【正文】
) The singlestrand binding protein (SSB) attaches to singlestranded DNA, thereby preventing the DNA from forming a duplex ?防止單鏈復(fù)性 ?維持單鏈剛性狀態(tài) ?避免單鏈降解 ?The SSB binds as a monomer, but typically in a cooperative manner in which the binding of one protein molecule makes it much easier for another to bind 四、引發(fā)酶 (primase): The primase is a type of RNA polymerase that synthesizes short segments of RNA that will be used as primers for DNA replication. 為什么 DNA的合成需要 RNA引物? 五、旋轉(zhuǎn)酶 (gyrase ): a Type II topoisomerase, acts to overe the torsional stress imposed upon unwinding by introducing negative supercoils at the expense of ATP hydrolysis. ?復(fù)制叉前進(jìn)帶來扭曲張力 ?拓?fù)洚悩?gòu)酶 II: 引入負(fù)超螺旋 六、 DNA連接酶 ( DNA ligases ) DNA ligase makes a bond between an adjacent 3’OH and 5’ phosphate end where there is a nick in one strand of duplex DNA . 酶活化 AMP轉(zhuǎn)移 3′ OH親核攻擊 第三節(jié) DNA的復(fù)制過程 一、原核生物的復(fù)制( ) (一)復(fù)制的起始: 1. 復(fù)制原點: Ori C,含兩個系列的重復(fù)單位, 3個 13bp重復(fù)序列(富含 AT),和 4個 9bp重復(fù)序列(識別位點) 2. 起始過程: ① The origin is initially recognized by a protein that forms a large plex with DNA. A short region of A ? 兩個 5’端有空缺的分子通過 3’端凸出的重復(fù)序列互補配對。H42 四聚體和 H2A ? DAM甲基化酶使腺嘌呤上的 N6位點甲基化。 ?RNA1的編碼區(qū)在引物 RNA編碼區(qū)的 5‘末端,轉(zhuǎn)錄方向與引物 RNA相反,因此與引物 RNA的 5’末端互補 ?RNA1通過氫鍵配對與引物 RNA前體相互作用,阻止了RNase H加工引物前體,使其不能轉(zhuǎn)化為有活性的引物而對復(fù)制起負(fù)調(diào)控作用。端粒酶實際上是一種逆轉(zhuǎn)錄酶。→ 339。 ? 新的 L鏈合成完成,子代雙鏈被釋放。 ? 當(dāng)置換鏈通過 L鏈的復(fù)制起點 OL時,開始合成新的 H鏈 。外切 無 無 有 有 有 539。酶所含的 RNA長約 150bp,是合成端粒的模板。 ? ColEl質(zhì)粒 DNA的復(fù)制調(diào)控 : ?引物 RNA前體的轉(zhuǎn)錄起始于復(fù)制起點上游 555個核