【正文】 計(jì)軟件包 —— SPSS，對高等師范院校教師所涉及到的各個(gè)領(lǐng)域進(jìn)行探討，能使高校教師的教學(xué)工作有的放矢。因 此，本文著重突出因子分析方法，力求通過成績給學(xué)生一個(gè)相對完美的評價(jià)。 關(guān)鍵詞： 多元統(tǒng)計(jì) 聚類分析 因子分析 The Research of College Students’ Grades by Multivariate Statistical Method Abstract With the development of the times and social progress, people pay more and more attention to the development of human resources, the employing units in the selection of personnel, which requests applicant more and more high level in the scientific and cultural level and knowledge structure. Especially with the rapid development of high education, expanding enrollment and rapid updating of knowledge which bad a great influence on students and teacher structure. As training ground, has always been an important research subject in the educational circles, for how to improve the teaching quality of higher education and the training of highlevel personnel useful to society.. This paper bases on the grades of the 36 students from class one of 2021 professional faculty of science statistics and the grades of the 28 students from class one of 2021 professional faculty of science statistics. It applies cluster analysis, multivariate statistical methods of factor analysis and analysis software for quantitative analysis of the data. First, it adapts the original data to get grade point pretreatment and uses cluster analysis method to divide the students into 4 parts. Then, it uses factor analysis method to divide the wide range of courses into 2 parts, which gives the factor score model. Finally, it uses statistical analysis methods to have strengths and weaknesses of students’ grades on the courses. This can help to promote teachers’ targeted teaching and improve the quality of the courses. Key words: Multivariate statistics； Cluster analysis； Factor statistical； 目 錄 1 引言 .................................................................................................................................. 1 概述 ............................................................................................................................ 1 研究背景與意義 .......................................................................................................... 1 國內(nèi)研究現(xiàn)狀 ............................................................................................................. 1 數(shù)據(jù)來源 ..................................................................................................................... 2 數(shù)據(jù)的預(yù)處理 ............................................................................................................. 2 2 聚類分析 ........................................................................................................................... 3 聚類分析的基本思想 .................................................................................................. 3 聚類分析結(jié)果 ............................................................................................................. 3 3 因子分析 ........................................................................................................................... 4 因子分析法的數(shù)學(xué)模型 ............................................................................................... 4 因子分析法的基本步驟 ............................................................................................... 6 因子分析的應(yīng)用 .......................................................................................................... 6 KMO 檢驗(yàn) ............................................................................................................. 6 因子陡坡檢查，除去坡線平坦部分的因子 ............................................................. 7 方差貢獻(xiàn)率檢驗(yàn) ................................................................................................... 7 顯示未旋轉(zhuǎn)的因子矩陣 ........................................................................................ 8 因子旋轉(zhuǎn) —正交旋轉(zhuǎn) ............................................................................................ 9 因子得分系數(shù)矩陣 ..............................................................................................10 綜合得分指標(biāo)函數(shù) ..............................................................................................10 綜合排名的比較 ................................................................................................10 5 統(tǒng)計(jì)方法的應(yīng)用 ...............................................................................................................13 學(xué)生成績的比較 —性別對學(xué)生成績的影響 .................................................................13 獨(dú)立樣本 T 檢驗(yàn) ..................................................................................................13 6 總結(jié) .................................................................................................................................14 致謝 ................................................................ 15 參考文獻(xiàn) ............................................................ 16 附錄 .................................................................17 插圖和附表清單 表 1 必修課程名稱 ........................