以色列高新技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)五十年的卓越[外文翻譯](存儲(chǔ)版)
【正文】 million). Israel also leads the Middle East with the highest peration rate of PCs in private homes. There is a personal puter in nearly one out of two households, a ratio similar to that of the United States, Canada and a very few European and Far Eastern countries. In recent years, the education system has purchased tens of thousands of puters for use by students, from kindergarten through university age. Compared to other socalled hightech 39。D projects. The projects that succeed are expected to pay royalties to the Chief Scientists office for a number of years. Domestic Technological Advancement Israel has firmly established itself as the most puterized country in the Middle East。D to include marketing, in order to capture a larger market share. Today, some startups develop valuable technologies, only to discover that their target market is unaware of them. Most startups in Israel boast annual sales of a few million dollars。 1948 年，新成立的以色列國(guó)防軍設(shè)立分行稱為科學(xué)團(tuán)。美國(guó)在五十年代末和六十年代早期，已經(jīng)有幾個(gè)大型計(jì)算機(jī)在以色列，購(gòu)自 IBM 和 Philco。他們中許多人被吸收到民用市場(chǎng)，而其他人組成的創(chuàng)業(yè)公司后來(lái)成為成功的高科技公司。當(dāng)?shù)厥袌?chǎng)的下列條件為產(chǎn)業(yè)提供了支持：在一個(gè)個(gè)人電腦被廣泛應(yīng)用的國(guó)家，整體氣氛和對(duì)電腦使用的積極態(tài)度有利于在年輕的一代中發(fā)展高科技技能。幾乎有三分之一的兩個(gè)家庭擁有一臺(tái)個(gè)人電腦，比類似美國(guó)，加拿大等極少數(shù)歐洲和遠(yuǎn)東國(guó)家。以色列發(fā)展高科技產(chǎn)業(yè)為電信服務(wù)做出了重大貢獻(xiàn)。當(dāng)然，中東的事件中發(fā)揮決定性作用的國(guó)際商業(yè)戰(zhàn)略。優(yōu)點(diǎn)包括高技能的工程師，良好的地理位置和一些稅務(wù)和海關(guān)的好處，使美國(guó) 公司出售產(chǎn)品在以色列向歐洲市場(chǎng)無(wú)需繳付關(guān)稅。這些，一些進(jìn)入市場(chǎng)建立了直接業(yè)務(wù)，而另一些這樣做友好接管以色列小企業(yè)。一些成功的故事，以色列高科技產(chǎn)業(yè)涉及的伙伴關(guān)系，以色列與外國(guó)合作伙伴，在以色列的合作伙伴提供技術(shù)或產(chǎn)品，與外國(guó)合作伙伴提供銷售和支持職能目標(biāo)市場(chǎng)。從每名員工的生產(chǎn)力，以色列高科技仍然有很長(zhǎng)的路要走，比較符合國(guó)際標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。大多數(shù)初創(chuàng)公司在以色列擁有年銷售額幾百萬(wàn)美元，只有少數(shù)以色列公司實(shí)現(xiàn)年銷售額達(dá)數(shù)億美元，而不是以色列公司之間的位置在全世界的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人，銷售高科技產(chǎn)品在數(shù)十億。高技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)已不再是一個(gè)博弈，它證明了它的能力。它已經(jīng)導(dǎo)致以色列經(jīng)濟(jì)方面的附加值，出口率和生產(chǎn)力的每名員工。自那時(shí)以來(lái)，移民 到以色列已經(jīng)減緩的問(wèn)題再次出現(xiàn)。這些公司受益于高水平的技術(shù)員和工程師，從接近其目標(biāo)市場(chǎng)在歐洲。這些小股東也必然選擇持有的份額增加。反對(duì)者在地方工業(yè)聲稱，外國(guó)公司獲得的資源，由于當(dāng)?shù)氐?“ 大腦 ” ，但沒(méi)有任何渠道進(jìn)入當(dāng)?shù)亟?jīng)濟(jì)。摩托羅拉在這一進(jìn)程向前邁出一步，并設(shè)立其最大的生產(chǎn)設(shè)施阿拉德，死海附近的。今天這仍是一個(gè)相當(dāng)大比例的高新技術(shù)產(chǎn)品出口。地方支出的信息技術(shù)估計(jì)為 24 億美元，在 1997 年，與穩(wěn)步增長(zhǎng) 1215%的年增長(zhǎng)率。成功的項(xiàng)目要向首席科學(xué)家辦公室支付數(shù)年的版稅。 以色列高科技產(chǎn)業(yè)的持續(xù)成功在本地及外國(guó)股市得到體現(xiàn)。 高新技術(shù)行業(yè) 近年來(lái)高增長(zhǎng)速度其中一個(gè)因素是以色列人中工程師的比例，這一比例是世界最高的，每一萬(wàn)名以色列人中就有 135 個(gè)工程師，相比之下，美國(guó)每一萬(wàn)人中只有 85 名是工程師。它們包括技術(shù)研究所，以色列技術(shù)研究所 在科學(xué)研究所的雷霍沃特，希伯來(lái)大學(xué)在耶路撒冷，海法大學(xué)，貝爾謝巴，特拉維夫拉馬特甘。其增長(zhǎng) 體現(xiàn)在 （ 銷售總額） 1997 年銷售總額為 7 2 億美元，增長(zhǎng) 1 ％ ，比1996 年增加 5 6 億美元， 1997 年比 1996 年增長(zhǎng)了 ％。Dintensive, hightech panies have been a major factor in the growth of exports over the years, especially in electronics, optics, electrooptics, lasers, puterbased equipment, robotics and aeronautics. Moreover, in the last two decades Israeli developments have contributed significantly to the following information technology and telemunications industries: Wireless Communications (voice and data)Advanced Data Communications Technologies (ATM, IDSL, SDH)Advanced LAN Technologies (ATM, Fast Ether, FDDI, ISDN)Satellite VSAT (Very Small Aperture Terminal)Voice Mail and Related Voice Manipulation Technologies DSP Digital Signal Processing Technologies and Products Encryption and Data Security AntiVirus Technologies Software Utilities for Mainframe and MidRange Computers (including year 2020 problem solving utilities) Databases for Mainframe and MidRange Computers Inter Technologies Inter Products Educational Software and Multimedia Graphic Arts and Color Printing Technologies Billing Software for Telephone and Cellular Operators Semiconductor Development and PostProduction Inspection Tools CAD, CAM, and CAE. International Firms in Israel It has taken several years for the management of international hightech firms to decide to utilize Israels advantages as an operations base. Of course, events in the Middle East play a decisive role in international business strategies. The continuing peace process with the Palestinians, since 1993, has encouraged many international firms to establish operations and/or conduct business in Israel. There has been a US presence in Israel, though, for three decades. Two hightech giants IBM and Motorola established local subsidiaries for sales and technical support in the 1960s。 本科畢業(yè)論文外文翻譯 外文題目： The Israel High TechIndusty Fifty Years of Excellence 出 處： Israel
畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)相關(guān)推薦
鄂ICP備17016276號(hào)-1