【正文】 mming pool that he wants to land on, but not too hard. Still, he39。t start planning... Those years, those days of do, finally, like youth, will end in our life. 此刻，天空是陰暗的，空氣里有著剛下過雨之后的清新因子。想要的，不想要的，界限明確，好像沒有什么可以撼動自己。 Junior high school, thought to have a crush on just means that the real growth, but over the past three years later, his writing of alumni in peace, suddenly found that isn39。s governing body, has also ordered an immediate investigation into the referee39。t appealed against the disciplinary action your employer has taken against you. However, if you win your case, the tribunal may reduce any pensation awarded to you as a result of your failure to appeal. Remember that in most cases you must make an application to an employment tribunal within three months of the date when the event you are plaining about happened. If your application is received after this time limit, the tribunal will not usually accept i. If you are worried about how the time limits apply to you, take advice from one of the anisations listed under Further help. Employment tribunals are less formal than some other courts, but it is still a legal process and you will need to give evidence under an oath or affirmation. Most people find making a claim to an employment tribunal challenging. If you are thinking about making a claim to an employment tribunal, you should get help straight away from one of the anisations listed under Further help. If you are being represented by a solicitor at the tribunal, they may ask you to sign an agreement where you pay their fee out of your pensation if you win the case. This is known as a damagesbased agreement. In England and Wales, your solicitor can39。n) for(s=248。 else keyDown = 1。amp。 FlagStartAL = 0。 while(1) { //如果 FlagStartAL 標(biāo)志置位，則進(jìn)行 AD 轉(zhuǎn)換 if (FlagStartAL == 1) { //酒精濃度換算， 50mg/L=，傳感器靈敏度應(yīng)事先校準(zhǔn) ALValue = 500 * GetADVal() / 256。j1000。 //端口初始化 ADC_Init()。 default: break。Threshold。 } //存入設(shè)定值 void Save_Setting() { pSave = (char *)amp。i)。 //設(shè)置當(dāng)前通道號為 for(i=2500。 //清先前的結(jié)果 ADC_CONTR|=0x80。 //定時器賦予初值 //每 1 秒鐘啟動一次 AD 轉(zhuǎn)換 ALCounter ++。 keyDown = 1。 uchar GetADVal()。 //酒精轉(zhuǎn)換計時器 int ALValue。 sbit Key_Down = P3^7。 新傳感器第一次上電有一個老化過程，數(shù)據(jù)會抖動，此時不去管它，上電一斷時間后關(guān)電，再重新上電即可正確測量。吹氣完畢后顯示值緩慢回落。 結(jié)果 實(shí)物圖 安裝完成后，酒精濃度測試儀上電。 PCB 板設(shè)計 (1) 定元件的封裝 (2) 建立 PCB 板框 (3) 載入網(wǎng)絡(luò)表 (4) 布局 (5) PCB 設(shè)計遵循的規(guī)則 酒駕測試儀 PCB板電路圖 4 軟件設(shè)計 軟件流程圖 數(shù) 據(jù) 初 始 化A / D 轉(zhuǎn) 換 初 始 化定 時 器 初 始 化顯 示 初 始 化進(jìn) 入 后 臺 w h i l e 循 環(huán)觸 發(fā) A / D 轉(zhuǎn) 換換 算 酒 精 濃 度酒 精 濃 度 顯 示超 過 閾 值 嗎 ？有 鍵 按 下 嗎 ？ 按 鍵 處 理酒 精 濃 度 顯 示報 警是是否否 圖 13 主程序流程圖 主程序 見附錄 5 下載與調(diào)試 當(dāng)程序在 uVision 環(huán)境下編寫完成，并編譯生成 .hex 文件后，就可以下載并 進(jìn)行調(diào)試了。 圖 9 EEPROM 存儲電路 供電及程序下載電路 本設(shè)計采用 USB 接口供電，電源電壓 5V。 液晶顯示部分 顯示電路 ： 顯示部分采用 SMC 1602 液晶屏進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)顯示，其主要技術(shù)參數(shù)為： 表 1 液晶屏技術(shù)指標(biāo) 顯示容量 12 2個字符 芯片工作電壓 工作電流 最佳工作電壓 字符尺寸 2． 95 （ WXH） mm 表 2 液晶屏接口信號說明 編號 符號 引腳說明 編號 符號 引腳說明 1 VSS 電源地 9 D2 Data 1/0 2 VDD 電源正極 10 D3 Data 1/0 3 VL 液晶顯示偏壓信號 11 D4 Data 1/0 4 RS 數(shù)據(jù) /命令選擇端 12 D5 Data 1/0 5 R/W 讀 /寫選擇端 13 D6 Data 1/0 6 E 使能信號 14 D7 Data 1/0 7 D0 Data 1/0 15 BLA 背光源正極 8 D1 Data 1/0 16 BLK 背光源負(fù)極 與單片機(jī)接口電路如圖 8所示。其外形如圖 5 所示。 醉酒閾值可以通過按鍵修改并保存。但鑒于成本、可靠性、實(shí)用性等因素考慮，提出以下設(shè)計方案。與半導(dǎo)體型相比，燃料電池型呼氣酒精測試儀具有穩(wěn)定性好，精度高，抗干擾性好的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。主要有燃料電池型呼氣酒精測試儀和半導(dǎo)體型呼氣酒精測試儀。 車輛駕駛?cè)藛T血液中的酒精含量大于或者等于 20mg/100mL 小于 80mg/100mL的駕駛為。酒后駕車與車禍的關(guān)系是無可辯駁的。全球每年有 50萬人因車禍喪生。 本研究設(shè)計的酒精濃度測試儀是一款實(shí)用性強(qiáng)、安全可靠的氣體乙醇濃度檢測工具，采用高精度 MQ3乙醇?xì)怏w傳感器對空氣中的乙醇濃度進(jìn)行檢測，利用宏晶公司高性能低成本單片機(jī) STC12C5A16AD 對檢測信號進(jìn)行 A/D 轉(zhuǎn)換 和處理，最后通過液晶屏顯示輸出。 關(guān)鍵詞 ： 酒 駕測試儀；酒精濃度； STC12C5A16AD； MQ3；閥值 III Abstract Since the criminal law amendment (eight) and the road traffic safety law formally implemented, drunk driving into the punishment formal. Not only the traffic police department, and many owners are looking forward to a portable instrument conveniently measure the alcohol concentration of gases, which provides guarantee for safe driving, effectively reduce the occurrence of major accidents. Alcohol concentration tester designed in this study is the gas concentration of ethanol detection tool for a practical, safe and reliable, high precision of MQ3 alcohol gas sensor to detect the concentration of ethanol in air, A/D conversion and processing of signal detection using macro crystal, high performance and low cost microcontroller STC12C5A16AD, finally through the LCD screen display output. Alcohol concentration tester designed in this study has drunk threshold setting function, can according to laws and regulations or the user needs to set the threshold to modify the drunk, and save. The instrument is small volume to carry, simple and convenient operation, low cost, high performance, suitable for the promotion of the use of. Keywords: Drunk driving tester。世界各國統(tǒng)計 ,30%～ 50%的交通事故由飲酒后駕車所至。美、日等國的研究表明，血液中酒精濃度為 %、 %、 %時 ,駕駛能力分別可下 10%、 25%、 30%?，F(xiàn)行道路交通安全法還規(guī)定，一年內(nèi)醉駕被處罰兩次以上的，吊銷機(jī)動車駕駛證， 5年內(nèi)不得駕駛營運(yùn)機(jī)動車。這兩種能夠制造成便攜型呼氣酒精測試器，適合于現(xiàn) 場使用半導(dǎo)體型采用氧化錫半導(dǎo)體作為傳感器，這類半導(dǎo)體器件具有氣敏特性，當(dāng)接觸的氣體中其敏感的氣體濃度增加，對外呈現(xiàn)的電阻值就降低。對于作為執(zhí)法或者處罰依據(jù)的人體酒精含量檢測，就應(yīng)該使用燃料電池型酒精測試儀。 實(shí)現(xiàn)功能： 實(shí)時測量空氣中的乙醇?xì)怏w濃度，在液晶屏上顯示。 雙路信號輸出（模擬量輸出及 TTL 電平輸出） TTL 輸出有效信號為低電平。 將傳感器放在無被測氣體的地方，順時針調(diào)節(jié)電位器，調(diào)節(jié)到指示燈亮，然后逆時針轉(zhuǎn)半圈，調(diào)到指示燈不亮，然后接近被測氣體，指示燈亮，離開被測氣體，指示燈熄滅，就證明傳感器是好的！ 單片機(jī)部分 STC12C5A1