允許承受的最大荷載時,則需要沿施工的管線安裝一個或多個中繼站進行輔助施工。 2.0.13 手掘式頂管機 Manual pipe jacking machine3 施工組織設計的編寫 3.0.1 頂管施工屬于地下工程,影響施工的因素很多,除了施工工藝方法多、技術要求差異大等特點外,工程地質條件、原有地下設施和地下障礙物情況以及施工現場環(huán)境等因素均可對施工進度、工程質量、施工安全和施工成本造成影響?! ?(7)施工平面布置圖。地層條件不僅是選擇頂管工法的主要依據,也是合理選擇輔助施工方法和各種施工計算(如頂進力計算)的依據。必要時應對建筑物已有的裂縫作一個封頭處理?! ?3 在環(huán)境保護要求很高的砂性土層中進行頂管施工,當地下水壓力98kPa,黏土顆粒含量10%,滲透系數10cm/s,并有嚴重流砂時,宜采用泥水平衡或開挖面加高濃度泥漿的土壓平衡的頂管掘進機施工?! ?(5)較低的成本。對于大直徑的管道,一般應采用較長的管節(jié),這樣可以相對減少管接頭的次數、提高施工效率?! ?(4)管道連接位置的尺寸。如果在兩段交角比較小或者是在一個工作坑中需要向幾個不同方向頂進時,則往往采圓形工作坑;另外,較深的工作坑也一般采用圓形,且常采用沉井法施工?! ?(6)地下水位以下頂進時,工作坑要設在管線下游,逆管道坡度方向頂進,有利于管道排水。 6.1.3 矩形工作坑的底部尺寸應滿足式(6.1.3—1)和式(6.1.3—2)要求: 6.1.4 工作坑深度應符合式(6.1.4—1)和式(6.1.4—2)要求(圖6.1.4):7 后座墻的設計與施工 7.0.1 后座墻(reaction wall)是頂進管道時為千斤頂提供反作用力的一種結構,有時也稱為后座、后背或者后背墻等?! ?(5)結構簡單、裝拆方便裝配式或臨時性后座墻都要求采用普通材料、裝拆方便?! ?(5)組裝后座墻的構件在同層內的規(guī)格應一致,各層之間的接觸應緊貼,并層層固定。7.0.8 后座反力常用的計算方法一: 忽略鋼制后座的影響,假定主頂千斤頂施加的頂進力是通過后座墻均勻地作用在工作坑后的土體上,為確保后座在頂進過程中的安全,后座的第39頁8 頂管施工設備及安裝 8.1 導軌選擇與安裝 8.1.1 導軌是在基礎上安裝的軌道,一般采用裝配式?! ?(4)導軌安放前,應先復核管道中心的位置,并應在施工中經常檢查校核。 8.2 主頂設備及安裝 8.2.1 主頂千斤頂安裝于頂進工作坑中,用于向土中頂進的管道,其形式多為液壓驅動的活塞式雙作用油缸?! ?8.2.2 千斤頂的安裝應符合下列規(guī)定: (1)千斤頂宜固定在支架上,并與管道中心的垂線對稱,其合力的作用點應在管道中心的垂直線上?! ?10.1.4 采用橡膠圈密封的企口或防水接口時,應符合下列規(guī)定: (1)黏結木襯墊時凹凸口應對中,環(huán)向間隙應均勻?! ?(2)全段頂完后,應在每個管節(jié)接口處測量其軸線位置和高程;有錯口時,應測出相對高差?! ?(2)后背墻變形嚴重。 the third part introduces two party regulations modified the main changes and needs to grasp several key problems。 the fourth is to clean the theme is not prominent, not for the existing problems, and is narrow, only needle of countylevel leading cadres above. rule is in 1997 Chinese Communist Party disciplinary cases (Trial) based on revision, in December 2003 the promulgation and implementation, to strengthen the construction of the party play very important role. Along with the development of the situation, which many provisions have been unable to fully meet the prehensive strictly administering the practice needs. One is Ji law, mo