【正文】 ) What is a ―Hold‖? PROPRIETARY 169。 1988 Thomas Group, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 51 So What’s the Answer? ―K I S S‖ Keep it simple and straightforward Elaborate schemes may not yield results PROPRIETARY 169。 1988 Thomas Group, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 59 Subprocess 1 Subprocess 3 Subprocess 2 BOH = 450 INS = 1800 OUTS (inc rework) = 1910 Scrap = 15 Rework (and out) = 60 1. EOH = ? 2. dCT = ? 3. FPY = ? BOH = 510 INS = ? OUTS (inc rework) = 1950 Scrap = 20 Rework (and out) = 45 4. INS = ? 5. EOH = ? 6. dCT = ? 7. FPY = ? BOH = 320 INS = ? OUTS (inc rework) = 1840 Scrap = 5 Rework (and out) = 70 8. INS = ? 9. EOH = ? 10. dCT = ? 11. FPY = ? 12. What are the total FPY and total dCT? Note: All data for 1 day High Volume Measurement Example PROPRIETARY 169。 1988 Thomas Group, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 63 Summary ? Remember — a good measure: ?Improves as the underlying process improves ?Worsens as the underlying process worsens ?Is viscerally meaningful to the client ?Is applied consistently for similar situations within a client ?Drives correct behavior ?Delivers a justifiable benefit/expense ratio ?Benefits client’s customers and makes client more petitive 。 1988 Thomas Group, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 57 F P Y 5 C T 5 F P Y 4 C T 4 C T 3 F P Y 3 F P Y 2 C T 2 F P Y 1 P5 P4 P3 P2 P1 IN OUT C T 1 Process Measures Cycle Time First Pass Yield Process Total Cycle Time = CT1 + CT2 + CT3 + CT4 + CT5 Process First Pass Yield = FPY1 x FPY2 x FPY3 x FPY4 x FPY5 Combined Measures PROPRIETARY 169。 1988 Thomas Group, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 49 First Pass Yield Importance ? Measures improved resource effectiveness (plements rollup cycle time) ? Provides problem solving feedback ? Reduces subprocess cycle time PROPRIETARY 169。 1988 Thomas Group, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 41 total outs rework hold FPY % = total outs + scrap + cancellations total outs Process = Yield % total outs + scrap + cancellations Per given time period X 100 X 100 Actual Yield Calculations PROPRIETARY 169。 1988 Thomas Group, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 36 Applicability of Cycle Time Metrics Process Type Low Activity High Activity Static cycle time ? ? Dynamic cycle time ? Modeled cycle time ? PROPRIETARY 169。 1988 Thomas Group, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 32 Group Exercise: Order Entry Cycle Time ? In a given 30 calendarday month, for an order function: ?Total WIP = 600 orders。 1988 Thomas Group, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 24 How do you make the black ball e out faster? Understanding Dynamic Cycle Time PROPRIETARY 169。s Processing Speed PROPRIETARY 169。 1988 Thomas Group, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 15 2. ―Preparing‖ Time ?Setting up a machine ?Initializing a CAD data base ?Researching the literature ?Thinking ―Where was I?‖ 4. ―Redoing‖ Time ?Changes to specifications ?Order changes ?Reworking defective parts ?Product warranty work 1. ―Waiting‖ Time ?Waiting for parts ?Waiting for a truck ?Waiting for priority ?Waiting in a queue 3. ―Doing‖ Time ? Making parts ? Assembling products ? Testing a hypothesis ? CAD of engineering sketches Cycle Time Has Four Components PROPRIETARY 169。 1988 Thomas Group, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 9 Developing ―New‖ Metrics A sixstep change needs to occur 1. Set up top level measurements。Driving to Entitlement Using Measurements and Cycles of Learning PROPRIETARY 169。 1988 Thomas Group, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 8 Process Drivers ? There are generally three Driver measurements used in TCT ?Cycle Time ?First Pass Yield (product or process quality) ?Cost (leading to improved productivity) PROPRIETARY 169。 1988 Thomas Group, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 14 Why Cycle Time? Ideal driver attributes ? Easily understood and measured ? Difficult to manipulate ? Links to desired result ? Cuts through anizational boundaries ? Balances improvements expected PROPRIETARY 169。s are a function of management behavior ? Dynamic cycle time is a leading indicator Dynamic Cycle Time (DCT) DCT = AIP39。 1988 Thomas Group, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 23 Imagine the tube contains five Ping Pong balls. One ball es out for each shutter opening The black ball will exit in five seconds OneSecond Actuator Understanding Dynamic Cycle Time PROPRIETARY 169。 1988 Thomas Group, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 31 Dynamic Cycle Time Example ? Assume you are operating a purchasing anization: Workinprocess invento