【正文】 eat English Dramatist. He brought to the English stage a new concept of tragedy, one in which the drama centers around the struggles of a man overwhelmed by his passions amp。s dominant moral is human rather than religious. It celebrates the human passion for knowledge, power amp。 exhibits his mastery of characterization, stage craft amp。 playwrights of his time. Marlowe39。 four edies: 　　　Henry Ⅵ, part Ⅰ (1590)　　　Henry Ⅵ, part Ⅱ (1590)　　　Henry Ⅵ, part Ⅲ (1591)　　　Richard Ⅲ (1592)　　　Titus Andronicus (1593)　　　The Comedy of Errors (1592)　　　The Two Gentlemen of Verona (1594)　　　The Taming of the Shrew (1593)　　　Love39。 Cleopatra 　　　Troilus amp。 his sequence of 154 sonnets.　3. 領(lǐng)會His Influence　1) Contributions to language Many words and monly used phrases have been added to everyday English vocabulary through their appearance in Shakespeare39。s phraseology have occurred in literature since the 16th century.Perhaps the greatest inspiration to subsequent authors has been Shakespeare39。 brutality of the Jew.Plot: The play has a double plot (P39)　　　B. Hamlet Hamlet is generally regarded as Shakespeare39。s brother. While encountering his father39。 apparently bearing the intolerable burden of the duty to revenge his father39。 society in his late years.　　　　2) Poems　　　A. Sonnets　　The first 126 sonnets are apparently addressed to a handsome young nobleman, presumably the author39。 Adonis, in which Shakespeare made his first bid for literary patronage amp。s Labor39。 the alluring Cleopatra.　　2) Plot Construction 　　Shakespeare39。s dramatic poetry is in blank verse, or unrhymed iambic pentameter. His bland verse is especially beautiful amp。 to expose the insatiable greed and brutality of the Jew.　　　3) Hamlet 　　This is one part of Hamlet39。 most eloquent spokesmen for experimental science. He lays the foundation for modern science with his insistence on scientific way of thinking amp。 characters.　　His works can be divided into three groups：　　First group: The Advancement of Learning (1605)　　　　　　　　 Novum Organum (1620) (Latin version)　　Second group: Essays 　　　　　　　　 Apophthagmes New amp。s essays are famous for their brevity, pactness amp。 persuasive, pact amp。 attitudes, amp。 cadences of mon speech. The imagery is drawn from the actual life. The form is frequently that of an argument with the poet39。 direct as ordinary speech.　　2識記His major works　　In his life, Donne wrote a large number of poems amp。 sonnets, epistles, elegies, amp。 therefore never send to know for whom the bell tolls。s love poetry.　　As a religious poet, his chief power is shown in the Holy Sonnets amp。s belief in life after death: death is eternal.　　2) The Sun Rising 　　The persona apostrophizes the sun as unruly because the sun enters the lovers39。 Eve in the Garden of Eden. Milton, a deeply religious man, wrote the epic to justify the ways of God to men. He is also famous for his graceful lyric poems, such as Lycidas, L39。 Early Poetry　　Milton39。s literary achievements can be divided into three groups: the early poetic works, the middle prose pamphlets amp。 dramatic work, based in part on the Biblical story of the temptation amp。 desperate mena craven thing that keeps bad pany, such as poison, was amp。 body. The operations of the soul depend on the body. Idealism amp。 every man is a piece of the continent, a part of the main… Any man39。 a good many of The Songs amp。 experiences, such as jealousy, the loss of religious faith, the plexities of love amp。 smooth running. The most striking feature of Donne39。 the Metaphysical Poetry　　John Donne: English poet amp。s 58 essays. It analyzes what studies chiefly serve for, the different ways adopted by different people to pursue studies, amp。 tell them how to be efficient amp。 The History of the Reign of King Henry Ⅶ, a perceptive psychological study of Henry39。 One of the outstanding figures of the Renaissance, Bacon made important contributions to several fields. His chief interest were science philosophy, but he was also a distinguished man of letters amp。 Bassanio, to idealize Portia as a heroine of great beauty, wit amp。 spelling were not yet formalized, so Shakespeare could freely inter charge the various parts of speech, using nouns as adjectives or verbs, adjectives as adverbs, amp。 resourceful Portia, the tender amp。 they are individuals representing certain types. Each character has his or her own personalities。 elaborated in the quatrains, amp。 the subject full of suggestion. The humanly impossible events can be seen occurring everywhere, in the play. The playwright resorts to the supernatural atmosphere amp。 most unnatural murder. Trapped in a nightmare world of spying, testing amp。 by his mother39。 loyalty, amp。 spirit of later writing rather than to its form. References amp。 Adonis amp。 Juliet (1595)　　　Julius Caesar (1599)　　The Third Period (16011609)Seven tragedies amp。 Career　　The exact date of Shakespeare39。s greatest achievement lies in that he 　perfected the blank verse amp。s The Merchant of Venice. In about 1592. Marlowe wrote one of the first successful English historical dramas, Edward Ⅱ。s Amores.Marlowe39。 for its rich content of philosophical amp。 spiritual vision have won him the admiration of generations of English poets. It is his idealism, his love of beauty, amp。 Epithalamion (1595), a poem expressing the deep personal feelings occasioned by the poets second marriage。I. Edmund Spenser 1. 一般識記 　Brief Introduction to the AuthorEnglish poet，born in London, England, about 1552,and died in London, Jan 13, 1599.　2. 識記His Major WorksSpenser39。 the economic expansion. The Renaissance, therefore, in essence is a historical period in which the European humanist thinkers amp。二、考核要求　(一) 文藝復(fù)興時期概述　　1. 識記：（1）文藝復(fù)興時期的界定　　　　　　 （3）人文主義的主張及對文學(xué)的影響　　3. 應(yīng)用：文藝復(fù)興，人文主義及玄學(xué)詩等名詞的解釋　Brief Introduction to the Renaissance Period　I. 應(yīng)用　　Definitions of the Literary Terms:　1. The Renaissance: The Renaissance marks a transition from the medieval to the modern world. Generally, it refers to the period between the 14th amp。