【正文】 always talking about 39?！締卧~和短語】take leave to do sth.:冒昧做某事，擅自做某事。【單詞和短語】the rub：困難，障礙。漢語的條件句一般位于主句之前，所以這里的to be regarded as…a problem譯成漢語時應(yīng)前移。58. They have an air of freedom, and they have not a dreary mitment to mean ambitions or love of fort.【譯文】他們無拘無束，不枯燥地沉湎于卑鄙的名利和物質(zhì)享受?！締卧~和短語】origin：起源；來源；由來，起因（the place or situation in which something begins to exist），例如：the origin of the universe 宇宙的起源a word of Latin origin 源自拉丁語的詞語511. It39。513. He may be conceited, illmannered, presumptuous or fatuous, but I do not turn for protection to dreary clich233。s的定語?！締卧~和短語】equal:同等的人（someone who is as important, intelligent etc as you are, or who has the same rights and opportunities as you do），例如：Mix with your equals or betters. 與同你相仿或更好的人交往。goodwill：善意，友善；友好，親善（kind feelings towards or between people and a willingness to be helpful），例如，Princess Diana’s heart is full of goodwill to all men. 戴安娜王妃的心里對所有人都充滿善意。concrete的反義詞是abstract。如果不拼命爭取勝利，比賽就沒有什么意義了?！締卧~和短語】patriotism：愛國主義，另掌握patriot（愛國者）和patriotic（愛國的）兩詞。面對著這些荒唐的比賽，參賽的各個國家會如癡如狂，甚至煞有介事地相信——至少在短期內(nèi)如此——跑跑、跳跳、踢踢球都是對一個國家品德素質(zhì)的檢驗。at any rate for short periods作插入語，句中的兩個破折號隔開被強(qiáng)調(diào)的插入語。mimic：模擬的（to behave or operate in exactly the same way as sth. or sb. else）?？墒且涣可婕暗綐s譽(yù)問題，一旦你想到你和某一團(tuán)體會因為你輸而丟臉時，那么最野蠻的爭斗天性便會被激發(fā)。【單詞和短語】petitive的動詞形式為pete，名詞形式為petition。it指international… hatred?！締卧~和短語】amazed：十分驚奇的，吃驚的；顯示出驚奇的（very surprised），動詞形式為amaze，名詞形式為amazement，例如：I was amazed at the news. 我聽到這消息大為驚詫。514. I accept that we are equals, and I will argue with him, as an equal, if I think he is wrong.【譯文】我篤信我們是平等的。s about respect of elders作to的賓語?！局v解】all that is in my mind中all that指上文提到的事。link…with…意為“把……同……聯(lián)系起來”。The struggle of people in that area to maintain their own identities is continuing.那地區(qū)人民維護(hù)自身獨(dú)特性的斗爭仍在繼續(xù)。I would have been very pleased是表示與過于事實(shí)不符的虛擬結(jié)構(gòu)?！局v解】a young one中one替代man以避免重復(fù)。the young意為“年輕人”。【單詞和短語】ceased：停止（to stop doing something or stop happening），例如：The music ceased suddenly. 音樂戛然而止。事實(shí)上，如果不蒙上雙眼，她的皮膚就不再具有識別物體的能力。to make out…to前省略了she was able。s game of Lotto she was able to describe the figures and colours printed on it。they were done up in bundles作定語修飾way，意為“報紙是怎樣捆著的”?！局v解】this ability指上句中perceive things with different parts of her skin, and through solid walls。句中的of意為“關(guān)于”。invariably是invariable的副詞形式。could后省略了find shelter。單調(diào)的食物是當(dāng)?shù)厝槔遗湟猿３Ｒ逊帕艘荒曛玫拿姘?，人們就著劣酒吞下這種食物。 【講解】such as可以分開，如such places as…，這時as作關(guān)系代詞，as引出的從句是省略句。35. They had a single aim, a solitary goal—the top!【譯文】他們只有一個目的，唯一的目標(biāo)——頂峰！【講解】從語法角度分析，a solitary goal和the top均是a single aim的同位語。summit另一常見含義為峰會（an important meeting or set of meetings between the leaders of several governments），例如：The two presidents agreed to hold a summit in the April.兩位總統(tǒng)同意在四月舉行峰會。32. In the pioneering days, however, this was not the case at all.【譯文】然而在登山運(yùn)動初創(chuàng)期全然并非如此。【講解】it是形式主語，真正的主語是the weight of all the insects destroyed…in the country。210. Spiders are busy for at least half the year in killing insects.【譯文】蜘蛛至少有半年在忙于吃蟲。該詞組的另一含義是“代表某人（instead of someone，or as their representative）”。正確的譯法應(yīng)將as many people think置于not（不像）之后、are（屬于）之前，譯為“蜘蛛不像許多人認(rèn)為的那樣屬于昆蟲”。25. Moreover, unlike some of the other insect eaters, spiders never do the least harm to us or our belongings.【譯文】此外，不同于其他一些食蟲動物，蜘蛛對人類及其財物絲毫無損。if it were not for the protection…作前面兩個分句的非真實(shí)條件狀語從句，意即“要不是我們從食蟲那里得到保護(hù)的話……”。While he has a house of his own, his brother lives in a flat.盡管他有自己的房子，他弟弟卻住在公寓里?！締卧~和短語】flint：燧石（a type of smooth hard stone that makes a small flame when you hit it with steel）。17. But the first people who were like ourselves lived so long ago that even their sagas, if they had any, are forgotten.【譯文】但是，和我們相似的原始人生活的年代太久遠(yuǎn)了，因此有關(guān)他們的傳說，即使存在，如今也失傳了。相關(guān)詞匯有sociology（社會學(xué)）和ethnology（人種學(xué)，民族學(xué)）。14. These legends are useful because they can tell us something about migrations of people who lived long ago, but none could write down what they did.【譯文】這些傳說有用，因為它們能告訴我們一些人遷徙之事。句中破折號引出同位語。5,000 years即為5 millennia。另學(xué)習(xí)millennium，意為“一千年”，復(fù)數(shù)為millennia?！局v解】to recount it as…another是動詞不定式短語，作表語，說明主語way的內(nèi)容，it指history。The gold watch has been handed down in his family. 那塊金表是他家祖?zhèn)鞯?。anthropology意為“人類學(xué)”（the scientific study of people，their societies ，cultures，etc.）?！締卧~和短語】saga:傳說（a long story about events that happen over many year）?！局v解】other kinds后面省略了of stones。【講解】when even the bones … trace相當(dāng)于讓步從句，when意即“雖然，盡管”，又如：We sometimes expect gratitude when we are not entitled to it.有時雖然我們不值得感激，我們卻期望別人感激。insects would和they would中的would均表示與事實(shí)不符的虛擬結(jié)構(gòu)?！締卧~和短語】owe:應(yīng)感激（to know that someone’s help has been important to you in achieving something），例如：We owe our parents a lot. 我們得大大感激我們的父母。原句是說“許多人認(rèn)為蜘蛛是昆蟲，而其實(shí)不是，他們的看法有誤”，而前兩種譯文的意思則變?yōu)椤霸S多人的看法是正確的，他們認(rèn)為蜘蛛不是昆蟲”。例如：Don’t be uneasy on my behalf. 不要為我擔(dān)心。census：統(tǒng)計數(shù)量（a process of counting something）。212. It has been estimated that the weight of all the insects destroyed by spiders in Britain in one year would be greater than the total weight of all the human beings in the country.【譯文】據(jù)估計，在英國一年里被蜘蛛消滅的昆蟲的總重量超過該國人口的總重量?！締卧~和短語】regard:看待，把……看作（to think about someone or something in a particular way）。【單詞和短語】summit：山頂（the top of a mountain）。go out of their way to do something：特地；不怕麻煩地（to do something with more effort than is usual or expected），例如：She went out of her way to help me.她不怕麻煩地來幫我。【單詞和短語】pioneer:先驅(qū)（someone who is important in the early development of something, and whose work or ideas are later developed by other people），例如：a pioneer of photography 攝影術(shù)創(chuàng)始人a pioneer in the development of radar 雷達(dá)研制的先驅(qū)37. Except for one or two places such as Zermatt and Chamonix, which had rapidly bee popular, Alpine village tended to be impoverished settlements cut off from civilization by the high mountains.【譯文】除了澤曼特和夏蒙尼等一兩個迅速出名的地方外，阿爾卑斯山山區(qū)的小村由于高山隔絕了文明日漸成為貧窮的村落。 the food simply local cheese acpanied by bread often twelve months old, all washed down with coarse wine.【譯文】當(dāng)?shù)氐哪切┬÷灭^一般都骯臟且跳蚤猖獗。【講解】wherever they could作地點(diǎn)狀語，修飾found。