【正文】 The Positive Meaning ............................................................................................................ 7 The Negative Meaning .......................................................................................................... 8 The Coming of the Negative Meaning .................................................................... 8 The Symbol of Death and Calamity ............................................................................. 9 4 Conclusion ................................................................................................................................. 11 Bibliography................................................................................................................................. 11 i Acknowledgements First of all, I would like to express my heartfelt gratitude to my supervisor, Professor Li Yamin for his warmhearted encouragements, valuable instructions and thoughtful ments for this thesis. His guidance and encouragement have made this thesis a better one than I can ever possibly produce. And I am also extremely grateful to all the professors and teachers who taught me and enlightened me in the past years of my study at the Agricultural University of Hebei. Their lectures have laid the solid foundation for this thesis. Then, I would also like to give my special appreciation to my classmates and roommates for their patience in helping me collect materials without which my paper would not be finished so smoothly. Finally, I want to take this opportunity to thank my family members who have given their support and encouragement during the four years of my undergraduate study. Wang Yanjiao June12, 2020 ii 【 摘 要 】 古今中外，鳥(niǎo)和人類的生存與發(fā)展息息相關(guān)。 the cultural meaning 1 1 Introduction By probing into the cultural connotation of crow, this paper states that each word not only bears the rational meaning which is human being s understanding of the objective world, but also concentrates the cultural meaning in human social practice, which is result of the synthetic effects of many factors, such as cultural background, folk custom, etiquette, nice or nasty psychology. Everything has its origin. No matter in Chinese or in western world, the significance of crow experiences the process of changing. In China, as to crow‘ s reputation, a lot of people have already been full of senses of detesting to such hasty and careless and wicked bird with ugly appearance in influencing by the surroundings since childhood, but once speaking to the pigeon or magpie, we will put another perspective look at once. But in the Tang Dynasty, the crow was once that one kind was considered as the lucky bird, the winding evolution of its reputation has something to do with it‘s moral and personification with the people at that time too, from which we can also see a lot of popularity to go through the integration of social life to adapt to the prevailing moral order and political demands. However, the development of crow in western is not as twist as in China. Yet, it also conveys the positive meaning as well as the negative meaning. Like in China, the crow is a very plex image in western culture. It is not only the symbol of wisdom and intelligence, but also the symbol of despair and death. The crow has a long history, and it has witnessed the development and progress of human civilization, its images are often seen in Chinese and foreign cultures. In fact, it has far exceeded its biological significance as a bird, carrying too much human emotion, and it is spoken by men of letters to express their feelings unfailingly. By the different historical periods and different cultural influences, crows are given a variety of images. But all in all, no matter in Chinese and negative meaning of it: the crow is a contradictory image, that is to say, there are two sides of it: the positive meaning and the negative meaning. This passage is based on the two sides to probe into the crow in culture, so that it is good for people to understand the connotation of crow in different culture. 2 The Analysis of Crow in Chinese Culture The Positive Meaning In the hearts of the Chinese people, the crow has bee an ominous sign. However, in 2 history, dating back to the origin and evolution of the raven, we will find that its cultural symbolism is rather plex transformation. At first, the crow has the positive meaning, and it is seen as the mysterious and filial bird. The mysterious bird Ravens are considered a solar symbol in Chinese mythology. Why do people relate the raven to the sun together? At first people linking the raven to Ukraine, is based on the primitive simplicity of the original period of thinking, sun worship, the Yi tribe bird totem worship and sunspots and black gas phenomena through ancient thinking consolidation together, and eventually bee Yang Wu as a myth. The crow in the ancient people‘s heart is sacred. As the great work of the Mountain and Sea Classics say: 湯谷上有扶木 ,一日方至 ,一日方出 ,皆載于烏。s biological instinct to explanation of ethics, and further to the mystery. In addition, there is another work《藝文類聚》 says that―日中三足烏之精，降而生三足烏。s level of awareness and mind continue to progress, from the nature binding gradually set free from the nature worship to reexamine the world, and recognize people39。 and it went to and fro until the waters were dried up from the earth. Then he sent forth a dove from him to see if the waters had subsided from the face of the ground。s The Faerie Queene, the raven39。s recitation by the narrator, the raven still is sitting on the bust of Pallas. The narrator39。s ically ser