【正文】 按無物料損失進行理論計算） 因年產(chǎn)量為 100kt/a,生產(chǎn)時間為 330 天，所以每小時產(chǎn)量為：100000/(33024)= 又，N 2+3H2=2NH3 由反應(yīng)關(guān)系有，V(H 2)= 3??Nm3/h由前面的計算結(jié)果可知： 每進 100Nm3 的原料氣，出變換爐的 H2的量為： Nm 3所以，V 總 =對 CO 含量變化分區(qū)間即可求得催化劑用量 W?！? = kJ/(kmol℃)Q1=(14725)kJ/h =106 kJ/h 147℃的水蒸汽帶入熱 Q2 為： Q2=(14725)kJ/h=106kJ/h 塔頂水帶入熱 Q3 為： Q3=32468(10825)kJ/h=107 kJ/h 補充水帶入熱 Q4（補充水的溫度為 25℃）為：Q4=0 合計：Q= Q 1+ Q2+ Q3+ Q4=107 kJ/h 出熱氣體帶出熱 127℃變換氣的比熱容為：表 34 127℃變換氣的比熱容組分 COCO2H2 H2SH2OCp/kJ/(kmol℃) 29.0337.4328.1834.0930.01% 30.211 54.1 四川理工學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計（論文） 11Cpm=(++++)kJ/(kmol以上設(shè)備的選擇主要是依據(jù)所給定的合成氨系統(tǒng)的生產(chǎn)能力、原料氣中碳氧化物的含量以及變換氣中所要求的CO 濃度。從反應(yīng)動力學(xué)的角度來看，溫度升高，反應(yīng)速率常數(shù)增大對反應(yīng)速率有利，但平衡常數(shù)隨溫度的升高而變小，即 CO 平衡含量增大，反應(yīng)推動力變小，對反應(yīng)速率不利，可見溫度對兩者的影響是相反的，因而存在著最佳反應(yīng)溫度。單就平衡而言，加壓并無好處。全低變換流程的特點是：變換爐入口溫度及床層內(nèi)的熱點溫度均比中變爐低，使變換系統(tǒng)在較低的溫度范圍內(nèi)操作，有利于提高 CO 平衡變換率，在滿足出口變換氣中 CO 含量的前提下，可降低入爐蒸汽量，使全低變流程比中變及中變串低變流程蒸汽消耗降低。一氧化碳與水蒸氣的反應(yīng)是一個可逆的放熱反應(yīng)，反應(yīng)熱是溫度的函數(shù)。合成氨生產(chǎn)經(jīng)過多年的發(fā)展，現(xiàn)已發(fā)展成為一種成熟的化工生產(chǎn)工藝。關(guān)鍵詞：合成氨，變換，催化劑，衡算，選型四川理工學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計（論文） 英文摘要ⅡThe Wide Temperature Process Design of 100kt / a Synthetic Ammonia Transformation AbstractCO feed gas shift reaction is made to continue, but also a purification process, so play an important role in the ammonia process. This design uses in lowtemperature series transformation process, and the process of various materials and equipment, material balance can be calculated for selection of equipment. In the selection of equipment for low temperature shift in the main furnace calculated: low shift catalyst dosage, the selection and calculation of furnace temperature transform technology dimensions.Keywords: synthetic ammonia, transform, catalyst, calculation and selection四川理工學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計（論文） 目錄 ⅰ 目錄 言.................................................................................................1 工藝原理 .......................................................................................................................................1 變換工藝流程確定 ......................................................................................................................1 變換工藝參數(shù)的確定 ..................................................................................................................2 壓力 .......................................................................................................................................2 溫度 .......................................................................................................................................2 汽氣比 ...................................................................................................................................2 主要設(shè)備的選擇說明 .................................................................................................................3.....................................................................4 變換爐物料衡算及熱量衡算 .....................................................................................................4 已知轉(zhuǎn)化氣組成 ..................................................................................................................4 本設(shè)計的計算基準(zhǔn) ..............................................................................................................4 工藝條件的確定 ..................................................................................................................4 ............................................................................................4 變換爐催化床層的熱量衡算 .............................................................................................6 變換爐催化劑平衡曲線 .....................................................................................................7 最佳溫度曲線的計算 ..........................................................................................................8 操作線計算 ..........................................................................................................................8 ...................................................................10 飽和塔的物料與熱量衡算 ........................................................................................................10．熱水塔物料與熱量衡算 .........................................................................................................12 ...........................................................................................................13 ...............................................................................................................14 ...........................................................................................................15 物料匯總表 .................................................................................................................................17 熱量匯總表 .................................................................................................................................18 ................................................................................................20............................................................................................................................20............................................................................................................................23............................................................................................................................27 ...................................................................................................................30 ...................................................................................................................36 .......................................................................