【正文】 桿之間摩擦轉(zhuǎn)矩增大、磨損增加、軟質(zhì)密封填料磨損快，因而須經(jīng)常擰緊壓蓋螺栓或更換填料，才能保證較好的密封效果。如果是氣體介質(zhì)，則很容易在空氣中擴(kuò)散傳播，其污染半徑就會(huì)較大。而填料函泄漏又屬于外漏。下面就石油化工裝置中引起調(diào)節(jié)閥門填料函泄漏的原因以及防止和消除泄漏的對(duì)策、方法做重點(diǎn)探討。s nuclear power station because adjusts the valve the question to breed the unprecedented disaster, not only has caused the significant personnel casualty, creates direct and the indirect economic loss and the environment destroy also with difficulty estimates. The statistical data indicated that, in the production unit approximately 20% adjustment valve existence divulges the question, creates the direct economic loss approximately poses the total losses 5%0 in the petrified profession, take a set of 5000kt/a scale often the depressor as the example, in the ordinary circumstances has 5,000 about the adjustment valve, divulges the economic loss by 20% adjustment valve which creates and the pollution which creates to the environment indeed may not belittle, if looked from the entire petrified profession, the situation was more serious.4 packing boxes divulge the countermeasure because the adjustment valve packing box seals divulging, as well as valve body connection spot seal divulging, is creates adjusts the key which outside the valve leaks to be at, therefore needs specially to take. The traditional soft nature padding seal, is depends on the padding gland the thrust, causes it between the valve lever and the padding as well as the padding and the stuffing box sidewall, has the certain radial direction contact stress to achieve the seal. Therefore, the gland axial force must be quite big, this creates between the padding and the valve lever rubs the torque to increase, the attrition increases, the soft nature sealing pound wears quickly, thus must frequently screw tight the packing bolt or the replacement padding, can guarantee the better seal effect. Uses the appropriate padding seal and the padding seal bination, may enhance adjusts the reliability which the valve uses, lengthens the service life. If the flexible graphite link padding bination use, only uses the flexible graphite link padding the seal effect to be better than. At present in domestic uses the sole flexible graphite link padding the situation quite to be many。為期3個(gè)月的畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)終于結(jié)束了,在此要感謝老師的辛勤指導(dǎo)。本夾具的主要定位元件為止口，而該定位元件的尺寸公差為，而孔徑尺寸為自由尺寸精度要求，可滿足加工要求。 切削力及夾緊力的計(jì)算刀具：高速鋼麻花鉆頭。經(jīng)過與指導(dǎo)老師協(xié)商，決定設(shè)計(jì)第6道工序——鉆12孔的鉆床專用夾具。轉(zhuǎn)塔機(jī)床C365L（1） 鉆孔f=（見《切削手冊》）r=（見《切削手冊》，按5類加工性考慮）按機(jī)床選?。?136r/min（按《工藝手冊》）所以實(shí)際切削速度切削工時(shí)計(jì)算：， =10mm， =4mm=（2） 鉆孔mm根據(jù)有關(guān)資料介紹，利用鉆頭進(jìn)行擴(kuò)鉆時(shí)，其進(jìn)給量與切削速度與鉆同樣尺寸的實(shí)心孔的進(jìn)給量與切削速度之關(guān)系為f=（~）v=（）公式中、為加工實(shí)心孔時(shí)的切削用量，查《切削手冊》得 =（）=（）并令： f= =按機(jī)床取f=v==按照機(jī)床選取所以實(shí)際切削速度：切削工時(shí)計(jì)算：， ， =（3） 锪圓柱式沉頭孔根據(jù)有關(guān)資料介紹，锪沉頭孔時(shí)進(jìn)給量及切削速度約為鉆孔時(shí)的1/2~1/3，故f=按機(jī)床取f=r=按機(jī)床選?。核詫?shí)際切削速度為：切削工時(shí)計(jì)算：， ， = 工序Ⅳ 鉆6—, 2M106H, 4M106H深孔深24（1） f=V=17mm/min所以 n==401(r/min)按機(jī)床選?。核詫?shí)際切削速度為：切削工時(shí)， ， 則：=t=6t==（2） f=v=13m/min所以n==487r/min按機(jī)床選取實(shí)際切削速度切削工時(shí)， ， 則：=（3） 4深20，孔深24，f=v=13m/min所以 n==487r/min按機(jī)床選取實(shí)際切削速度切削工時(shí)， ， 則：=（4） 攻螺紋孔2r=所以 按機(jī)床選取則實(shí)際切削速度計(jì)算工時(shí)， ， 則：=（5） 攻螺紋4M10r=所以 按機(jī)床選取則實(shí)際切削速度計(jì)算工時(shí)， ， 則：= 工序Ⅴ：精車Φ65mm的外圓及與Φ80mm相接的端面車床：C616（1） 精車端面Z=計(jì)算切削速度：按《切削手冊》，切削速度的計(jì)算公式為（壽命選T=90min）式中， ， 修正系數(shù)見《切削手冊》所以按機(jī)床說明書（見《工藝手冊》）與1023r/min。所以實(shí)際切削速度 V=80m/min 計(jì)算切削工時(shí)，按《工藝手冊》,取L==42mm, L=3mm, L=0mm, L=0mm t==(min)（2） 粗車ф160端面確定機(jī)床主軸轉(zhuǎn)速:n===133(r/min)按機(jī)床說明書（見《工藝手冊》—8）與133r/min相近的機(jī)床轉(zhuǎn)速有120r/min及150r/min。=12 r=。均為自由尺寸精度要求。根據(jù)上述材料及加工工藝，分別確定各加工表面的機(jī)械加工余量、工序尺寸及毛坯尺寸如下：（1） 外圓表面(ф6ф80、ф7ф100、ф9ф155)考慮到尺寸較多且相差不大，為簡化鑄造毛坯的外形，現(xiàn)直接按零件結(jié)構(gòu)取為ф8ф10ф160的階梯軸式結(jié)構(gòu)，除ф65以外，,只要粗車就可滿足加工要求,以ф155為例,2Z=5mm已能滿足加工要求.（2） 外圓表面沿軸線長度方向的加工余量及公差。工序Ⅲ 鉆ф30孔、擴(kuò)ф32孔，锪ф43孔。工序Ⅹ ,2M106H,4M106H深20孔深24的孔及攻螺紋工序Ⅺ 去毛刺，終檢。工序Ⅺ 去