【正文】 Computer Stores 蘋果電腦商店 ? Many thought the idea of an Apple Store to be stupid. ? People could already buy puters online or at discount stores. ? But, Apple stores have been very successful. On average, each APPLE Store has average sales of US$40 million dollars. ? 從前很多人認(rèn)為開辦蘋果電腦 商店是愚蠢的念頭 。 43 Academic Library Organization Trends 學(xué)術(shù)圖書館組織趨勢 ? Two models have emerged but it is not clear if either of these will dominate or whether both will disappear: ? 兩種模式已 合併 , 但是並不清楚那一種會主導(dǎo) , 或兩種 都 會消失 : Two Possible Models (1) The current Director and 13 functional assistant directors will simply be changed by adding additional assistant directors who focus on new functions. (2) The Library is merged with another anization on campus, ., the Computer Center. These have been called the Merged Information Services Organization (MISO). (1) 現(xiàn)任館長與一至三 位以 職責(zé) 劃分 的副館長的架構(gòu) ,會 改變 為增加多 位負(fù)責(zé)新職能 的副館長 。 38 Staffing, Management, etc., Global Changes 人力資源 ,管理等 ,全球 在 變 39 18. Crossinstitutional Staff Sharing 跨機(jī)構(gòu) 人力 共享 ? Libraries faced with critical financial problems are beginning to collaborate as never before, ., 2CUL where Columbia and Cornell’s libraries are sharing two area studies bibliographers and plan to share more. ? Advances in IT make it possible for a single person to meaningfully work in two places at the same time. ? 圖書館面對著嚴(yán)峻的財(cái)務(wù)問題 ,巳開始前所未有的 合作 , 例如 : 哥倫比亞 大學(xué) 圖書館與 康奈爾大學(xué) 圖書館正 共用 兩位學(xué)科 館 員 , 並 計(jì)劃 共 享更多 。 35 15. Mainstreaming Special Collections Cataloging 特 色 館藏 編目成 主流 ? Special Collections cataloging was out of the mainstream and less important than the processing of new books. ? With the emphasis on digitizing local unique materials, more attention is being paid to processing Special Collections materials. ? 特 色 館藏 編目過去並不是重心 , 圖書館從前較重視新書籍的加工工作 。 ? 並不單靠電腦 。 四年 前 圖書館 巳把 把學(xué) 生的論文加 到 機(jī)構(gòu) 典 藏 庫 內(nèi) 。 24 Public Services Global Trends 公 共 服務(wù) 全球趨勢 25 8. The Physical Reference Desk Is Disappearing 實(shí)體 的 參考 諮詢檯 逐漸消失 ? Reference desk statistics are down while online statistics are up. ? Readers find that Wikipedia and Google generally provide sufficient information immediately. ? The good old days of students going to the reference desk will soon be over. Reference books are being integrated within the general collection. ? 使用 參考 諮詢數(shù) 量 下降 ,而網(wǎng)上服務(wù)的 數(shù) 量 則上升。 21 5. Users as Selectors 用戶成了挑選者 ? Before rushing an order was seen as time consuming and costly, now ? Book vendors now have software to make these sorts of transactions routine ? User initiated book borrowing programs like InnReach and OCLC’s new program are more and more wide spread ? Journal publishers make it easy to buy articles one at a time ? 從前為滿足讀者的需求 ,便很 趕急 地訂購書籍 , 非常 浪費(fèi)時(shí)間 而且成本很高 。 18 2. Acquire More NonCommercial Content 徵集 更多非商業(yè) 資源 ? Libraries are focusing more and more attention on acquiring non mercial content as Open Access grows, as the IR movement grows, as they devote staff to mining Inter content. ? The whole context of collection building has changed. Every library and its readers has free access to tens of millions of older books. ? 圖書館更聚焦和 採 集 非商業(yè) 資源如開放存取 。 13 Arguments Against Academic Library Globalization 反對學(xué)術(shù)圖書館 全球化的 論點(diǎn) 1. Many readers prefer materials with a local flavor, ., Chinese books for Chinese students. 2. Global megapublishers can almost charge whatever they want. 3. Global cataloguing, etc. standards are excessive for small libraries and expensive to follow. 1. 很多讀者喜愛具本土 味道的書籍 ,例如中國學(xué)生 愛看 中文書 。 3. 富裕 國家將會更加 富裕 ，貧窮 國家將會更 貧窮 。 6. 離岸作業(yè) . 遷移 一部分或所有的生產(chǎn)工序到工資廉宜 ， 物料便宜 的 地區(qū)去生產(chǎn) 。學(xué)術(shù)圖書館在 全 球化 時(shí) 代 的 趨勢 1 Outline of Today’s Discussion 今天討論的大綱 1. Globalization Overview 2. Globalization and Academic Libraries. 3. Academic Library Global Trends 4. Implications for Asia Pacific Academic Libraries 5. Conclusions 1. 概觀全 球化 2. 全 球化與學(xué)術(shù)圖書館 3. 學(xué)術(shù)圖書館的全球化趨勢 4. 對亞太區(qū)學(xué)術(shù)圖書館的影響 5. 總結(jié) 2 Globalization Overview 概觀全 球化 1. Basic Definition 2. Globalization Background 3. Basic Arguments in Favor 4. Arguments Against 1. 基本 定義 2. 全 球化 的背景 3. 贊成 的 論點(diǎn) 4. 反對的 論點(diǎn) 3 Basic Definition 基本 定義 ? The process by which the experience of everyday life, marked by the diffu