【正文】 外文翻譯 水的用量。裂縫寬度受溫度變化的影響較小?；炷翝仓?以 后，在硬化 的 過程中，水泥水化 所 產(chǎn)生大量的水化熱，（當(dāng)水泥用量在 350550 kg/m3，每立方米混凝土將釋放出 1750027500kJ 的熱量，從而使混凝土內(nèi)部溫度升達(dá)70℃左右甚至更高）。 主要預(yù)防措施：一是盡量選用低熱或中熱水泥，如礦渣水泥、粉煤灰水泥等。九是在大體積混凝土內(nèi)部設(shè)置冷卻管道，通冷水或者冷氣冷卻，減小混凝土的內(nèi)外溫差。 混凝土拌和后會(huì)產(chǎn)生一些堿性離子，這些離子與某些活性骨料產(chǎn)生化學(xué)反應(yīng)并吸收周圍環(huán)境中的水而體積增大，造成混凝土酥松、膨脹開裂。三是混凝土澆注要振搗密實(shí)。t Suo crack of the creation be main is because of concrete inside outside humidity evaporate degree dissimilarity but cause to transform dissimilarity of result:The concrete is subjected to exterior condition of influence, surface humidity loss lead quick, transform bigger, inner part degree of humidity variety smaller transform smaller, bigger surface stem the Suo transform to be subjected to concrete inner part control, creation more big pull should dint but creation relative humidity is more low, cement syrup body stem Suo more big, stem the Suo crack be more easy the Suo crack is much surface parallel lines form or the shallow thin crack, width many between mm, the flat surface part much see in the big physical volume concrete and follow it more in thinner beam plank short to Suo crack usually the anti Shen of influence concrete, cause the durable of the rust eclipse influence concrete of reinforcing bar, under the function of the water pressure dint would creation the water power split crack influence concrete of loading dint etc..Concrete stem the Suo be main with water ash of the concrete ratio, the dosage of the position, cement of cement, gather to anticipate of the dosage of the property and dosage, in addition etc. relevant. Main prevention measure: While being to choose to use the constringency quantity smaller cement, general low hot water mire and powder ash from stove cement in the adoption, lower the dosage of cement. Two is a concrete of stem the Suo be subjected to water ash ratio of influence more big, water ash ratio more big, stem Suo more big, so in the concrete match the ratio the design should as far as possible control good water ash ratio of choose to use, the Chan add in the meantime acmodation of reduce water. Three is strict 浙江大學(xué)城市學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì) 外文翻譯 control concrete mix blend with under construction of match ratio, use of concrete water quantity absolute can39。The size bigger structure of the beam plank length, the crack run parallel with short side more。s withdrawing a method, alkalescence to recover a method is a chemistry protection method in three kinds of in mon use but valid advantage of this kind of method is a protection method under the influence of environment factor smaller, apply reinforcing bar, concrete of longterm antisepsis, since can used for crack structure already can also used for new set up structure. Imitate to living from legal more Imitate to living from heal the method be a kind of new crack treatment, its mimicry living creature organization secrete a certain material towards suffering wound part auto, but make the wound part heal of function, join some and special position(such as contain to glue knot of the liquid Xin fiber or capsule) in the concrete of the tradition the position, at concrete inner part formation the intelligence type imitate to living from heal nerve work system, be the concrete appear crack secrete a parts of liquid Xin fiber can make the crack re heal. 4 Conclusion The crack is widespread in the concrete structure existence of a kind of phenomenon, it of emergence not only will lower the anti Shen of building ability, influence building of usage function, and will cause the rust eclipse of reinforcing bar, the carbonization of concrete, lower the durable of material, influence building of loading ability, so want to carry on to the concrete crack earnest research, differentiation treat, adoption reasonable of the method carry on processing, and at under construction adopt various valid of prevention 浙江大學(xué)城市學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì) 外文翻譯 measure to prevention crack of emergence and development, assurance building and Gou piece safety, stability work. 。 Cape direction development, bigger sink to sink crack, usually have certain of wrong, crack width usually with sink to decline quantity direct proportion width under the influence of temperature variety foundation after transform stability sink to sink crack also basic tend in stability. Main prevention measure:One is rightness loose soft soil, return to fill soil foundation a construction at the upper part structure front should carry on necessity of Hang solid with is the strength that assurance template is enough and just degree, and prop up firm, and make the foundation be subjected to dint is keep concrete from sprinkle infusing the foundation in the process is soak by is time that template tore down to can39。Protected environment not appropriate the crack etc. caused with chemical differentiation to treat in the actual engineering, work176。通常的預(yù)防措施有：一是保證鋼筋保護(hù)層的厚度。十四是混凝土中配置少量的鋼筋或者摻入 纖維材料將混凝土的溫度裂縫控制在一定的范圍之內(nèi)。七是高溫季節(jié)澆筑時(shí)可以采用搭設(shè)遮陽板等輔助措施控制混凝土的溫升，降低澆筑混凝土的溫度。高溫膨脹引起的混凝土溫度裂縫是通常中間粗兩端細(xì)，而冷縮裂縫的粗細(xì)變化不太明顯。五是在凍土上搭設(shè)模板時(shí)要注意采取一定的預(yù)防措施。 45176。影響混凝土塑性收縮開裂的主要因素有水灰比、混凝土的凝結(jié)時(shí)間、環(huán)境溫度、風(fēng)速、相對(duì)濕度等等。 二是混凝土的干縮受水灰比的影響較大，水灰比越大，干縮 也就 越大 ，因此在混凝土配合比設(shè)計(jì)中應(yīng)盡量控制好水灰比的選用，同時(shí)摻加適量的減水劑。 混凝土工程中常見裂縫及預(yù)防 干縮裂縫及預(yù)防 浙江大學(xué)城市學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)