【正文】 62 1986 James M. Buchanan Jr. 1985 Franco Modigliani 1984 Richard Stone 1983 Gerard Debreu 1982 Gee J. Stigler 1981 James Tobin 1980 Lawrence R. Klein 1979 Theodore W. Schultz, Sir Arthur Lewis 1978 Herbert A. Simon 1977 Bertil Ohlin, James E. Meade Econometrics 2021 63 1976 Milton Friedman 1975 Leonid Vitaliyevich Kantorovich Tjalling C. Koopmans 1974 Gunnar Myrdal Friedrich August von Hayek 1973 Wassily Leontief 1972 John R. Hicks, Kenh J. Arrow 1971 Simon Kuzs 1970 Paul A. Samuelson 1969 Ragnar Frisch, Jan Tinbergen Econometrics 2021 64 The Bank of Sweden Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1969 for having developed and applied dynamic models for the analysis of economic processes Ragnar Frisch Norway Jan Tinbergen the etherlands Econometrics 2021 65 The Bank of Sweden Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1973 for the development of the inputoutput method and for its application to important economic problems Wassily Leontief USA Econometrics 2021 66 The Bank of Sweden Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1980 for the creation of econometric models and the application to the analysis of economic fluctuations and economic policies Lawrence R. Klein USA Econometrics 2021 67 The Bank of Sweden Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1984 for having made fundamental contributions to the development of systems of national accounts and hence greatly improved the basis for empirical economic analysis Richard Stone Great Britain Econometrics 2021 68 The Bank of Sweden Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1989 for his clarification of the probability theory foundations of econometrics and his analyses of simultaneous economic structures Trygve Haavelmo Norway Econometrics 2021 69 經(jīng)典計量經(jīng)濟學(xué) 創(chuàng)立 建立第 1個應(yīng)用模型 建立概率論基礎(chǔ) 發(fā)展數(shù)據(jù)基礎(chǔ) 發(fā)展應(yīng)用模型 Tinbergen Frisch Haavelmo Stone Klein 建立投入產(chǎn)出模型 Leontief Econometrics 2021 70 The Bank of Sweden Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 2021 for his development of theory and methods for analyzing selective samples” James J Heckman USA Econometrics 2021 71 The Bank of Sweden Prize in Economic Sciences inMemory of Alfred Nobel 2021 for his development of theory and methods for analyzing discrete choice Daniel L McFadden USA Econometrics 2021 72 The Bank of Sweden Prize in Economic Sciences inMemory of Alfred Nobel 2021 for methods of analyzing economic time series with mon trends (cointegration) Clive W. J. Granger UK Econometrics 2021 73 The Bank of Sweden Prize in Economic Sciences inMemory of Alfred Nobel 2021 for methods of analyzing economic time series with timevarying volatility (ARCH) Robert F. Engle USA Econometrics 2021 74 非 經(jīng)典計量經(jīng)濟學(xué) 微觀計量： 選擇性樣本模型 微觀計量： 離散選擇模型 時間序列： 協(xié)整理論 — 現(xiàn)代宏觀計量 時間序列： ARCH— 現(xiàn)代金融計量 Engle Heckman McFadden Granger Econometrics 2021 75 美國著名經(jīng)濟學(xué)家、 1970年諾貝爾經(jīng)濟學(xué)獎獲得者保羅 .薩繆爾森曾說過：“戰(zhàn)后的經(jīng)濟學(xué)是計量經(jīng)濟學(xué)的時代”。 2. 經(jīng)典宏觀計量經(jīng)濟學(xué) ：利用計量經(jīng)濟學(xué)理論方法，建立宏觀經(jīng)濟模型，對宏觀經(jīng)濟進行分析、評價和預(yù)測。 Econometrics 2021 49 （ 2）經(jīng)典計量經(jīng)濟學(xué) 在應(yīng)用方面的特征是： ⑴ 應(yīng)用模型方法論基礎(chǔ) ——實證分析、經(jīng)驗分析、歸納； ⑵ 應(yīng)用模型的功能 ——結(jié)構(gòu)分析、政策評價、經(jīng)濟預(yù)測、理論檢驗與發(fā)展； ⑶ 應(yīng)用模型的領(lǐng)域 ——傳統(tǒng)的應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域，例如生產(chǎn)、需求、消費、投資、貨幣需求，以及宏觀經(jīng)濟等。 Econometrics 2021 45 ? 計量經(jīng)濟學(xué)根據(jù)研究對象和內(nèi)容側(cè)重面不同，可以分為理論計量經(jīng)濟學(xué)和應(yīng)用計量經(jīng)濟學(xué)。的隨機性導(dǎo)致正是由于變量：服從正態(tài)分布的隨機：參數(shù)，：解釋變量被解釋變量YYYYiiniiixx????????010:????? Econometrics 2021 41 三、計量經(jīng)濟學(xué)的內(nèi)容體系