【正文】 ject management , information science and technology, 2020. (01) 淺析我國工程項目管理的發(fā)展趨勢及對策 【摘 要】 簡要分析了我國工程項目管理的現(xiàn)狀，同時就工程項目管理發(fā)展的國際化、信息化兩大趨勢作了詳細(xì)論述，并提出了面對 WTO，為迎接經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化和知識經(jīng)濟(jì)時代到來，中國工程項目管理應(yīng)該采取的一些對策。同時，我國的建筑市場也實行了“門戶開放”，許多境外建筑承包商進(jìn)入我國承包工程，從而加劇了國內(nèi)建筑市場競爭。這個法律涉及項目管理的諸多方面，為我國項目管理的健康發(fā)展提供了法律保 障?！坝蟹ú灰?，執(zhí)法不嚴(yán)”的現(xiàn)象隨處可見，隨時可聞。改革開放以來，外資在我國投資企業(yè)達(dá) 32 萬家，我國實際利用外資達(dá) 3577 億美元。為了適應(yīng)這種發(fā)展趨勢，我們應(yīng)該做到以下幾點：（ 1）、建立高素質(zhì)項目管理班子，是與國際慣例接軌的關(guān)鍵；（ 2）、必須了解和掌握 FIDIC 合同條款，搞好索賠，維護(hù)自身合法權(quán)益；（ 3）、必須學(xué)會工程項目風(fēng)險管理，把風(fēng)險損失降到最低限度；（ 4）、必須掌握國外項目管理軟件的應(yīng)用；（ 5）、必須學(xué)會按國際慣例解決項目承包中的爭議問題。這個過程單靠工業(yè)、農(nóng)業(yè)那樣的重復(fù)、批量的生產(chǎn)是無法 實現(xiàn)的，這時先進(jìn)管理手段 —— 電腦又發(fā)揮了不可替代的作用。觀念創(chuàng)新是動力，制度創(chuàng)新是前提，技術(shù)創(chuàng)新是源泉，方法創(chuàng)新是保障。首先要積極推廣新技術(shù)應(yīng)用。以重點工程為舞臺，加快培養(yǎng)青年人才群體，委派他們擔(dān)任項目經(jīng)理助理、項目工程師等職務(wù)，讓他們在施工第一線掛職鍛煉。質(zhì)量控制核心是落實質(zhì)量責(zé)任，應(yīng)當(dāng)堅持做到時間再緊程序不超越，任務(wù)再重標(biāo)準(zhǔn)不降低，條件再差要求不放松。目前集團(tuán)項目經(jīng)理的現(xiàn)狀是：數(shù)量不少，結(jié)構(gòu)失衡，素質(zhì)參差不齊，培訓(xùn)使用脫節(jié)，特別是具有豐富實踐經(jīng)驗的優(yōu)秀項目經(jīng)理不多，以致在選用項目經(jīng)理時，經(jīng)常是捉襟見肘。例如：由于建筑工業(yè)大量使用合成的化工材料，使得一些含有二氧化硫、二氧化氮、鹵化物的材料暴露在大氣中或與在自然的氧化作用下，釋放出相應(yīng)的 氣態(tài)化合物；在施工過程中產(chǎn)生的噪音污染；由于機(jī)械化施工而產(chǎn)生的機(jī)械廢氣；施工過程中產(chǎn)生的大量的固態(tài)建筑垃圾等。 參考文獻(xiàn)： （ 1）丁士昭，《建筑工程項目管理》，中國建筑工為出版社， 1987 （ 2）（美） ，《新項目管理》，北京： 世界圖書出版社， 2020 （ 3）（美）笠茲納著，楊愛華，楊磊，王增東等譯，《項目管理計劃、進(jìn)度和控制的系統(tǒng)方法》，北京：電子工業(yè)出版社， 2020 （ 4）趙濤，潘欣鵬，《項目整體管理》，北京：中國紡織出版社， 2020 （ 5）姜淳，《建筑企業(yè)的工程項目管理探析》， 科技資訊 , 2020,(01) 。 從 20世紀(jì) 80年代的“魯布格經(jīng)驗”到今天，項目管理對建筑業(yè)的發(fā)展起到了無法替代的作用。完善的 項目合同管理也是成本控制的一項關(guān)鍵因素。 質(zhì)量管理方法創(chuàng)新。其三是加快人才培養(yǎng)，為項目技術(shù)創(chuàng)新提供保證。 （ 3）、技術(shù)創(chuàng)新是源泉 當(dāng)今的世界，已進(jìn)入科技昌明的時代。目前，我們的企業(yè)管理還過于粗放、松弛、缺乏科學(xué)管理，遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)適應(yīng)不了市場形勢的發(fā)展要求，因而加強(qiáng)和創(chuàng)新企業(yè)管理顯得尤為迫切和重要。知識經(jīng)濟(jì)時代的項目管理是通過知識共享、運用集體智慧提高應(yīng)變能力和創(chuàng)新能力。另一方面，入世后根據(jù)最惠國待遇和國民待遇，我們將獲得更多的機(jī)會，并能更加容易地進(jìn)入國際市場。這表明項目管理的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀和重要性還 沒有在科技教育界取得共識，也說明了我國項目管理人才培養(yǎng)的軟硬環(huán)境還很落后。 自始至終貫穿項目建設(shè)全過程的企業(yè)性經(jīng)濟(jì)管理組織。 我國工程項目管理發(fā)展的特點作為現(xiàn)代管理科學(xué)的一重要分支學(xué)科“工程項目管理”，１９８２年引進(jìn)到我國，１９８８年在全國進(jìn)行應(yīng)用試點，１９９３年正式推廣。我國的建筑施工企業(yè)參與國際建設(shè)市場競爭越來越多，由 1979 年的幾家發(fā)展到今年的上百家，由最初的單純勞 務(wù)承包，發(fā)展到今天工程總承包。 The construction process of a large number of solid construction waste, etc. Therefore, in today39。s credentials the exercise in the construction of the first line. (4), the method innovation is the guarantee Management innovation is the organic treatment project management and coordinate the construction period, quality, the cost is the key to multiple goals, is the important guarantee of successful project management. Schedule control method innovation. As the schedule control, any a project is a plicated system engineering. Therefore, must carefully prepare the construction organization design. Only in this way can determine the various stages of project control points, and from the periodic success to achieve the final success. Quality management method innovation. Quality is the life of the enterprise, the enterprise to obtain the market mainly by quality. Quality control core is to carry out the quality responsibility, should stick to do time again tight program not beyond, task heavy standard not again Don39。s enterprises can have equal rights with other member enterprise, enjoys the same tariff reduction, and under the principle of trade liberalization, reduce the examination and approval procedures for foreign project contracting, there will be more panies engaged in international engineering contracting, and gradually transition to operate freely. In order to adapt to the development trend, we should do the following: (1), to create high quality project management son, is the key to the line with international practice。 In April 1999 in chongqing the qijiang count rainbow bridge collapsed。 中文 5000 字 Analyses the development trend of engineering project management in our country and the countermeasures Abstract This article analyses briefly present situation and two development tendencies of Chinese project it presents several countermeasures in order that Chinese project management wele ing of economic globlization and knowledge economic． Key Words: Project Management, Development Tendency, Countermeasure, Present Situation Introduction The English expressions of Project Management is Project Management. Architectural engineering field in the UK, however, to Project Management should be the correct understanding of the owner39。s project management is significant, but the quality accident, time delays, cost overruns and other issues are still a lot. For example: in 1998, during the floods the burst of jiujiang Yangtze river levee。s accession to the WTO, the domestic market internationalization, market integration at home and abroad, the foreign enterprise must use its in capital, technology, management, personnel, services and other advantages, from the domestic market in our country, especially the engineering general contracting market. In the face of increasingly fierce market petition, our enterprises must be marketoriented, conversion business model, enhance the strain capacity, learn to survive in the petition, seek to develop in the struggle. After the wto accession, on the other hand, according to the mostfavourednation treatment and national treatment, we will get more opportunities, and can more easily enter the international market. At the same time, after joining the WTO, in the international market, as a member of our country39。s world, has entered the era of science and technology today. Project management to innovate, inseparable from the technology innovation. To actively promote the new technology application in the f