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畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)-基于單片機(jī)的八路智能搶答器系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)(存儲(chǔ)版)

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【正文】 advice from an experienced adviser, for example, at a Citizens Advice Bureau. To find your nearest CAB, including those that give advice by , click on nearest CAB. For more information about making a claim to an employment tribunal, see Employment tribunals. The (lack of) air up there Watch mCayman Islandsbased Webb, the head of Fifa39。s plaint. In a statement the Russian side added: We found no racist insults from fans of CSKA. Age has reached the end of the beginning of a word. May be guilty in his seems to passing a lot of different life became the appearance of the same day。 Then in high school, think don39。 Junior high school, thought to have a crush on just means that the real growth, but over the past three years later, his writing of alumni in peace, suddenly found that isn39。s governing body, has also ordered an immediate investigation into the referee39。t appealed against the disciplinary action your employer has taken against you. However, if you win your case, the tribunal may reduce any pensation awarded to you as a result of your failure to appeal. Remember that in most cases you must make an application to an employment tribunal within three months of the date when the event you are plaining about happened. If your application is received after this time limit, the tribunal will not usually accept i. If you are worried about how the time limits apply to you, take advice from one of the anisations listed under Further help. Employment tribunals are less formal than some other courts, but it is still a legal process and you will need to give evidence under an oath or affirmation. Most people find making a claim to an employment tribunal challenging. If you are thinking about making a claim to an employment tribunal, you should get help straight away from one of the anisations listed under Further help. If you are being represented by a solicitor at the tribunal, they may ask you to sign an agreement where you pay their fee out of your pensation if you win the case. This is known as a damagesbased agreement. In England and Wales, your solicitor can39。因此在整個(gè)設(shè)計(jì)過程中大部分時(shí)間是用在程序上面的。通過 系統(tǒng)的仿真研究得出 。按鍵發(fā)聲 RET 。顯示 FF 和號(hào)數(shù) AJMP CHECK1 CHECK1: JNB ,QUIT1 ACALL DISPLAY AJMP HERE QUIT1: CLR RING CLR OK AJMP START 。 MOV A,R2 MOV R6,A MOV R3,07H CLR OK AJMP COUNT TRUE8: ACALL BARK。按鍵發(fā)聲 MOV A,R2 MOV R6,A。計(jì)時(shí)完畢 MOV R0,00H DEC R6。除十分出個(gè)位 /十位 MOV 30H,A。如果不是 99,R2 加 1,如果加到 99,R1就置 0,重新加起。搶答標(biāo)志位 ,用于 COUNT 只程序中判斷是否查詢搶答 MOV R3,0AH 。越高發(fā)聲頻率越高 ,越尖 MOV TH1,3CH MOV TL1,0B0H 。 MOV A,R2 MOV R6,A MOV R3,06H CLR OK AJMP COUNT TRUE7: ACALL BARK。RING 標(biāo)志位為 1時(shí)候 口不斷取反使喇叭發(fā)出一定頻率的聲音 OUT: RETI T1 溢出中斷 (計(jì)時(shí)程序 ): T1INT: MOV TH1,3CH MOV TL1,0B0H INC R0 RETI END 搶答器處理程序的設(shè)計(jì) 搶答器處理程序 : TRUE1: ACALL BARK。 軟件任務(wù)分析的另一個(gè)內(nèi)容是如何安排監(jiān)控軟件和各執(zhí)行模塊。從軟件的功能來看可分為兩大類:一類是執(zhí)行軟件,它能完成各 種實(shí)質(zhì)性的功能,如測量,計(jì)算,顯示,打印 [8],輸出控制和通信等,另一類是監(jiān)控軟件,它是專門用來協(xié)調(diào)各執(zhí)行模塊和操作者的關(guān)系,在系統(tǒng)軟件中充當(dāng)組織調(diào)度角色的軟件。由于軟件看門是高級(jí)中斷,它將阻止說要中斷響應(yīng),由此可見清除中斷激活標(biāo)志的重要性。上電復(fù)位,人工按鈕復(fù)位和硬件看門狗復(fù)位均為硬件復(fù)位。 按鈕輸入的硬件處理 按鈕的觸點(diǎn)在閉合和斷開時(shí)均會(huì)產(chǎn)生抖動(dòng),這是觸點(diǎn)的邏輯電平是不穩(wěn)定的,如不妥善處理,將會(huì)引起按鍵命令的錯(cuò)誤執(zhí)行或重復(fù)執(zhí)行。 以共陰為例,要想 a 段亮,向 a 段送 1 就是,返之送 0,共陽剛好相反。例如后臺(tái)程序需要調(diào)用顯示,將有關(guān)信息送入到現(xiàn)實(shí)緩沖區(qū)進(jìn)行顯示;中斷返回后,后臺(tái)程序繼續(xù)送完后半部分顯示內(nèi)容,但前半部分內(nèi)容已經(jīng)變了,這樣就出現(xiàn)了顯示錯(cuò)誤。由于一處調(diào)用顯示模塊,故不會(huì)發(fā)生沖突。這說明,顯示模塊與操作有關(guān),即監(jiān)控程序是需要調(diào)用顯示模塊。 RST 端在加電時(shí)應(yīng)保持的高電平時(shí)間包括 Vcc 的上升時(shí)間和振蕩器起振時(shí)間, Vcc 上升時(shí)間 若為 10ms,振蕩器起振時(shí)間和頻率有關(guān)。本系統(tǒng)采用按鍵復(fù)位方式的復(fù)位電路。 單片機(jī)在工作時(shí) ,由內(nèi)部振蕩器產(chǎn)生或由外直接輸入的送至內(nèi)部控制邏輯單元的時(shí)鐘信號(hào)的周期稱為時(shí)鐘周期。電容器 C C2 起穩(wěn)定振 蕩頻率、快速起振的作用,電容值我選擇了 30pF。 晶振的選擇: 6MHz 的晶振,其機(jī)器周期是 2us。隨著軟件設(shè)計(jì)水平的提高,往往只要改變或增加軟件中的數(shù)據(jù)處理算法,就可以使系統(tǒng)功能提高很多 ,而系統(tǒng)的硬件不必做任何更換就使系統(tǒng)升級(jí)換代。 總電路原理 為使硬件電路設(shè)計(jì)盡可能合理,應(yīng)注意以下幾方面: (1) 盡可能采用功能強(qiáng)的芯片,以簡化電路,功能強(qiáng)的芯片可以代替若干普通芯片,隨著生產(chǎn)工藝的提高,新型芯片的的價(jià)格不斷下降,并不一定比若干普通芯片價(jià)格的總和高。它的功能是對(duì)來自存儲(chǔ)器中的指令進(jìn)行譯碼,通過實(shí)時(shí)控制電路,在規(guī)定的時(shí)刻發(fā)出各種操作所需 的內(nèi)部和外部的控制信號(hào),使各部分協(xié)調(diào)工作,完成指令所規(guī)定的操作。 AT89S51/LS51 單片機(jī)是低功耗的、具有 4KB 在線課編程 Flash 存儲(chǔ)器的單片機(jī)。 2 31 第二章 單片機(jī)的功能簡介 89 系列單片機(jī)的概況 MCS51 單片機(jī)是美國 INTE 公司于 1980 年推出的產(chǎn)品,典型產(chǎn)品有 80 3 8051 和 8751 等通用產(chǎn)品,一直到現(xiàn)在, MCS5 1 內(nèi)核系列兼容的單片機(jī)仍是應(yīng)用的主流產(chǎn)品,各高校及專業(yè)學(xué)校的培訓(xùn)教材仍與 MCS51 單片機(jī)作為代表進(jìn)行理論基礎(chǔ)學(xué)習(xí)。當(dāng)主持人啟動(dòng) 開始 鍵后,定時(shí)器進(jìn)行減計(jì)時(shí)。搶答器不僅考驗(yàn)選手的反應(yīng)速度同時(shí)也要求選手具備足夠的知識(shí)面和一定的勇氣。 航天職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院 2 31 目 錄 摘要 ?????????? ?????????????????????? 2 緒 論 ????????????????????????????????? 5 一、 搶答器的概述 ??????????????????????????? ?? ? 6 系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)的功能 ??????????????????????????? ? 6 擴(kuò)展功能 ??????????????????????????????? 6 搶答器需求分析 ??????????????????????????? ? 6 搶答器的 硬件設(shè)計(jì) ??????????? ??????????????? ? 7 搶答器的 工作過程 ??????????????????????????? 7 二 、 單片機(jī)的功能簡介 ?????????????????????????? ? 8 89 系列單片機(jī)的概述 ???????????????????????? ? ? 7 AT89S51 的功能 ?????????? ????????????????? ? 8 AT89S51 單片機(jī)的內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu) ??? ?? ????????????????? 8 三、 硬件電路的設(shè)計(jì) ????????? ??????????? ??????? ? 10 總電路原理 ???????????????????? ????????? 10 時(shí)鐘頻率電路的設(shè)計(jì) ??????????????????????? ?? 11 復(fù)位電路的設(shè)計(jì) ????????????????????????? ?? 12 復(fù)位電路的可靠性設(shè)計(jì) ?????????????????????? ?? 12 人工復(fù)位 ?????????????????????? ???????? 13 顯示電路的設(shè)計(jì) ???? ?????????????????? ????? ? 14 控制電路的實(shí)現(xiàn) ?????????????????????? ????? ? 16 發(fā)聲 ?????????????????????? ?????????? ? 17 系統(tǒng)復(fù)位 ?????????????????????? ???????? ? 17 四 、軟件設(shè)計(jì) ?? ???????? ???????????????????? 19 軟件任務(wù)分析 ???????????????????????????? 19 顯示子程序的設(shè)計(jì) ????????? ????????????????? 20 定時(shí)器 T0、 T1 中斷服務(wù)程序的設(shè)計(jì) ? ?????????????????? 20 搶答器處理程序的設(shè)計(jì) ??????????????????????? ? 21 主程序及分析 ???????????????????????????? 23 五 、設(shè)計(jì)總結(jié) ? ?????????????????????????????? 31 參考文獻(xiàn) ????????????????????????????????? 32 致謝 ?????????????????????????? ????????? 33 緒論 緒論
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