b第二講電力市場(chǎng)概述(存儲(chǔ)版)
【正文】 批發(fā)、零售 傳統(tǒng)的電力工業(yè) 發(fā)電 傳統(tǒng)的電力工業(yè) 輸配電 傳統(tǒng)的電力工業(yè) 傳統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)下電力工業(yè)功能的實(shí)現(xiàn) ? 電力系統(tǒng)：發(fā)電、輸電、配電、售電， ? 電力需求：電力負(fù)荷 , 電力負(fù)荷曲線 , 電力負(fù)荷特性 , 電力負(fù)荷預(yù)測(cè) ? 電力平衡，電力系統(tǒng)規(guī)劃，電力系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行 ?發(fā)電廠類型 : 傳統(tǒng)的電力工業(yè) Natural Gas ?CCGT high efficiency ?makes CO2 , NOx much less than coal ?Expensive ?Flexible operation 傳統(tǒng)的電力工業(yè) Coal ?electricity from burning with air ?makes CO2, CO (poisonous), SO2, ash ?releasing solar energy trapped millions of years ago ?cheap, plentiful for hundreds of years ?technology exists to reduce emissions but costs money 傳統(tǒng)的電力工業(yè) capital costs are high radioactive waste needs processing/storing uranium stocks could last decades or centuries no greenhouse gases Nuclear power 傳統(tǒng)的電力工業(yè) ‘ windmills’ ? wind turbines clean, no waste unsightly (subjective) ? on land or sea? wind not always available currently fairly noisy but new designs better radar problems, bird problems large numbers required Wind Power 傳統(tǒng)的電力工業(yè) Solar Power ?photovoltaic cells convert light to electricity ?clean, no waste ?not always sunny (night!) ?not cheap but costs are falling ?direct water heating – reduces electricity needs 傳統(tǒng)的電力工業(yè) ?wave energy in water turns turbine ?energy from the Sun and Moon ?clean, no waste ?always available ?tough engineering
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