【正文】 謝 本課題在選題及研究過程中得到李衛(wèi)英老師的親切關(guān)懷和悉心指導下完成的。 Festival. In this day, girls will throw a sewing needle into a bowl full of water on the night of Qixi as a test of embroidery skills. If the needle floats on top of the water instead of sinking, it proves the girl is a skilled embroiders. Single women also pray for finding a good husband in the future. And the newly married women pray to bee pregnant quickly. Tradition transformed The love story of Niulang and Zhinu, and the Qixi Festival have been handed down for generations. Yet these ancient traditions and customs are slowly dying out. Many modern Chinese, particularly youngsters, seem to know more about St Valentine39。s time for the wild fruits to ripe. The picturesque Arxan in Autumn is indeed a fairyland only exists in a dream that satisfies all your fantasies. If it rains heavily on Saturday night, some elderly Chinese will say it is because Zhinu, or the Weaving Maid, is crying on the day she met her husband Niulang, or the Cowherd, on the Milky Way. Most Chinese remember being told this romantic tragedy when they were children on Qixi, or the Seventh Night Festival, which falls on the seventh day of the seventh lunar month, which is usually in early August. This year it falls on Saturday, August 2. Folklore Story As the story goes, once there was a cowherd, Niulang, who lived with his elder brother and sisterinlaw. But she disliked and abused him, and the boy was forced to leave home with only an old cow for pany. The cow, however, was a former god who had violated imperial rules and was sent to earth in bovine form. One day the cow led Niulang to a lake where fairies took a bath on earth. Among them was Zhinu, the most beautiful fairy and a skilled seamstress. The two fell in love at first sight and were soon married. They had a son and daughter and their happy life was held up as an example for hundreds of years in China. Yet in the eyes of the Jade Emperor, the Supreme Deity in Taoism, marriage between a mortal and fairy was strictly forbidden. He ordered the heaven troop to catch Zhinu back. Niulang grew desperate when he discovered Zhinu had been taken back to heaven. Driven by Niulang39。 財務(wù)能力的重要性已經(jīng)被越來越多的企業(yè)家和企業(yè)管理人員所認同，相信通過加強財務(wù)能力建設(shè)必會增強企業(yè)的整體競爭實力，提高企業(yè)抵抗市場風險的能力，擴大企業(yè)盈利。優(yōu)化資產(chǎn)結(jié)構(gòu)，提高資產(chǎn)運營效率，緩解經(jīng)營壓力。從財務(wù)能力分析可以看出，公司的償債能力較強，負債比率還有提升的空間，便于公司更好的利用杠桿 獲得利潤。應引起企業(yè)重視。 固定資產(chǎn)周轉(zhuǎn)率是企業(yè)一定時期內(nèi)營業(yè)收入與平均固定資產(chǎn)凈值的比率 總資產(chǎn)周轉(zhuǎn)率是企業(yè)一定時期內(nèi)營業(yè)收入與平均資產(chǎn)總額的比率，它是反綜合評價企業(yè)全部資產(chǎn)的利用效率和經(jīng)營質(zhì)量的重要指標 表 4 2021 2021 流動資產(chǎn)周轉(zhuǎn)率 存貨周轉(zhuǎn)率 應收賬款周轉(zhuǎn)率 固定資產(chǎn) 周轉(zhuǎn)率 總資產(chǎn)周轉(zhuǎn)率 數(shù)據(jù)來源：根據(jù)各公司 2021年財務(wù)報表計算得來 從表 4 可以看到西山煤電有限公司流動資產(chǎn)周轉(zhuǎn)率 2021 年比 2021 年有大幅度的提高，周轉(zhuǎn)天數(shù)由原來的 251 天下降到了 171 天，說明企業(yè)對流動資產(chǎn)的管理效率有很大的改進，提高了企業(yè)對流動資金的營運能力。 表 3 2021 2021 2021 資產(chǎn)負債率 產(chǎn)權(quán)比率 有形凈值債務(wù)率 利息保障倍數(shù) 20 數(shù)據(jù)來源：根據(jù)各 公司 2021年財務(wù)報表計算得來 從表 3 來看，公司 2021 年到 2021 年，公司資產(chǎn)負債率、產(chǎn)權(quán)比率呈上升趨勢，資產(chǎn)負債率為 ，產(chǎn)權(quán)比率為 ，比率較合適，長期償債能力比較穩(wěn)定； 有形凈值債務(wù)率 2021 年雖太高，但是 2021 年和 2021 年下降了很多，達到了企業(yè)可接受的比率，對債務(wù)的償債能力大大提高。衡量指標主要包括資產(chǎn)負債率、利息保障倍數(shù)、產(chǎn)權(quán)比率和現(xiàn)金流量債務(wù)比等。 表 2 2021 2021 2021 流動比率（ %） 速動比率（ %） 現(xiàn)金比率（ %） 數(shù)據(jù)來源：根據(jù)各公司 2021年財務(wù)報表計算得來 從表 2 可以看出，公司的流動比率從 2021 年到 2021 年呈下降趨勢，說明公司短期償債能力在下降，且低于正常水平，短期償債能力風險增大 。一般而言，生產(chǎn)企業(yè)流動比率要求維持在 2，最低一般不 西山煤電有限公司財務(wù)能力分析 4 低