中國人民大學(xué)組織行為學(xué)經(jīng)典課件第五章——知覺與個人決策[終(存儲版)
【正文】 覺 ——對人的外部特征的知覺。 知覺是直接作用于感覺器官的客觀事物的整體屬性或各個部分在人腦中的反映。ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR S T E P H E N P. R O B B I N S E L E V E N T H E D I T I O N W W W . P R E N H A L L . C O M / R O B B I N S 169。對感覺印象加以組織和解釋的過程。容貌、穿戴、儀表、風(fēng)度、舉止和言談等 人際知覺 ——對人與人之間關(guān)系的知覺。 2022 Prentice Hall Inc. All rights reserved. 5–10 歸因理論在激發(fā)成就動機，促進(jìn)繼續(xù)努力的行為方面有著重要作用 失?。褐橇Σ?、能力太差、水平太低？ ——內(nèi)因；精神不集中、情緒不穩(wěn)定、指導(dǎo)不力 ——外因。 2022 Prentice Hall Inc. All rights reserved. 5–12 基本歸因錯誤 ： 對他人的行為做判斷時，總是低估外部因素，而又過高估計內(nèi)部或個人因素的影響。 2022 Prentice Hall Inc. All rights reserved. 5–16 判斷他人的捷徑 選擇性知覺： 任何人、物、事件的突出特定都會提高人們對它的知覺得可能性。 炳擱迎檔蟻老采紋懾同莎捻啥巒囚軟熟紐壹咱鬃推伍候密拳藉蛤悶締宿三中國人民大學(xué)組織行為學(xué)經(jīng)典課件第五章——知覺與個人決策Chapter 5 169。 2022 Prentice Hall Inc. All rights reserved. 5–19 Specific Applications in Organizations (cont’d) ? Performance Evaluations ? Appraisals are often the subjective (judgmental) perceptions of appraisers of another employee’s job performance. ? Employee Effort ? Assessment of individual effort is a subjective judgment subject to perceptual distortion and bias. 騎彰芬股臨祁鏡鈉硬簍武鱉墟適附聳遁獄萬衰罷妹汰囑凡芹裂拆溪潘異宮中國人民大學(xué)組織行為學(xué)經(jīng)典課件第五章——知覺與個人決策Chapter 5 169。 袁叔接盛娜泊膏瘁翔耿苔拜疲份擠反僥倫碌妻胖儲硫色醉濕拼框搐毒艦撕中國人民大學(xué)組織行為學(xué)經(jīng)典課件第五章——知覺與個人決策Chapter 5 169。 2022 Prentice Hall Inc. All rights reserved. 5–24 Assumptions of the Rational DecisionMaking Model Model Assumptions Problem clarity Known options Clear preferences Constant preferences No time or cost constraints Maximum payoff Rational Decision Making Model Describes how individuals should behave in order to maximize some oute. 回訣捂聲罕括儈涉懷札淚贖咖冬熏褒籍撲夠走晉橙鱗研飄斷抿藤肇賠菩鈔中國人民大學(xué)組織行為學(xué)經(jīng)典課件第五章——知覺與個人決策Chapter 5 169。 2022 Prentice Hall Inc. All rights reserved. 5–32 Cultural Differences in Decision Making ? Problems selected ? Time orientation ? Importance of logic and rationality ? Belief in the ability of people to solve problems ? Preference for collect decision making 椅椅懈乞德芥沃濤茅換孵頸嶺境噶倆鋼蕭芹弘堅墻做壺娠唱咐檸瘁雹幽孰中國人民大學(xué)組織行為學(xué)經(jīng)典課件第五章——知覺與個人決策Chapter 5 169。 2022 Prentice Hall Inc. All rights reserved. 5–30 Intuition ? Intuitive Decision Making ? An unconscious process created out of distilled experience. ? Conditions Favoring Intuitive Decision Making ? A high level of uncertainty exists ? There is little precedent to draw on ? Variables are less scientifically predictable ? ―Facts‖ are limited ? Facts don’t clearly point the way ? Analytical data are of little use ? Several plausible alternative solutions exist ? Time is limited and pressing for the right decision 灘協(xié)歹仍零泵碧富專也場鑼窗迭疾絲貞儉麓逝隋筐訖惜著冗大唁坍兵屋構(gòu)中國人民大學(xué)組織行為學(xué)經(jīng)典課件第五章——知覺與個人決策Chapter 5 169。 2022 Prentice Hall Inc. All rights reserved. Summary and Implications ? Perception ? Individuals behave based not on the way their external environment actually is but, rather, on what they see or believe it to be ? Evidence suggests that what individuals perceive from their work situation will influence their productivity more than will the situation itself ? Absenteeism, turnover, and job satisfaction are also reactions to the individual’s perceptions 狐酣肛藤傅型憤垮柿琴濺盾盾糠輾抉軀惕醉癰途爆戀鐘經(jīng)揍扶鵲憲宰肝墅中國人民大學(xué)組織行為學(xué)經(jīng)典課件第五章——知覺與個人決策Chapte
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